-- Electrochemical Methods for Neuroscience -- NCBI Bookshelf

frelchem

Electrochemical Methods for Neuroscience

MichaelAdrian C.

University of Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania

BorlandLaura M.

University of Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania

CRC Press, Taylor & Francis Group0-8493-4075-6978-0-8493-4075-82007

Series Preface Sidney A. Simon, Ph.D. and Miguel A.L. Nicolelis, M.D., Ph.D.
Preface Adrian C. Michael and Laura M. Borland
Editors
Contributors
1 An Introduction to Electrochemical Methods in Neuroscience Laura M. Borland and Adrian C. Michael
- Introduction
- In Vivo Electrochemistry: The Benefits of Size and Speed
- The Scope of Electrochemistry in the Neurosciences
- Electrochemistry Fundamentals
- Conclusion
- References
2 Rapid Dopamine Release in Freely Moving Rats Donita L. Robinson and R. Mark Wightman
- The Phenomenon of Dopamine Transients
- Measurement of Dopamine Transients: Fast-Scan Cyclic Voltammetry
- Naturally Occurring Dopamine Transients
- Function of Dopamine Transients
- References
3 Presynaptic Regulation of Extracellular Dopamine as Studied by Continuous Amperometry in Anesthetized Animals Marianne Benoit-Marand, Marie-Francoise Suaud-Chagny, and François Gonon
- Electrically Evoked Dopamine Release Monitored by Continuous Amperometry
- Characteristics of Dopaminergic Transmission
- Technical Recommendations
- Conclusions
- References
4 Fast Scan Cyclic Voltammetry of Dopamine and Serotonin in Mouse Brain Slices Carrie E. John and Sara R. Jones
- Introduction
- Advantages of the Use of Mouse Brain Slices
- Methodology for Fast Scan Cyclic Voltammetry in Mouse Brain Slices
- Monoamine Uptake Inhibitors and Releasers
- Concluding Remarks
- References
5 High-Speed Chronoamperometry to Study Kinetics and Mechanisms for Serotonin Clearance In Vivo Lynette C. Daws and Glenn M. Toney
- Introduction: Serotonin and the Serotonin Transporter
- Voltammetric Techniques Used to Study Kinetics of Serotonin Clearance in Brain
- Kinetics of Serotonin Clearance
- Receptor Regulation of the Serotonin Transporter
- Concluding Remarks
- References
6 Using High-Speed Chronoamperometry with Local Dopamine Application to Assess Dopamine Transporter Function Joshua M. Gulley, Gaynor A. Larson, and Nancy R. Zahniser
- Introduction
- Use of High-Speed Chronoamperometry (HSC) with Local DA Application to Measure in Vivo DAT Function in Discrete Brain Regions of Anesthetized Rats and Mice
- Additional Applications of HSC with Local Da Application to Measure DAT Function
- Future Directions in Using HSC to Measure DAT Function
- References
7 Determining Serotonin and Dopamine Uptake Rates in Synaptosomes Using High-Speed Chronoamperometry Xiomara A. Perez, Amanda J. Bressler, and Anne Milasincic Andrews
- Introduction: History of Investigating Monoamine Neurotransmitter Uptake
- Chronoamperometry Methods for Determining Uptake in Synaptosomes
- Characterization of Microelectrode Responses
- Effects of Oxygen on Synaptosomal Uptake of Serotonin
- Effects of Stirring on Synaptosomal Uptake of Serotonin
- Effects of Uptake Inhibitors on Synaptosomal Uptake of Serotonin
- Inactivation of Serotonin Transporter Expression Results in a Gene Dose-Dependent Reduction in Serotonin Uptake
- Uptake Kinetics of Serotonin by Chronoamperometry
- Chronoamperometry versus Radiochemical Methods: Why Such Discrepancies in Uptake Rates?
- Determination of Dopamine Uptake in α-Synuclein Transgenic Mice by Chronoamperometry
- Conclusions
- References
8 Using Fast-Scan Cyclic Voltammetry to Investigate Somatodendritic Dopamine Release Sarah Threlfell and Stephanie J. Cragg
- What Is Somatodendritic Dopamine Release?
- Methodological Approaches to the Study of Somatodendritic Dopamine Release
- What Is the Mechanism of Release?
- Regulation of Somatodendritic Dopamine Signals by Extracellular Geometry and Uptake
- Neuromodulation of Somatodendritic Release
- Summary and Conclusions
- References
9 From Interferant Anion to Neuromodulator: Ascorbate Oxidizes its Way to Respectability George V. Rebec
- Introduction
- Basic Chemistry
- Ascorbate Electrochemistry
- Ascorbate and Huntington’s Disease
- Summary and Conclusion
- References
10 Biophysical Properties of Brain Extracellular Space Explored with Ion-Selective Microelectrodes, Integrative Optical Imaging and Related Techniques Sabina Hrabìtová and Charles Nicholson
- Introduction: Extracellular Space
- Tools and Methods to Study Extracellular Space in Real Time
- Choice of Brain Tissue Preparation
- Specialized Software for Point-Source Diffusion Analysis
- Diffusion Properties of Brain Extracellular Space
- Monte Carlo Simulation of Diffusion in 3d Media
- Future Directions
- References
11 Hydrogen Peroxide as a Diffusible Messenger: Evidence from Voltammetric Studies of Dopamine Release in Brain Slices Margaret E. Rice, Marat V. Avshalumov, and Jyoti C. Patel
- Introduction
- Overview
- Voltammetric Methods
- Brain Slice Methodology
- Stimulating and Recording Da Release in Brain Slices
- Regulation Of Striatal DA Release By H₂O₂
- Summary and Future Directions for studies of H₂O₂ as a Neuromodulator
- References
12 In Vivo Voltammetry with Telemetry Paul A. Garris, Phillip G. Greco, Stefan G. Sandberg, Greg Howes, Sirinun Pongmaytegul, Byron A. Heidenreich, Joseph M. Casto, Robert Ensman, John Poehlman, Andy Alexander, and George V. Rebec
- Introduction
- Principles of Telemetry
- Wireless Neural Monitoring and Control
- Real-Time Animal Telemetry
- Future Directions
- Conclusions
- References
13 Oxidative Stress at the Single Cell Level Christian Amatore and Stéphane Arbault
- Introduction
- Microelectrode Detection of Superoxide and Hydrogen Peroxide Released by Living Cells
- Microelectrode Detection of Nitric Oxide and Peroxynitrite Releases by Living Cells
- Conclusions and Perspectives
- References
14 Electrochemistry at the Cell Membrane/Solution Interface Nathan Wittenberg, Marc Maxson, Daniel Eves, Ann-Sofie Cans, and Andrew G. Ewing
- Introduction
- Other Techniques
- Electrochemistry at Bilayer Membranes
- Electrochemical Methods Applied to Neuroscience
- Summary and Future Perspectives
- References
15 The Patch Amperometry Technique: Design of a Method to Study Exocytosis of Single Vesicles Gregor Dernick, Guillermo Alvarez de Toledo, and Manfred Lindau
- Introduction: Capacitance Measurements of Membrane Fusion with Amperometric Detection of Released Molecules
- Patch Amperometry
- Analysis of Exocytotic Events
- Summary and Discussion
- References
16 Amperometric Detection of Dopamine Exocytosis from Synaptic Terminals Roland G. W. Staal, Stephen Rayport, and David Sulzer
- Introduction to Dopamine Neurotransmission
- Methods
- References
17 Scanning Electrochemical Microscopy as a Tool in Neuroscience Albert Schulte and Wolfgang Schuhmann
- Introduction
- Operational Principles of the Amperometric Feedback and the Generator/Collector Mode of SECM
- Constant-Height Mode SECM Measurement at Individual Cells
- Constant-Distance Mode SECM at Individual Cells and Cell Populations
- Conclusion and Future Aspects
- References
18 Principles, Development and Applications of Self-Referencing Electrochemical Microelectrodes to the Determination of Fluxes at Cell Membranes Peter J. S. Smith, Richard H. Sanger, and Mark A. Messerli
- Introduction
- Self-Referencing: Principles
- Self-Referencing: Potentiometric Ion-Selective Electrodes (ISE)
- Self-Referencing: Amperometric Microelectrodes
- Electrode Construction
- Response Times
- Spatial Resolution
- Problems and Pitfalls
- Positional Artifacts
- Voltage Fields
- Use of Buffers
- Equipment and Software
- Applications
- Conclusions
- References
19 Second-by-Second Measures of L-Glutamate and Other Neurotransmitters Using Enzyme-Based Microelectrode Arrays Kevin N. Hascup, Erin C. Rutherford, Jorge E. Quintero, B. Keith Day, Justin R. Nickell, Francois Pomerleau, Peter Huettl, Jason J. Burmeister, and Greg A. Gerhardt
- Introduction
- Principles of in Vivo Electrochemistry
- Enzyme-Based Multisite Microelectrode Arrays
- Microelectrode Preparation
- Amperometric Recordings Utilizing Self-Referencing Microelectrodes
- Application to Biological Systems
- Future Directions
- Appendix A Preparing Glutamate Microelectrodes
- References
20 Telemetry for Biosensor Systems David A. Johnson and George S. Wilson
- Introduction
- Fast Scan Cyclic Voltammetry
- In-Vivo Electrochemical Sensors
- General Design Considerations
- Power Sources
- Rf Telemetry
- Design Examples
- Conclusions
- References
21 The Principles, Development and Application of Microelectrodes for the In Vivo Determination of Nitric Oxide Michael J. Serpe and Xueji Zhang
- Introduction
- NO Microelectrodes
- Calibration of NO Microelectrodes
- Characterization of NO Microelectrodes
- Selected No Microelectrode Applications
- Concluding Remarks
- References
22 In Vivo Fast-Scan Cyclic Voltammetry of Dopamine near Microdialysis Probes Hua Yang and Adrian C. Michael
- Introduction
- Procedures for Voltammetry near Microdialysis Probes
- Results
- Discussion and Implications
- References
List of Figures

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