The primary goal of this TIP, Substance Abuse Treatment: Addressing the Specific Needs of Women, is to assist substance abuse treatment providers in offering effective, up-to-date treatment to adult women with substance use disorders. This TIP reviews gender-specific research and best practices beginning with the common patterns of initiation of substance use among women and extending to specific treatment issues and strategies across substance abuse treatment services. In the last 15 years, women-specific substance abuse research and gender-responsive treatment strategies have dramatically increased, thus providing this TIP with a wealth of women-specific resources to guide its development. This TIP provides clinical and administrative information to assist counselors, clinical supervisors, program administrators, and others working with female clients with substance use disorders on how they can best respond to the specific treatment needs of women. The TIP will provide researchers and clinicians with a guide to sources of information and topics for further inquiry.