Expression: According to AceView, this gene is expressed at high level, 3.3 times the average gene in this release. The sequence of this gene is defined by 565 GenBank accessions, some from brain (seen 29 times), lung (19), placenta cot 25-normalized (18), placenta (16), colon (11), pancreas (11), stomach (11) and 149 other tissues. We annotate structural defects or features in 2 cDNA clones.
Alternative mRNA variants and regulation: The gene contains 17 distinct introns (16 gt-ag, 1 gc-ag). Transcription produces 17 different mRNAs, 13 alternatively spliced variants and 4 unspliced forms. There are 4 probable alternative promotors, 6 non overlapping alternative last exons and 4 validated alternative polyadenylation sites (see the diagram). The mRNAs appear to differ by truncation of the 5' end, truncation of the 3' end, presence or absence of 4 cassette exons, overlapping exons with different boundaries.
2 variants were isolated in vivo, despite the fact that they are predicted targets of nonsense mediated mRNA decay (NMD).
Efficacy of translation may be reduced by the presence of a shorter translated product (uORF) initiating at an AUG upstream of the main open reading frame (in variant kAug10).
Function: There are 30 articles specifically referring to this gene in PubMed. Functionally, the gene has been proposed to participate in processes (negative regulation of apoptosis, negative regulation of nitric-oxide synthase 2 biosynthetic process, neurotransmitter receptor metabolic process, positive regulation of cell cycle, positive regulation of cell proliferation, positive regulation of nitric-oxide synthase 2 biosynthetic process, response to cytokine stimulus, response to inorganic substance, response to organic cyclic substance, response to protein stimulus). Proteins are expected to have molecular functions (acetylcholine receptor regulator activity, CAAX-protein geranylgeranyltransferase activity, drug binding, isoprenoid binding, peptide binding, zinc ion binding) and to localize in various compartments (cytoplasm, membrane, CAAX-protein geranylgeranyltransferase complex). Putative protein interactors have been described (ACVR1, CENPF, CHURC1ANDFNTB, GBP1, HRAS, KRAS, PTP4A2, PTP4A3, RHOB, TGFB1, TGFBR1).
Protein coding potential: 11 spliced mRNAs putatively encode good proteins, altogether 11 different isoforms (4 complete, 3 COOH complete, 4 partial), some containing Protein prenyltransferase alpha subunit repeat domain [Pfam], some transmembrane domains, a N-myristoylation domain, a coiled coil stretch [Psort2]. The remaining 6 mRNA variants (2 spliced, 4 unspliced; 4 partial) appear not to encode good proteins. Finally proteins from this gene may be modulated by phosphorylation; ubiquitination, as detailed at PhosphoSite.

Please quote: AceView: a comprehensive cDNA-supported gene and transcripts annotation, Genome Biology 2006, 7(Suppl 1):S12

Alternative mRNAs are shown aligned from 5' to 3' on a virtual genome where introns have been shrunk to a minimal length. Exon size is proportional to length, intron height reflects the number of cDNAs supporting each intron, the small numbers show the support of the introns in deep sequencing (with details in mouse-over) . Introns of the same color are identical, of different colors are different. 'Good proteins' are pink, partial or not-good proteins are yellow, uORFs are green. 5' cap or3' poly A flags show completeness of the transcript.
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