List of Species Demarcation Criteria in the Genus
No separate species are currently recognized in the genus Influenzavirus A. This genus is comprised of a cluster of strains that replicate as a continuous lineage and can genetically reassort with each other. Therefore, although 15 different HA subtypes and 9 different NA subtypes are recognized among influenzaviruses A replicating in birds, separate species designations have not been accorded to these subtypes. All isolates are capable of exchanging of RNA segments (reassortment).
List of Species in the Genus
The ICTVdB virus code and the viruses. Official virus species names are in italics. Tentative virus species
names, alternative names ( ), isolates, strains, serotypes, subspecies, or rejected names are not italicized.
Virus codes, virus names, genome sequence accession numbers [ ] and assigned abbreviations ( ), are:
Species, their serotypes, strains and isolates
00.046.0.01.001. | Influenza A virus |
| |
00.046.0.01.001.00.001. | Influenza A virus A/PR/8/34 (H1N1) | [J02144] | (FLUAVA/PR/8/34H1N1) |
00.046.0.01.001.00.001. | Influenza A virus A/PR/8/34 (H1N1) | [J02146] | |
00.046.0.01.001.00.001. | Influenza A virus A/PR/8/34 (H1N1) | [J02148] | |
00.046.0.01.001.00.001. | Influenza A virus A/PR/8/34 (H1N1) | [J02151] | |
00.046.0.01.001.00.001. | Influenza A virus A/PR/8/34 (H1N1) | [V00603] | |
00.046.0.01.001.00.001. | Influenza A virus A/PR/8/34 (H1N1) | [V01099] | |
00.046.0.01.001.00.001. | Influenza A virus A/PR/8/34 (H1N1) | [V01104] | |
00.046.0.01.001.00.001. | Influenza A virus A/PR/8/34 (H1N1) | [V01106] | |
No attempt has been made here to cite the accession numbers of the many sequences deposited in the EMBL (http://www.ebi.ac.uk/embl); Genbank (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/Genbank) and LANL (http://www.flu.lanl.gov) databases.
Tentative Species in the Genus
None reported.
List of Species Demarcation Criteria in the Genus
No separate species are currently recognized in the genus Influenzavirus B. This genus is comprised of a cluster of strains that replicate as a continuous lineage and can reassort genetically with each other. Although considerable antigenic and sequence differences exist among viruses in this genus, these differences are not sufficient for designation of separate species.
List of Species in the Genus
The ICTVdB virus code and the viruses. Official virus species names are in italics. Tentative virus species
names, alternative names ( ), isolates, strains, serotypes, subspecies, or rejected names are not italicized.
Virus codes, virus names, genome sequence accession numbers [ ] and assigned abbreviations ( ), are:
Species, their serotypes, strains and isolates
00.046.0.04.001. | Influenza B virus |
| |
00.046.0.04.001.00.001. | Influenza B virus B/LEE/40 | [J02094] | (FLUBVB/LEE/40) |
00.046.0.04.001.00.001. | Influenza B virus B/LEE/40 | [J02095] | |
00.046.0.04.001.00.001. | Influenza B virus B/LEE/40 | [J02096] | |
00.046.0.04.001.00.001. | Influenza B virus B/LEE/40 | [K00423] | |
00.046.0.04.001.00.001. | Influenza B virus B/LEE/40 | [K01395] | |
00.046.0.04.001.00.001. | Influenza B virus B/LEE/40 | [M20168] | |
00.046.0.04.001.00.001. | Influenza B virus B/LEE/40 | [M20170] | |
00.046.0.04.001.00.001. | Influenza B virus B/LEE/40 | [M20172] | |
No attempt has been made here to cite the accession numbers of the many sequences deposited in the EMBL (http://www.ebi.ac.uk/embl); Genbank (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/Genbank) and LANL (http://www.flu.lanl.gov) databases.
Tentative Species in the Genus
None reported.
List of Species Demarcation Criteria in the Genus
No separate species are currently recognized in the genus Influenzavirus C. This genus is comprised of a cluster of strains that replicate as a continuous lineage and can reassort genetically with each other. Although detectable antigenic and sequence differences exist among this genus, these differences are not sufficient for separate species designation.
List of Species in the Genus
The ICTVdB virus code and the viruses. Official virus species names are in italics. Tentative virus species
names, alternative names ( ), isolates, strains, serotypes, subspecies, or rejected names are not italicized.
Virus codes, virus names, genome sequence accession numbers [ ] and assigned abbreviations ( ), are:
Species, their serotypes, strains and isolates
00.046.0.02.001. | Influenza C virus |
| |
00.046.0.02.001.00.001. | Influenza C virus C/California/78 | [K01689] | (FLUCVC/California/78) |
00.046.0.02.001.00.001. | Influenza C virus C/California/78 | [M10087] | |
00.046.0.02.001.00.001. | Influenza C virus C/California/78 | [M17700] | |
No attempt has been made here to cite the accession numbers of the many sequences deposited in the EMBL (http://www.ebi.ac.uk/embl); Genbank (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/Genbank) and LANL (http://www.flu.lanl.gov) databases.
Tentative Species in the Genus
None reported.
List of Species Demarcation Criteria in the Genus
THOV has been isolated from Boophilis sp. and Rhipicephalus sp. ticks in Kenya and Sicily, from Amblyomma variegatum
ticks in Nigeria, and from Hyalomma sp. ticks in Nigeria and Egypt. THOV is known to infect humans in natural settings,
and serological evidence suggests that other animals (including cattle, sheep, donkeys, camels, buffaloes and rats) are also
susceptible to this virus. THOV has been isolated in the central African Republic, Cameroon, Uganda, and Ethiopia as well as
in southern Europe. DHOV has a somewhat different, but overlapping geographic distribution that includes India, eastern Russia,
Egypt, and southern Portugal. DHOV has been isolated from Hyalomma sp. ticks. As demonstrated by the accidental infection of
laboratory workers, DHOV is able to infect humans, causing a febrile illness and encephalitis. Serologic evidence suggests
that cattle, goats, camel, and waterfowl are also susceptible to this virus. There is no detectable serological reactivity
between THOV and DHOV and the structural differences (THOV has 6 RNA segments and DHOV has 7) and sequence diversity of 37%
and 31% in the nucleoprotein and the envelope protein, respectively, argues for separate species status. Batken virus
isolated from mosquitoes and ticks from Russia cross reacts serologically with DHOV and shares 98% identity in a portion
of the nucleoprotein and 90% identity in a portion of the envelope protein. These data suggest that Batken virus, although
isolated from mosquitoes and ticks, is closely related to DHOV.
List of Species in the Genus
The ICTVdB virus code and the viruses. Official virus species names are in italics. Tentative virus species
names, alternative names ( ), isolates, strains, serotypes, subspecies, or rejected names are not italicized.
Virus codes, virus names, genome sequence accession numbers [ ] and assigned abbreviations ( ), are:
Species, their serotypes, strains and isolates
00.046.0.03.002. | Dhori virus |
| |
00.046.0.03.002.00.001. | Batken virus | [X97338] | (BATV) |
00.046.0.03.002.00.001. | Batken virus | [X97339] | |
00.046.0.03.002.00.002. | Dhori virus | [M65866] | (DHOV) |
00.046.0.03.002.00.002. | Dhori virus | [M34002] | |
00.046.0.03.002.00.002. | Dhori virus | [M17435] | |
00.046.0.03.002.00.002. | Dhori virus | [M95567] | |
00.046.0.03.003. | Thogoto virus |
| |
00.046.0.03.003.00.001. | Thogoto virus | [D00540] | (THOV) |
00.046.0.03.003.00.001. | Thogoto virus | [M77280] | |
No attempt has been made here to cite the accession numbers of the many sequences deposited in the EMBL (http://www.ebi.ac.uk/embl); Genbank (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/Genbank) and LANL (http://www.flu.lanl.gov) databases.
Tentative Species in the Genus
None reported.
List of Species Demarcation Criteria in the Genus
Isavirus has been isolated from Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) in salmon farming areas in the Atlantic coasts of
Northern Europe and North America and from Coho salmon (Oncorhynchus kisutch) in Chile. Under experimental conditions,
ISAV may be transmitted to several other fish species. Disease caused by this virus has mainly been found in Atlantic salmon.
List of Species in the Genus
The ICTVdB virus code and the viruses. Official virus species names are in italics. Tentative virus species
names, alternative names ( ), isolates, strains, serotypes, subspecies, or rejected names are not italicized.
Virus codes, virus names, genome sequence accession numbers [ ] and assigned abbreviations ( ), are:
Species, their serotypes, strains and isolates
00.046.0.05.001. | Infectious salmon anemia virus |
| |
00.046.0.05.001.00.001. | Infectious salmon anemia virus | [AF220607] | (ISAV) |
00.046.0.05.001.00.001. | Infectious salmon anemia virus | [AY168787] | |
00.046.0.05.001.00.001. | Infectious salmon anemia virus | [AJ002475] | |
Tentative Species in the Genus
None reported.
List of Unassigned Viruses in the Family
None reported.
Similarity with other Taxa
Not reported.
Derivation of Names
Influenza: Italian form of Latin influentia, "epidemic", originally used because epidemics were thought to be
due to astrological or other occult "influences".
Isavirus: sigla from Infection salmon anemia virus.
Myxo: from Greek myxa, "mucus".
Ortho: from Greek orthos, "straight".
Thogoto: from Thogoto forest near Nairobi, Kenya, where Thogoto virus was first isolated from ticks.
References
Collated from VIIIth ICTV Report
Contributed by
Kawaoka Y., Cox, N.J., Haller, O., Hongo, S., Kaverin, N., Klenk, H.-D., Lamb, R.A., McCauley, J., Palese, P., Rimstad E. and Webster, R.G.
Cite this publication as: Index of Viruses - Orthomyxoviridae (2006). In: ICTVdB - The Universal Virus Database, version 4. Büchen-Osmond, C (Ed), Columbia University, New York, USA. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/ICTVdb/Ictv/fs_index.htm
Version 4 is based on Virus Taxonomy, Classification and Nomenclature of Viruses, 8th ICTV Report of the International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses. Fauquet, CM, Mayo, MA, Maniloff, J, Desselberger, U, and Ball, LA (EDS) (2005) Elsevier/Academic Press, pp. 1259.
Additional References
Reference List from the 8th ICTV Report
ICTVdB taxon description
ICTVdB Picture Gallery
References to sequence databases at GenBank and PubMed Central:
PubMed Central References;
nucleotide sequences;
complete genomes
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