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74.0.3.0.003 (23.0.1.0.003) Sweetclover necrotic mosaic virus

Table of Contents

Taxonomy

Original Source and History of Virus
Virion Properties


Morphology
Physicochemical and Physical Properties
Nucleic Acid
Proteins
Lipids
Carbohydrates

Genome Organization and Replication

Infectivity
Replication
Function of Helper and Satellite Viruses
Cytopathology

Antigenic Properties

Serological Relationships
Diagnosis

Biological Properties

Symptoms and Host Range
Transmission
Geographic Distribution
Ecology and Control
Diagnostic and Methods

Taxonomic Structure
General Comments
References
Data sources and Contributors
Related Databases
Additional Data Sources and Teaching aids

Taxonomy

Virus Code. 74.0.3.0.003 (23.0.1.0.003). Virus Accession number 74030003.htm (23010003.htm).
Synonym(s): clover sweet necrotic mosaic virus.
Approved acronym: SCNMV.

Virus infects plants.

Description is on taxonomic level of species. Virus is an approved species in the genus. Virus belongs to the genus Dianthovirus (VC 74.0.4. ); family Tombusviridae (VC 74. ).

Virus first reported in Melilotus officinalis. From Athabasca, Alberta, Canada. Reference(s): Hiruki et al. (1981).

Properties of Virion

Morphology

Virions not enveloped. Nucleocapsids isometric; with obvious regular surface structure (granular); 31-34 nm in diameter. Symmetry polyhedral. Nucleocapsids appear to be angular.

Physicochemical an Physical Properties

One sedimenting component in purified preparations. Sedimentation coefficient 126 S. A260/A280 ratio 1.8. TIP: 90 °C. DEP: log10 minus 6-7.

Nucleic Acid

Virions contain 20 % nucleic acid. Virions contain two segments of (RNA-1 and RNA-2) linear positive-sense single stranded RNA.

Total genome length is 5500 nt. Sequence database accession code(s):
L07884 Em(40)_vi:SCWFUSPRO Gb(84)_vi:SCWFUSPRO Sweet clover necrotic mosaic virus unidentified genes, three complete cds's including fusion
S46027 Em(40)_un:S46027 Gb(84)_vi:S46027 SC38P2=36.5 kda protein sweet clover necrotic mosaic virus SCNMV, strain 38, Genomic RNA Com
S46028 Em(40)_un:S46028 Gb(84)_vi:S46028 SC59P2=36.5 kda protein sweet clover necrotic mosaic virus SCNMV, strain 59, Genomic RNA Com 3 sequences. The largest segment 3900 nt (RNA-1); of second largest 1500 nt (RNA-2). NCBI Taxon ID: 28348. The 5' end of the genome has a cap. Cap sequence m7GpppA. 3' end has no poly (A) tract. Genome segments encapsidated each separately into different types of particles.

Proteins

Virions contain 80 % protein. One structural virion protein found. Protein size 38000 Da. Coat protein.

Lipids

Virions contain 0 % lipid.

Genome Organization and Replication

Genomic nucleic acid infectious.

Cytopathology. Virions found in all parts of the host plant; in cytoplasm. Inclusions present in infected cells. Inclusions are amorphous X-bodies.

Antigenic Properties

Serological Relationships

Virus(es) with serologically related virions: red clover necrotic mosaic virus (strains SW and E). Virus(es) with serologically unrelated virions: carnation ringspot viruses (distantly). They produce viable recombinants, but are considered to be different species (Hiruki, 1986).

Biological Properties

Symptoms and Host Range

Host of virus belongs to the Domain Eucarya. Host of virus belongs to the Kingdom Plantae.

Natural Host Range and Symptoms

Symptoms persist.


Melilotus albus, M. officinalis - chlorotic ringspots, then mottle, mosaic, leaf malformation, veinal necrosis especially during winter.

Experimental Host Range and Symptoms

Several (3-9) families susceptible.

Diagnostic, Propagational and Assay Host Range


Diagnostic host: susceptible host species and symptoms
Chenopodium amaranticolor, C. quinoa, Gomphrena globosa, Vicia faba - necrotic local lesions, not systemic.
Nicotiana clevelandii, N. glutinosa - systemic mosaic.
Phaseolus vulgaris cv Red Kidney - numerous chlorotic local lesions, irregular systemic necrosis and distortion.
Tetragonia tetragonioides - systemic mosaic.
Diagnostic host: insusceptible host species Petunia × hybrida.
Maintenance and propagation host species: Phaseolus vulgaris cv. Red Kidney.
Assay hosts (Local lesions or Whole plants) Chenopodium amaranticolor (L), Phaseolus vulgaris cv. Red Kidney (W).

Susceptible Hosts

Experimentally infected species susceptible to virus: Chenopodium amaranticolor, or Chenopodium quinoa, or Cucumis sativus, or Gomphrena globosa, or Melilotus albus, or Melilotus officinalis, or Nicotiana clevelandii, or Nicotiana glutinosa, or Nicotiana tabacum, or Phaseolus vulgaris, or Pisum sativum, or Tetragonia tetragonioides, or Trifolium pratense, or Vicia faba, or Vigna unguiculata.

Insusceptible Hosts

Species inoculated with virus, but tested not to be susceptible: Beta vulgaris, or Datura stramonium, or Lathyrus odoratus, or Lycopersicon esculentum, or Medicago sativa, or Petroselinum crispum, or Petunia × hybrida, or Trifolium hybridum, or Trifolium repens, or Zinnia elegans.

Families containing susceptible hosts: Amaranthaceae (1/1), or Chenopodiaceae (2/3), or Cucurbitaceae (1/1), or Leguminosae-Papilionoideae (7/11), or Solanaceae (3/6), or Tetragoniaceae (1/1).

Families containing insusceptible hosts: Chenopodiaceae (1/3), or Compositae (1/1), or Leguminosae-Papilionoideae (4/11), or Solanaceae (3/6), or Umbelliferae (1/1).

Sources of host-range data: Hiruki et al. (1984).

Transmission

Virus transmitted by mechanical inoculation.

Geographic Distribution

Spreads in Canada.

Diagnostic and Methods

Method: Hiruki et al. (1984).

References

Hiruki, C. (1986). AAB/CMI Descr. Pl. Viruses, No. 321, 4pp.
Hiruki, C., Okuno, T., Rao, D.V. and Chen, M.H. (1981). Abstr. 5th Int. Cong. Virol. Strasbourg, France, W22/08, p.235.
Hiruki, C., Rao, D.V., Chen, M.H., Okuno, T. and Figueiredo, G. (1984). Phytopathology 74: 482.
Hiruki, C., Rao, D.V., Furuya, Y. and Figueiredo, G. (1983). J. gen. Virol.

Okuna, T., Hiruki, C., Rao, D.V. and Figueiredo, G. (1983). J. gen. Virol. 64: 1907.
Rao, D.V. and Hiruki, C. (1985a). Plant Dis. 69: 610.
Rao, D.V. and Hiruki, C. (1985b). Plant Dis. 69: 959.

The following references are cited in the ICTV Report : rf_diant.htm.

Data sources and contributors.

Presented data have been collated for the plant virus database VIDEdB by K. Boswell, 1985. The above description has been compiled from the data presented in the Sixth ICTV Report by Lommel SA.

The description has been generated automatically from DELTA files.

ICTVdB - The Universal Virus Database, developed for the International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses (ICTV) by Dr Cornelia Büchen-Osmond, is written in DELTA. The virus descriptions in ICTVdB are coded by ICTV members and experts, or by the ICTVdB Management using data provided by the experts, the literature or the latest ICTV Report. The character list is the underlying code. All virus descriptions are based on the character list and natural language translations from the encoded descriptions are automatically generated and formatted for display on the Web.

Developer of the DELTA software: M. J. Dallwitz, T. Paine and E. Zurcher

ICTVdB and DELTA related References

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Last updated: 15 June 2004 by Cornelia Büchen-Osmond
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