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Descriptions are generated automatically from the ICTVdB database including links. Some descriptions are only very basic and links may point to documents that are not yet published on the Web.

02.054.0.03.001. Enterobacteria phage P22

Cite this publication as: ICTVdB Management (2006). 02.054.0.03.001. Enterobacteria phage P22. In: ICTVdB - The Universal Virus Database, version 4. Büchen-Osmond, C. (Ed), Columbia University, New York, USA

Cite this site as: ICTVdB - The Universal Virus Database, version 4. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/ICTVdb/ICTVdB/

Table of Contents

Classification

This is a description of a bacterial virus at the species level.

ICTVdB Virus Code: 02.054.0.03.001. Virus accession number: 54003001. Obsolete virus code: 54.0.3.0.001; superceded accession number: 54030001.
NCBI Taxon Identifier NCBI Taxonomy ID: 10754.

Name, Synonyms and Lineage

ICTV approved acronym: P22. Virus is the type of the genus 02.054.0.03. "P22-like viruses"; family 02.054. Podoviridae; order 02. Caudovirales.

Virion Properties

Morphology

Phages consist of a head and a tail and are not enveloped. Phage has a head with icosahedral symmetry and a tail with helical symmetry and exhibits icosahedral symmetry (T=7). The head is isometric and has a diameter of 60 nm. Head appear hexagonal in outline and consists of 72 capsomers. The tail is straight, short and thick, non-contractile rod built of stacked disks that is not banded and has a length of 17 nm and a width of 6 nm. The tail has 6 short, subterminal fibers.


































Adittional electron micrograph of Podoviridae.

Physicochemical and Physical Properties

The molecular mass (Mr) of virions is about 48 x 106. Virions have a buoyant density in CsCl of 1.506 g cm-3. The sedimentation coefficient is 510 S20w. Virions are not sensitive to treatment with ether and chloroform.

Nucleic Acid

The Mr of the genome constitutes 50% of the virion by weight. The genome is not segmented and contains a single molecule of linear double-stranded DNA. The DNA is fully sequenced. Complete sequence is 41724 nucleotides long. Sequence has the accession number [AF217253]. The genome has a guanine + cytosine content of 50 %. Double stranded DNA is non-permuted. The genome has terminally redundant sequences.

GenBank records for nucleotide sequences; complete genome sequences.

Proteins

Proteins constitute about 50% of the particle weight.

The viral genome encodes structural proteins and non-structural proteins. Virions consist of at least 9 structural protein(s) located in the capsid.

Structural Proteins: Capsid protein head protein. Capsid protein has a molecular mass of 38000 Da with 460 copies per virion.

Non-Structural Proteins: In addition to the polymerase, the virus codes for enzymes such as adenylated transferase (B type DNA polymerase and RNA polymerase, 3 internal protein(s) (located inside the head).

Lipids

Lipids are not reported.

Carbohydrates

Carbohydrates have not been reported.

Genome map: GenBank.

Genome Organization and Replication

Phages are adsorbed tail first to specific receptors located on the cell wall and enter host cells by digestion with lysozyme.

The process of intracellular uncoating of virions is understood. Virus uncoating occurs in the cytoplasm.

Infection and Replication: Although severity of illness depends on route and dose, the majority of infections are virulent. Viral DNA entering the nucleus remains linear. Infecting genome integrates into the host genome. The host chromosome; degenerates.

Transcription: The virus codes for about 55 gene(s). Virus transcription is temporally regulated; 2 classes of genes recognized; they are termed early and late. Genes with related functions are clustered together.

Translation: Genome replication is bidirectional. During bidirectional replication transcription phase DNA forms concatamers. Genome replication occurs by a semi-conservative.

Replication cycle Viral proteins accumulate in the cytoplasm; are associated with the perinuclear space (periphery of nucleoplasm). Virions accumulate in the cell cytoplasm.

Assembly and Egress: Head proteins assemble with the viral DNA inside after genome has been cut into size to form the provirions (preformed capsids). Viruses assemble in the perinuclear space.

Maturation: In thin sections the mature virus is can be seen in crystalline arrays.

Release: Virus is released from host cell upon death by lysis.

Biological Properties

Natural Host

Domain
Viral hosts belong to the Domain Bacteria.

Domain Bacteria
Phylum Proteobacteria.

References

The following generic references are cited in the most recent ICTV Report.

PubMed References.

Images

Taxon images: • EM by Hans Ackermann, Laval University, Quebec.



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DELTA - DEscription Language for TAxonomy developed by Dr Mike Dallwitz, Toni Paine and Eric Zurcher, CSIRO Entomology, Canberra, Australia. ICTVdB - The Universal Virus Database, developed for the International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses by Dr Cornelia Büchen-Osmond is written in DELTA. The virus descriptions in ICTVdB are coded by, or using data from experts in the field of virology or members ICTV. The character list is the underlying code. All virus descriptions are based on the character list and natural language translations are automatically generated and formatted for display on the Web from the descriptions in DELTA-format. The description has been generated automatically from DELTA files. DELTA - DEscription Language for TAxonomy developed by Dr Mike Dallwitz, Toni Paine and Eric Zurcher, CSIRO Entomology, Canberra, Australia.

ICTVdB - The Universal Virus Database, developed for the International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses (ICTV) by Dr Cornelia Büchen-Osmond, is written in DELTA. The virus descriptions in ICTVdB are coded by ICTV members and experts, or by the ICTVdB Management using data provided by the experts, the literature or the latest ICTV Report. The character list is the underlying code. All virus descriptions are based on the character list and natural language translations from the encoded descriptions are automatically generated and formatted for display on the Web.

Developer of the DELTA software: M. J. Dallwitz, T. Paine and E. Zurcher

ICTVdB and DELTA related References

Comments to ICTVdB Management
Last updated on 25 April 2006 by Cornelia Büchen-Osmond
Copyright © 2002    International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses.    All rights reserved.


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