[Home] [ICTV Taxonomy - Index of Viruses] [Virus Descriptions] [Character List] [Picture Gallery]
[Tutorial] [Online Data Retrieval & Identification] [Virus Isolate Registration & Submission] [Search]
Descriptions are generated automatically from the ICTVdB database including links. Some descriptions are only very basic and links may point to documents that are not yet published on the Web.

01.062.0.05.003.00.002. Pittosporum vein yellowing virus

Cite this publication as: ICTVdB Management (2006). 01.062.0.05.003.00.002. Pittosporum vein yellowing virus. In: ICTVdB - The Universal Virus Database, version 4. Büchen-Osmond, C. (Ed), Columbia University, New York, USA

Cite this site as: ICTVdB - The Universal Virus Database, version 4. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/ICTVdb/ICTVdB/

Table of Contents

Isolate Description

Location: Liguria; Italy.

Host of Isolate and Habitat Details
Source of isolate: Pittosporum tobira.

Natural host and symptoms
Pittosporum tobira — clearing and chlorotic banding of major leaf veins.

Lycopersicon esculentum — stunting, vein yellowing and curling of leaves, yellow spots on fruit.

Solanum melongena — stunting, vein yellowing, leaf mottling and crinkling, fruit malformation and size reductions.

Hibiscus rosa-sinensis, Lonicera sp. — vein yellowing.

Solanum sodomaeum — severe mosaic.

Reference to Isolation Report
Corte (1957).

Classification

This is a description of a plant virus at the strain level with data on all virus properties from morphology to genome, replication, antigenicity and biological properties.

ICTVdB Virus Code: 01.062.0.05.003.00.002. Virus accession number: 62005032. Obsolete virus code: 62.0.5.0.031; superceded accession number: 62050031.

Name, Synonyms and Lineage

Synonym(s): pittosporum vein clearing virus (Pl sic et al., 1976, 1978; Rana and Di Franco, 1979, 1980), tomato vein yellowing virus, eggplant mottled dwarf virus. ICTV approved acronym: PVYV of the genus Nucleorhabdovirus in the family 01.062. Rhabdoviridae; order 01. Mononegavirales.

Virion Properties

Morphology

Virions consist of an envelope and a nucleocapsid. Virus capsid is enveloped. Virions are bullet-shaped. Virions measure 80-96 nm in diameter; 95-310 nm in length. Capsid/nucleocapsid is elongated with helical symmetry. The nucleocapsid is uncoiled filamentous, or cylindrical (coiled). Axial canal is distinct; 30 nm in diameter. Basic helix is obvious. Pitch of helix is 4-5 nm.

Electron microscopic preparation and references: Virus preparation contains few virions. Reference for electron microscopic methods: at present, no good purification method is known. However, good results were obtained for the TVYV and EMDV isolates using the procedures described by El Maataoui et al. (1985). and Adam et al. (1987).

Physicochemical and Physical Properties

The thermal inactivation point (TIP) is at 50-55°C. The longevity in vitro (LIV) is 0.12 days (2 hours at about 18°C). Although the titer is dependent on the host, the decimal exponent (DEX) of the dilution end point is usually around 2-3.

Nucleic Acid

The genome is not segmented and contains a single molecule of linear single-stranded RNA.

Proteins

The viral genome encodes structural proteins and non-structural proteins. Virions consist of 4 structural protein(s).

Structural Proteins: Reference to method of preparation: Laemmli (1970, Adam et al. (1987).

Reference to amino acid sequence or composition Adam et al. (1987).

Lipids

Lipids are present. The lipids are of host origin.

Replication cycle Virions accumulate in the cell nucleus.

Antigenicity

The virus is serologically related to tomato vein yellowing and eggplant mottled dwarf viruses (Adam et al., 1987; Martelli and Cherif, 1987; Camele et al., 1991). The virus does not show serological relationships to cynara virus.

Pittosporum vein clearing virus is very closely related, if not identical, to a Moroccan isolate of TVYV (=EMDV) (Camele et al., 1991).

Diagnostics and Reference Collections

The best tests for diagnosis are

1) sap inoculation of Nicotiana benthamiana using fresh young infected leaves of Pittosporum tobira as inoculum (Rana and Di Franco, 1979).

2) Inoculate Cucurbita pepo to distinguish from cucumber mosaic virus which also infects Pittosporum (Rana, 1980).

3) Gel diffusion tests using sap of infected Nicotiana benthamiana (Camele et al., 1991; Adam et al., 1987).

Biological Properties

Natural Host

Domain
Viral hosts belong to the Domain Eucarya.

Domain Eucarya
Kingdom Plantae.

Kingdom Plantae
Phylum Magnoliophyta (Angiosperms, Class Magnoliopsida (Dicotyledonae).

General Symptoms in Plants Symptoms stunting, bushy appearance, vein yellowing and mottling, fruit malformation and size reduction.

Severity and Occurrence of Disease

Host: Signs and symptoms persist and vary seasonally.

Transmission and Vector Relationships

Virus is transmitted by mechanical inoculation; transmitted by grafting; transmitted by contact between hosts; not transmitted by seeds; transmitted by pollen to the seed.

Vector Transmission: Virus is not transmitted by Myzus persicae, Aphis fabae, Aphis spiraecola, Toxoptera aurantium, Aphis gossypii, Macrosiphum ssp. (Rana and Di Franco, 1979; El Maataoui et al., 1985).

Experimental Hosts and Symptoms

Under experimental conditions susceptibility to infection by virus is found in few families. Susceptible host species are found in the Family Amaranthaceae, Caprifoliaceae, Chenopodiaceae, Malvaceae, Pittosporaceae, Solanaceae. The following species were susceptible to experimental virus infection: Capsicum annuum, Chenopodium amaranticolor, Chenopodium quinoa, Datura metel, Datura stramonium, Gomphrena globosa, Hibiscus rosa-sinensis, Lonicera, Lycopersicon esculentum, Lycopersicon pimpinellifolium, Nicotiana alata, Nicotiana benthamiana, Nicotiana cavicola, Nicotiana clevelandii, Nicotiana debneyi, Nicotiana glauca, Nicotiana glutinosa, Nicotiana langsdorffii, Nicotiana megalosiphon, Nicotiana occidentalis, Nicotiana rustica, Nicotiana tabacum, Petunia x hybrida, Physalis floridana, Physalis ixocarpa, Pittosporum tobira, Solanum melongena, Solanum nigrum, Solanum sodomaeum.

Host:
Experimentally infected hosts mainly show symptoms of chlorotic local lesions, followed by systemic vein-clearing, leaf curling, veinal necrosis, leaf blade, malformation, mottle, top necrosis.

Experimentally infected insusceptible Hosts: Families containing insusceptible hosts: Amaranthaceae, Cucurbitaceae, or Leguminosae-Papilionoideae, Solanaceae. Species inoculated with virus that do not show signs of susceptibility: Anagyris foetida, Celosia cristata, Cucumis sativus, Cucurbita pepo, Phaseolus vulgaris, Solanum tuberosum, Vigna radiata.

Diagnostic Hosts

Diagnostic host species and symptoms:

Capsicum annuum — systemic vein-clearing and leaf curling.

Chenopodium amaranticolor — systemic vein clearing and leaf malformations.

Gomphrena globosa, Datura stramonium — chlorotic or necrotic local lesions; not systemic.

Nicotiana ssp. — chlorotic local lesions; systemic vein-clearing and often veinal necrosis and death of plants.

Lycopersicon esculentum — systemic vein clearing and leaf curling.

Diagnostic host: insusceptible host species Anagyris foetida, Cucumis sativus, Cucurbita pepo, Celosia cristata, Phaseolus vulgaris, Solanum tuberosum, Vigna radiata.

Maintenance and Propagation Hosts

Most commonly used maintenance and propagation host species are Lycopersicon esculentum, Nicotiana alata, N. benthamiana, N. clevelandii, N. debneyi, N. glutinosa, N. rustica, N. tabacum cv. White Burley.

Assay Hosts

Host: Assay hosts (for Local lesions or Whole plants):
Gomphrena globosa (L), Nicotiana glutinosa (L and W), Nicotiana benthamiana (L and W), N. rustica (L and W), N. alata (W), N. clevelandii (W), Solanum melongena (W).

References to host data: Rana and Di Franco (1979, El Maataoui et al. (1985, Camele et al. (1991).

Histopathology: Virus can be best detected in leaves, vascular parenchyma and flowers of the eggplant isolate (Russo and Martelli, 1972). Virions are found in the cytoplasm and perinuclear space.

Cytopathology: Inclusions are not present in infected cells. Other cellular changes include less dense nuclei and nucleoli. Perinuclear gaps between the lamellae of the nuclear envelope. Cell wall protrusions contain unusually long virus virions.

Geographical Distribution

The virus occurs in Italy. The virus is found, but with no evidence of proliferation, in Yugoslavia and Libya.

References

Adam, G., Gnagas, C.M. and Lesemann, D.-E. (1987). Phytopathology 120: 31.

Camele, I., Nuzzaci, M., Rana, G.L., Lafortezza, R., De Stradis, A, Pace, G. and Palumbo, M. (1991). Inform. PAT Agrario.

Corte, A (1957). Riv. Ortoflorofruitticol. Ital. 41: 97.

Di Franco, A, Russo, M. and Martelli, G.P. (1980). J. gen. Virol. 49: 209.

El Maataoui, M. and Lockhart, B.E.L. (1982). Phytopathology 72: 478.

El Maataoui, M., Lockhart, B.E.L. and Lesemann, D.-E. (1985). Phytopathology 75: 109.

Horváth, J. (1973). Acta bot. CroAT 32: 25.

Laemmli, U.K. (1970). Nature, Lond. 227: 680.

Lockhart, B.E.L. (1987). Plant Dis. 71: 731.

Martelli, G.P. and Cirulli, M. (1969). Annls. Phytopath. 1: 393.

Martelli, G.P. and Cherif, C. (1987). J. Phytopath. 119: 32.

MilicHicH, D. (1977). Proc. 8th Conf. Czech. Pl. Virol., Bratislava.

Plavsic, B., Corte, A and MilicHicH, D. (1976). Phytopathol. Medit. 15: 115.

Plavsic, B., MilicHicH, D. and Eric, Z. (1976). Phytopath. Z. 86: 225.

Plavsic, B., MilicHicH, D. and Eric, Z. (1978). Phytopath. Z. 91: 67.

Rana, G.L. (1980). Inf. tore Fitopatol. 30(4): 7.

Rana, G.L. and Di Franco, A (1979). Phytopathol. Medit. 18: 48.

Rana, G.L. and Di Franco, A (1980). Acta Hort. 110: 191.

Russo, M. and Martelli, G.P. (1972). Phytopathol. Medit. 11: 136.

VIDEdB, the plant virus database developed at the Australian National University by Adrian J. Gibbs and collaborators, contains an earlier description with the number 619 by A.A. Brunt and G.L. Rana, 1991.



Limit search to: Title & Body Title Document Path
Show Reverse Sort

DELTA - DEscription Language for TAxonomy developed by Dr Mike Dallwitz, Toni Paine and Eric Zurcher, CSIRO Entomology, Canberra, Australia. ICTVdB - The Universal Virus Database, developed for the International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses by Dr Cornelia Büchen-Osmond is written in DELTA. The virus descriptions in ICTVdB are coded by, or using data from experts in the field of virology or members ICTV. The character list is the underlying code. All virus descriptions are based on the character list and natural language translations are automatically generated and formatted for display on the Web from the descriptions in DELTA-format. The description has been generated automatically from DELTA files. DELTA - DEscription Language for TAxonomy developed by Dr Mike Dallwitz, Toni Paine and Eric Zurcher, CSIRO Entomology, Canberra, Australia.

ICTVdB - The Universal Virus Database, developed for the International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses (ICTV) by Dr Cornelia Büchen-Osmond, is written in DELTA. The virus descriptions in ICTVdB are coded by ICTV members and experts, or by the ICTVdB Management using data provided by the experts, the literature or the latest ICTV Report. The character list is the underlying code. All virus descriptions are based on the character list and natural language translations from the encoded descriptions are automatically generated and formatted for display on the Web.

Developer of the DELTA software: M. J. Dallwitz, T. Paine and E. Zurcher

ICTVdB and DELTA related References

Comments to ICTVdB Management
Last updated on 25 April 2006 by Cornelia Büchen-Osmond
Copyright © 2002    International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses.    All rights reserved.


Additional access points to virus species lists, descriptions and images on the web:

Species catalogue                     iSpecies.org - a species search engine           a species search engine

Google Analytics      Google Analytics: activity view