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Descriptions are generated automatically from the ICTVdB database including links. Some descriptions are only very basic and links may point to documents that are not yet published on the Web.

00.078.0.01.006.00.001. Lettuce speckles mottle virus, type isolate

Cite this publication as: ICTVdB Management (2005). 00.078.0.01.006.00.001. Lettuce speckles mottle virus, type isolate. In: ICTVdB - The Universal Virus Database, version 3. Büchen-Osmond, C. (Ed), ICTVdB Management, Columbia University, New York, USA

Cite this site as: ICTVdB - The Universal Virus Database, version 3. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/ICTVdb/ICTVdB/

Isolation Details

Location: the United States of America.
Source of isolate: Beta vulgaris, Lactuca sativa, Spinacia oleracea.
Beta vulgaris, Lactuca sativa, Spinacia oleracea — in mixed infections, the virus enhances the symptoms induced by beet western yellows virus; the outer leaves of infected plants, especially those of lettuce, develop numerous angular chlorotic spots to produce the so-called speckles disease. Symptoms of the complex become less conspicuous as ambient temperatures rise. Comments on host and host range: the host range of the virus is wider when viruliferous aphids are used to infect plants.
Reference: Falk et al. (1978; 1979).

Classification

This is a description of a plant virus at the strain/isolate level.

ICTVdB Virus Code: 00.078.0.01.006.00.001. Virus accession number: 78001006.

Name, Synonyms and Lineage

ICTV approved acronym: LSMV. Virus is assigned to the species 00.078.0.01.006. Lettuce speckles mottle virus of the genus 00.078.0.01. Umbravirus; not assigned to a family.

Virion Properties

Enveloped structures occur in vacuoles of infected cells, but no conventional virus structure have been found. Particles contain nucleic acid, but nucleic acid is not encapsidated and virus relies on the coat protein (CP) of a helper virus, characteristically from a virus in the family Luteoviridae, for encapisdation and for transmission by the vector of the helper virus.

Morphology

Virions have no true particles and consist of a nucleoprotein complex. During their life cycle, virions have not been observed outside a cellular environment. Virus nucleoprotein complex is found in membranous vesicles.

Physicochemical and Physical Properties

The longevity in vitro (LIV) is 2 days (but twice as long in sap from plants also infected with beet yellows virus).

Nucleic Acid

Genome consists of one segment of linear positive-sense single-stranded RNA.

Proteins

The viral genome encodes prehaps structural proteins and non-structural proteins, or structural proteins.

Lipids

Lipids are present and are located in the vesicles encapsidating the viral nucleic acid.

Biological Properties

Natural Host Range

Viral hosts belong to the Domain Eucarya.

Domain Eucarya Kingdom Plantae.

Kingdom Plantae Phylum Magnoliophyta (Angiosperms); Class Magnoliopsida (Dicotyledonae).

Class Magnoliopsida (Dicotyledonae) Subclass ASTERIDAE; Order Asterales.

General Symptoms in Plants Virus affects the photosynthetic system. Symptoms are expressed in the leaf which include chlorosis. Symptoms in leaves include development of patterns or markings that are visible in the intercostal regions showing chlorosis. Leaves with mottle and flecking produce blotchy mottles.

Severity and Occurrence of Disease

Host 1: Signs and symptoms vary seasonally.

Transmission and Vector Relationships

Virus is transmitted by a vector. Virus is transmitted by mechanical inoculation.

Vector Transmission: Virus is transmitted by arthropods (insects) of the order Hemiptera, family Aphididae; Acyrthosiphon (Aulacorthum) solani, Brevicoryne brassicae, Myzus persicae. The principal natural vector(s) are Myzus persicae. Virus is transmitted in a persistent manner; requires, for vector transmission, a helper virus (beet western yellows virus).

Experimental Hosts and Symptoms

Under experimental conditions susceptibility to infection by virus is found in several families. Susceptible host species are found in the Family Chenopodiaceae, or Compositae, or Cruciferae, or Solanaceae.

The following species were susceptible to experimental virus infection: Beta vulgaris, Brassica campestris ssp. napus, Capsella bursa-pastoris, Chenopodium capitatum, Chenopodium murale, Chenopodium quinoa, or Hyoscyamus niger, Lactuca sativa, Nicotiana clevelandii, Nicotiana glutinosa, Nicotiana glutinosa x N. clevelandii, Physalis floridana, Spinacia oleracea.

Experimentally infected insusceptible Hosts: Families containing insusceptible hosts: Amaranthaceae, or Chenopodiaceae, or Compositae, or Cruciferae, or Solanaceae, or Umbelliferae. Species inoculated with virus that do not show signs of susceptibility: Apium graveolens, Beta macrocarpa, Brassica campestris ssp. pekinensis, or Brassica juncea, Chenopodium amaranticolor, Cichorium endiva, Conium maculatum, Coriandrum sativum, or Datura stramonium, Daucus carota, Gomphrena globosa, or Lycopersicon esculentum, Nicandra physalodes, or Nicotiana tabacum, Petunia x hybrida, Raphanus sativus, Sonchus oleraceus.

Diagnostic Hosts

Diagnostic host species and symptoms:

Beta vulgaris, Spinacia oleracea, Nicotiana glutinosa, Physalis floridana — no conspicuous systemic infection.

Chenopodium quinoa — local lesions.

Nicotiana clevelandii — faint interveinal chlorotic spotting of systemically infected leaves (especially under cool shady conditions). Diagnostic host: insusceptible host species Beta macrocarpa, Chenopodium amaranticolor, Datura stramonium, Nicotiana tabacum, Petunia x hybrida.

Maintenance and Propagation Hosts

Most commonly used maintenance and propagation host species are Lactuca sativa, Nicotiana clevelandii.

Assay Hosts

Host 1: Assay hosts (for Local lesions or Whole plants):
Chenopodium quinoa (L), Nicotiana clevelandii (W).

References to host range data: Falk et al. (1979).

Geographical Distribution

The virus occurs in the United States of America (California).

Comments

The virus probably lacks a functional coat protein and, in mixed infections, is probably encapsidated in that of beet western yellow virus (its helper virus). It thus resembles carrot mottle, groundnut rosette, tobacco mottle and tobacco yellow vein viruses.

References

Falk, B.W., Morris, TJ and Duffus, JE (1978). Proc. Am. Phytopath. Soc. 5: 97.

Falk, B.W., Duffus, JE and Morris, TJ (1977). Phytopathology 69: 612.

VIDEdB, the plant virus database developed at the Australian National University, contains an earlier description of this virus A.A. Brunt, 1992.

Additional References

ICTVdB species list
ICTVdB Genus description
ICTV References
ICTVdB Picture Gallery

References to sequence databases at GenBank and PubMed Central:
PubMed Central References; nucleotide sequences; complete genomes

The description has been generated automatically from DELTA files.

ICTVdB - The Universal Virus Database, developed for the International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses (ICTV) by Dr Cornelia Büchen-Osmond, is written in DELTA. The virus descriptions in ICTVdB are coded by ICTV members and experts, or by the ICTVdB Management using data provided by the experts, the literature or the latest ICTV Report. The character list is the underlying code. All virus descriptions are based on the character list and natural language translations from the encoded descriptions are automatically generated and formatted for display on the Web.

Developer of the DELTA software: M. J. Dallwitz, T. Paine and E. Zurcher

ICTVdB and DELTA related References

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