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00.077.0.02. Marafivirus

Cite this publication as: ICTVdB Management (2006). 00.077.0.02. Marafivirus. In: ICTVdB - The Universal Virus Database, version 4. Büchen-Osmond, C. (Ed), Columbia University, New York, USA

Cite this site as: ICTVdB - The Universal Virus Database, version 4. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/ICTVdb/ICTVdB/

Table of Contents

Classification

This is a description of a plant virus at the genus level.

ICTVdB Virus Code: 00.077.0.02. Virus accession number: 077002GE. Obsolete virus code: 00.041.0.01.; 41.0.1.; superceded accession number: 041001GE; 41010000.
NCBI Taxonomy Identifier Taxon ID: 12051.

Name, Synonyms and Lineage

Synonym(s): Maize rayado fino virus group. Virus is of the family 00.077. Tymoviridae.

Virion Properties

Morphology

Virions consist of a capsid. Virus capsid is not enveloped, round with icosahedral symmetry. The isometric capsid has a diameter of 28-30.16-33 nm. Capsids appear round. The capsomer arrangement is clearly visible. Virus preparations contain more than one particle component.

Incomplete particles are common. They are devoid of nucleic acid characterized by capsids with dark centers in negative stain preparations.

Electron microscopic preparation and references: Virus preparation contains few virions, or many virions.

Physicochemical and Physical Properties

Virions have a buoyant density in CsCl of 1.28-1.367-1.46 g cm-3. There are 2 sedimenting component(s) found in purified preparations, or 3 sedimenting component(s) found in purified preparations. The sedimentation coefficient is 119-119.3-120 S20w; of the other(s) are 54-55.5-57 S20w. A260/A280 ratio is 0.87-1.353-1.63. The thermal inactivation point (TIP) is at 60-63.75-70°C. The longevity in vitro (LIV) is 3-13.75-32 days. Although the titer is dependent on the host, the decimal exponent (DEX) of the dilution end point is usually around 5.

Nucleic Acid

The Mr of the genome constitutes 25-30% of the virion by weight (in B type particles). The genome is monopartite, only one particle size is recovered, linear, positive-sense, single-stranded RNA. The complete genome is 6700-6980-7500 nucleotides long, is sequenced, complete sequence is about 6700-6980-7500 nucleotides long. The 3'-terminus has a subgenomic promoter, a conserved region known as "tymobox".

GenBank records for nucleotide sequences; complete genome sequences.

Proteins

Proteins constitute about 67% of the particle weight.

The viral genome encodes structural proteins and non-structural proteins. Virions consist of 1 or 2 structural proteins located in the capsid.

Structural Proteins: Capsid protein has a molecular mass of 21000-27000 Da, or 21000 and 24000 Da; has been sequenced and a function assigned; is the coat protein. Capsid protein has a molecular mass of 24 kDa; is forming the nucleocapsid.

Non-Structural Proteins: Virus-coded non-structural proteins have been identified by sequence analysis and 2 non-structural protein(s) are found.

Lipids

Lipids are not reported.

Genome Organization and Replication

By itself, genomic nucleic acid is infectious.

Biological Properties

Natural Host

Domain
Viral hosts belong to the Domain Eucarya.

Domain Eucarya
Kingdom Plantae.

Kingdom Plantae
Phylum Magnoliophyta (Angiosperms, Class Magnoliopsida (Dicotyledonae) and Liliopsida (Monocotyledonae).

Class Magnoliopsida (Dicotyledonae)
Subclass ROSIDAE.

General Symptoms in Plants Virus affects the vascular system and photosynthetic system. Symptoms are expressed in the leaf.

Severity and Occurrence of Disease

Host: Signs and symptoms persist, or vary seasonally.

Transmission and Vector Relationships

Virus is transmitted by a vector. Virus is not transmitted by mechanical inoculation; not transmitted by grafting; not transmitted by contact between hosts; not transmitted by seeds; not transmitted by pollen.

Vector Transmission:
Virus is transmitted by arthropods, by insects of the order Hemiptera, family Cicadellidae. Virus is transmitted in a persistent manner; retained when the vector moults; replicates in the vector.

Experimental Hosts and Symptoms

Under experimental conditions susceptibility to infection by virus is found in several families, few families. Susceptible host species are found in the Family Caryophyllaceae, Chenopodiaceae, Compositae, Cruciferae, Gramineae, Linaceae, Umbelliferae. The following species were susceptible to experimental virus infection: Avena fatua, Avena sativa, Bromus inermis, Centaurea cyanus, Chrysanthemum morifolium, Cichorium endiva, Cynodon dactylon, Daucus carota, Festuca arundinacea, Gaillardia aristata, Hordeum jubatum, Hordeum vulgare, Linum grandiflorum, Linum usitatissimum, Secale cereale, Sinapis arvensis, Sorghum bicolor, Sorghum halepense, Spinacia oleracea, Stellaria media, Thlaspi arvense, Triticum aestivum, Triticum durum, Zea mays, Zea mays ssp. mays, Zea mays ssp. mexicana.

Experimentally infected insusceptible Hosts: Families containing insusceptible hosts: Amaranthaceae, Caryophyllaceae, or Chenopodiaceae, Compositae, Cruciferae, Cucurbitaceae, Gramineae, or Leguminosae-Papilionoideae, Polygonaceae, Solanaceae, Umbelliferae. Species inoculated with virus that do not show signs of susceptibility: Agrostis alba, Amaranthus retroflexus, Apium graveolens, Beta vulgaris, Brassica campestris, Brassica campestris ssp. napus, Brassica oleracea var. botrytis, Brassica oleracea var. capitata, Calendula officinalis, Callistephus chinensis, Capsicum frutescens, Carthamus tinctorius, Chenopodium album, Cucumis sativus, Dianthus barbatus, Echinochloa crus-galli, Elytrigia repens, Fagopyrum esculentum, Helianthus annuus, Hordeum vulgare, Lactuca sativa, Lolium perenne, Lycopersicon esculentum, Melilotus albus, Nicotiana rustica, Panicum dichotomiflorum, Pastinaca sativa, Petroselinum crispum, Petunia x hybrida, Phalaris arundinacea, Phaseolus vulgaris, Raphanus sativus, Saccharum officinarum, Secale cereale, Senecio vulgaris, Setaria viridis, Solanum melongena, Trifolium pratense, Vicia sativa, Zea mays, Zinnia elegans.

Histopathology: Virions are found in the cytoplasm, or cell vacuole.

Cytopathology: Inclusions are present in infected cells, or not present in infected cells. Inclusion bodies in the host cell are found in the cytoplasm. Cytoplasmic inclusions are crystals, or membranous bodies, or viroplasma. Inclusions contain mature virions.

Geographical Distribution

The virus occurs in Argentina, or Brazil, or Canada, or Colombia, or Costa Rica, or Finland, or Mexico, or Morocco, or Peru, or Sweden, or the United States of America, or Venezuela.

Taxonomic Structure of the Genus

Type species 00.077.0.02.001. Maize rayado fino virus .

Species in the Genus

List of Species in the Genus.

Data Sources and Contributions

The description has been compiled from data in the ICTV Report presented by Tomaru K, Toriyama S, Gingery RE, Gamez RA.

References

The following generic references are cited in the most recent ICTV Report.

PubMed References.



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DELTA - DEscription Language for TAxonomy developed by Dr Mike Dallwitz, Toni Paine and Eric Zurcher, CSIRO Entomology, Canberra, Australia. ICTVdB - The Universal Virus Database, developed for the International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses by Dr Cornelia Büchen-Osmond is written in DELTA. The virus descriptions in ICTVdB are coded by, or using data from experts in the field of virology or members ICTV. The character list is the underlying code. All virus descriptions are based on the character list and natural language translations are automatically generated and formatted for display on the Web from the descriptions in DELTA-format. The description has been generated automatically from DELTA files. DELTA - DEscription Language for TAxonomy developed by Dr Mike Dallwitz, Toni Paine and Eric Zurcher, CSIRO Entomology, Canberra, Australia.

ICTVdB - The Universal Virus Database, developed for the International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses (ICTV) by Dr Cornelia Büchen-Osmond, is written in DELTA. The virus descriptions in ICTVdB are coded by ICTV members and experts, or by the ICTVdB Management using data provided by the experts, the literature or the latest ICTV Report. The character list is the underlying code. All virus descriptions are based on the character list and natural language translations from the encoded descriptions are automatically generated and formatted for display on the Web.

Developer of the DELTA software: M. J. Dallwitz, T. Paine and E. Zurcher

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Last updated on 25 April 2006 by Cornelia Büchen-Osmond
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