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00.077.0.01.022. Wild cucumber mosaic virus

Cite this publication as: ICTVdB Management (2006). 00.077.0.01.022. Wild cucumber mosaic virus. In: ICTVdB - The Universal Virus Database, version 4. Büchen-Osmond, C. (Ed), Columbia University, New York, USA

Cite this site as: ICTVdB - The Universal Virus Database, version 4. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/ICTVdb/ICTVdB/

Table of Contents

Isolate Description

Location: California; the United States of America.

Host of Isolate and Habitat Details
Source of isolate: Marah macrocarpus.

Natural host and symptoms
Marah macrocarpus, Marah oreganus, Echinocystis sp. — mild leaf chlorosis.

Reference to Isolation Report
Freitag (1952).

Classification

This is a description of a plant virus at the species level with data on all virus properties from morphology to genome, replication, antigenicity and biological properties.

ICTVdB Virus Code: 00.077.0.01.022. Virus accession number: 77001022. Obsolete virus code: 77.0.1.0.018; superceded accession number: 77010018.
NCBI Taxon Identifier NCBI Taxonomy ID: 70824.

Name, Synonyms and Lineage

Synonym(s): cucumber wild mosaic virus. ICTV approved acronym: WCMV. Virus is an ICTV approved species of the genus 00.077.0.01. Tymovirus; family 00.077. Tymoviridae.

Virion Properties

Morphology

Virions consist of a capsid. Virus capsid is not enveloped, round with icosahedral symmetry. The isometric capsid has a diameter of 28 nm. Capsids appear round. The capsomer arrangement is clearly visible.

Electron microscopic preparation and references: Virus preparation contains many virions. Stable in all stains. Reference for electron microscopic methods: chloroform/n-butanol clarification, concentrated by PEG then differentail centrifugation.

Physicochemical and Physical Properties

There are 2 sedimenting component(s) found in purified preparations. The sedimentation coefficient is of the fastest 119 S20w (possibly, of the other(s) are 53 S20w (possibly). Isoelectric point pH is 5.2. The thermal inactivation point (TIP) is at 70°C. The longevity in vitro (LIV) is more than 28 days (at 20°C). Although the titer is dependent on the host, the decimal exponent (DEX) of the dilution end point is usually around 4. The infectivity is not changed by treatment with ether; retained when deproteinized with phenol or detergent.

Nucleic Acid

The Mr of the genome constitutes 35% of the virion by weight (B). The genome is monopartite. Only one particle size of linear, single-stranded RNA is recovered. The complete genome is 6300 nucleotides long, is sequenced and complete sequence is about 6300 nucleotides long. The genome has a base ratio of 16.4 % guanine; 17 % adenine; 41 % cytosine; 25.6 % uracil.

GenBank records for nucleotide sequences; complete genome sequences.

Proteins

Proteins constitute about 65% of the particle weight (B).

The viral genome encodes structural proteins and non-structural proteins. Virions consist of 1 structural protein(s) located in the capsid.

Lipids

Lipids are not reported.

Antigenicity

The virus is serologically related to ononis yellow mosaic and turnip yellow mosaic viruses are most closely related; eggplant mosaic, Andean potato latent, belladona mottle, dulcamara mottle, scrophularia mottle, okra mosaic and desmodium yellow mottle viruses are related. The virus does not show serological relationships to kennedya yellow mosaic, clitoria yellow vein and cacao yellow mosaic viruses.

Biological Properties

Natural Host

Domain
Viral hosts belong to the Domain Eucarya.

Domain Eucarya
Kingdom Plantae.

Kingdom Plantae
Phylum Magnoliophyta (Angiosperms, Class Magnoliopsida (Dicotyledonae).

Class Magnoliopsida (Dicotyledonae)
Subclass DILLENIIDAE.

General Symptoms in Plants Virus affects the photosynthetic system. Symptoms are expressed in the leaf include chlorosis and development of patterns or markings that are visible in the intercostal regions. Intercostal regions show chlorosis. Leaves with mosaic.

Severity and Occurrence of Disease

Host: Signs and symptoms persist.

Transmission and Vector Relationships

Virus is transmitted by a vector. Virus is transmitted by mechanical inoculation; transmitted by grafting; not transmitted by contact between hosts.

Vector Transmission:
Virus is transmitted by arthropods, by insects of the order Coleoptera; Acalymma trivittata.

Experimental Hosts and Symptoms

Under experimental conditions susceptibility to infection by virus is found in several families. Susceptible host species are found in the Family Apocynaceae, Cucurbitaceae. The following species were susceptible to experimental virus infection: Catharanthus roseus, Citrullus lanatus, Citrullus vulgaris, Cucumis melo, Cucumis sativus, Cucurbita maxima, Cucurbita pepo, Echinocystis, Marah macrocarpus, Marah oreganus.

Experimentally infected insusceptible Hosts: Families containing insusceptible hosts: Chenopodiaceae, Cruciferae, or Leguminosae-Papilionoideae, Solanaceae. Species inoculated with virus that do not show signs of susceptibility: Brassica campestris ssp. pekinensis, Chenopodium amaranticolor, Datura stramonium, Nicotiana glutinosa, Nicotiana tabacum, Vigna unguiculata.

Diagnostic Hosts

Diagnostic host species and symptoms:

Cucurbita pepo, C. maxima, Citrullus lanatus, Cucumis sativus — chlorotic local lesions and systemic chlorosis.

Catharanthus roseus — symptomless systemic infection. Diagnostic host: insusceptible host species Nicotiana tabacum, N. glutinosa, Datura stramonium, Vigna unguiculata, Chenopodium amaranticolor.

Maintenance and Propagation Hosts

Most commonly used maintenance and propagation host species are Cucurbita pepo (pumpkin and zucchini), Citrullus lanatus.

Assay Hosts

Host: Assay hosts (for Local lesions or Whole plants):
Citrullus vulgaris (L) for some isolates, Cucumis melo (L) for some isolates.

References to host data: Lindberg et al. (1956, Milne et al. (1969).

Histopathology: Virus can be best detected in mesophyll and all parts of the host plant. Virions are found in the cytoplasm and chloroplast (in chronically infected leaves).

Cytopathology: Inclusions are present in infected cells. Inclusion bodies in the host cell are found in the cytoplasm. Cytoplasmic inclusions are crystals. Inclusions contain mature virions. Other cellular changes include development of vesicles in chloroplasts.

Geographical Distribution

The virus occurs in the United States of America (California and Oregon).

References

Allen, T.C. (1972). Virology 47: 467.

Allen, T.C. and Fernald, EK (1971). Pl. Dis. Reptr 55: 546.

Brunt, A.A., Kenten, R.H., Gibbs, AJ. and Nixon, H. (1965). J. gen. Microbiol. 33: 81.

Freitag, J.H. (1952). Phytopathology 42: 8.

Koenig, R. (1976). Virology 72: 1.

Lindberg, GD, Hall, D.H. and Walker, JC (1956). Phytopathology 46: 489.

Macleod, R. and Markham, R. (1963). Virology 19: 190.

Milne, K.S., Grogan, R.G. and Kimble, K.A. (1969). Phytopathology 59: 819.

Sinclair, J.B., Geil, P.H. and Kaesberg, P. (1957). Phytopathology 47: 372.

Walkers, H.J. (1969). Adv. Virus Res. 15: 339.

Van Regenmortel, M.H.V. (1972). CMI/AAB Descr. Pl. Viruses No. 105, 4 pp.

The following generic references are cited in the most recent ICTV Report.

PubMed References.

VIDEdB, the plant virus database developed at the Australian National University by Adrian J. Gibbs and collaborators, contains an earlier description with the number 898 by A.A. Brunt and AJ. Gibbs, 1989.

A description of the virus is found in DPV, a database for plant viruses developed by the Association of Applied Biologists (AAB), with the number 105.



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DELTA - DEscription Language for TAxonomy developed by Dr Mike Dallwitz, Toni Paine and Eric Zurcher, CSIRO Entomology, Canberra, Australia. ICTVdB - The Universal Virus Database, developed for the International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses by Dr Cornelia Büchen-Osmond is written in DELTA. The virus descriptions in ICTVdB are coded by, or using data from experts in the field of virology or members ICTV. The character list is the underlying code. All virus descriptions are based on the character list and natural language translations are automatically generated and formatted for display on the Web from the descriptions in DELTA-format. The description has been generated automatically from DELTA files. DELTA - DEscription Language for TAxonomy developed by Dr Mike Dallwitz, Toni Paine and Eric Zurcher, CSIRO Entomology, Canberra, Australia.

ICTVdB - The Universal Virus Database, developed for the International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses (ICTV) by Dr Cornelia Büchen-Osmond, is written in DELTA. The virus descriptions in ICTVdB are coded by ICTV members and experts, or by the ICTVdB Management using data provided by the experts, the literature or the latest ICTV Report. The character list is the underlying code. All virus descriptions are based on the character list and natural language translations from the encoded descriptions are automatically generated and formatted for display on the Web.

Developer of the DELTA software: M. J. Dallwitz, T. Paine and E. Zurcher

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Last updated on 25 April 2006 by Cornelia Büchen-Osmond
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