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00.077.0.01.011. Kennedya yellow mosaic virus

Cite this publication as: ICTVdB Management (2006). 00.077.0.01.011. Kennedya yellow mosaic virus. In: ICTVdB - The Universal Virus Database, version 4. Büchen-Osmond, C. (Ed), Columbia University, New York, USA

Cite this site as: ICTVdB - The Universal Virus Database, version 4. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/ICTVdb/ICTVdB/

Table of Contents

Isolate Description

Location: samples from Murrays Beach, Jervis Bay; Australia.

Host of Isolate and Habitat Details
Source of isolate: Kennedya rubicunda.

Natural host and symptoms
Kennedya rubicunda, Desmodium triflorum, D. scorpiurus, Indigofera australis — mild chlorotic local lesions, systemic blotchy yellow mosaic.

Reference to Isolation Report
Dale et al. (1975, 1976, Gibbs (1978).

Classification

This is a description of a plant virus at the species level with data on all virus properties from morphology to genome, replication, antigenicity and biological properties.

ICTVdB Virus Code: 00.077.0.01.011. Virus accession number: 77001011. Obsolete virus code: 77.0.1.0.009; superceded accession number: 77010009.
NCBI Taxon Identifier NCBI Taxonomy ID: 12158.

Name, Synonyms and Lineage

ICTV approved acronym: KYMV. Virus is an ICTV approved species of the genus 00.077.0.01. Tymovirus; family 00.077. Tymoviridae.

Virion Properties

Morphology

Virions consist of a capsid. Virus capsid is not enveloped, round with icosahedral symmetry. The isometric capsid has a diameter of 28 nm. Capsids appear round. The capsomer arrangement is clearly visible.

Electron microscopic preparation and references: Virus preparation contains many virions. Reference for electron microscopic methods: Gibbs (1978).

Physicochemical and Physical Properties

There are 2 sedimenting component(s) found in purified preparations. The sedimentation coefficient is of the fastest; B 110 S20w; of the other(s) are 54 S20w. Isoelectric point pH is 3.3-3.57. A260/A280 ratio is 0.81 (T), or 1.69 (B). The thermal inactivation point (TIP) is at 65-70°C. The longevity in vitro (LIV) is 10-100 days. Although the titer is dependent on the host, the decimal exponent (DEX) of the dilution end point is usually around 5-6. The infectivity is not changed by treatment with ether; retained when deproteinized with phenol or detergent.

Nucleic Acid

The Mr of the genome constitutes 34.1% of the virion by weight. The genome is monopartite. Only one particle size of linear, single-stranded RNA is recovered. Minor species of non-genomic nucleic acid are also found in virions. The encapsidated nucleic acid is mainly of genomic origin, but virions may also contain subgenomic RNA that is mRNA (like). The complete genome is 6362 nucleotides long, is fully sequenced and partially sequenced, complete sequence is 6362 nucleotides long. Sequence has the accession number

[D00637] Em(40)_vi:MTYCG01 Gb(84)_vi:KYVCGA Kennedya yellow mosaic virus genome, complete sequence. 11/90 6,362bp.
[M15286] Em(40)_vi:TYMTY3KY Gb(84)_vi:KYV3KYMV Kennedya yellow mosaic virus 3' end which can form a tRNA-like structure. 11/90 83bp.
[M58310] Em(40)_vi:KYVRRLT Gb(84)_vi:KYVRRLT Kennedya yellow mosaic virus 3' terminal tRNA-like structure. 8/91 84bp. 3 sequences.
The genome has a base ratio of 15.1 % guanine; 22.5 % adenine; 39.4 % cytosine; 23 % uracil. The 5'-end of the genome has a methylated nucleotide cap. Reference to nucleotide sequence Ding et al. (1990).

GenBank records for nucleotide sequences; complete genome sequences.

Proteins

Proteins constitute about 65.9% of the particle weight.

The viral genome encodes structural proteins and non-structural proteins. Virions consist of 1 structural protein(s) located in the capsid.

Lipids

Lipids are not reported.

Genome Organization and Replication

By itself, genomic nucleic acid is infectious.

Translation: Coat protein mRNA is translated in the cytoplasm.

The genome replicates in in association with chloroplasts (in the vesicles).

Antigenicity

The virus is serologically related to turnip yellow mosaic, clitoria yellow vein and okra mosaic, closely; desmodium yellow mottle and cacao yellow mosaic viruses more distantly.

CDNA-RNA hybridization tests correlate with the serological relationships, but also show an unexpected close relationship with eggplant mosaic virus, which is serologically very distantly related to kennedya yellow mosaic virus.

Biological Properties

Natural Host

Domain
Viral hosts belong to the Domain Eucarya.

Domain Eucarya
Kingdom Plantae.

Kingdom Plantae
Phylum Magnoliophyta (Angiosperms, Class Magnoliopsida (Dicotyledonae).

Class Magnoliopsida (Dicotyledonae)
Subclass ASTERIDAE.

General Symptoms in Plants Virus affects the photosynthetic system. Symptoms are expressed in the leaf include chlorosis and development of patterns or markings that are visible in the intercostal regions. Intercostal regions show chlorosis. Leaves are turning yellow. Leaves with mosaic have yellow mosaic.

Severity and Occurrence of Disease

Host: Signs and symptoms persist (and are often bright).

Transmission and Vector Relationships

Virus is transmitted by mechanical inoculation; not transmitted by contact between hosts; not transmitted by seeds; not transmitted by pollen.

Experimental Hosts and Symptoms

Under experimental conditions susceptibility to infection by virus is found in few families. Susceptible host species are found in the Family Leguminosae-Papilionoideae, Solanaceae. The following species were susceptible to experimental virus infection: Cajanus cajan, Clitoria ternatea, Datura stramonium, Desmodium scorpiurus, Desmodium triflorum, Glycine max, Indigofera australis, Kennedya rubicunda, Lupinus angustifolius, Macrotyloma uniflorum, Nicotiana glutinosa, Phaseolus vulgaris, Pisum sativum, Vigna angularis, Vigna radiata, Vigna unguiculata, Vigna unguiculata ssp. sesquipedalis .

Experimentally infected insusceptible Hosts: Families containing insusceptible hosts: Amaranthaceae, Chenopodiaceae, or Cucurbitaceae, Leguminosae-Papilionoideae, Solanaceae. Species inoculated with virus that do not show signs of susceptibility: Chenopodium amaranticolor, Chenopodium quinoa, Cucumis sativus, Gomphrena globosa, Lotus corniculatus, Lycopersicon esculentum, Medicago sativa, Nicotiana clevelandii, Trifolium incarnatum, Trifolium pratense, Trifolium repens, Vicia faba, Vicia sativa.

Diagnostic Hosts

Diagnostic host species and symptoms:

Glycine max — blotchy systemic yellow mosaic.

Kennedya rubicunda — systemic yellow mosaic.

Phaseolus vulgaris cv. Redland Pioneer, Pisum sativum — chlorotic local lesions; then systemic yellow mosaic.

Vigna radiata — necrotic local lesions; systemic leaf malformation.

Datura stramonium, Nicotiana glutinosa — chlorotic local lesions; not systemic. Diagnostic host: insusceptible host species Lycopersicon esculentum, Nicotiana clevelandii.

Maintenance and Propagation Hosts

Most commonly used maintenance and propagation host species are Pisum sativum cv. Early Massey, Glycine max.

Assay Hosts

Host: Assay hosts (for Local lesions or Whole plants):
Phaseolus vulgaris cv. Redland Pioneer (L), Pisum sativum cv. Massey (W), Vigna radiata (L).

References to host data: Dale and Gibbs (1976, Gibbs (1978) and unpublished data.

Histopathology: Virus can be best detected in all parts of the host plant. Virions are found in the cytoplasm.

Cytopathology: Inclusions are not present in infected cells. Other cellular changes include vesiculation of the chloroplasts outer membrane.

Geographical Distribution

The virus occurs in Australia (the eastern coastal region).

List of Strains and Isolates in the Species

Port Douglas (Mount Jukes), Jervis Bay, Wapengo; these being the type members of three geographically separate strains found in north Queensland, central coast N.S.W. and south coast N.S.W. respectively.

References

Blok, J., Gibbs, AJ. and Mackenzie, A (1987). Arch. Virol. 96: 225.

Dale, J.L., Gardiner, JE and Gibbs, AJ. (1975). Aust. Pl. Path. Soc. Newsl. 4: 13.

Dale, J.L. and Gibbs, AJ. (1976). Aust. J. biol. Sci. 29: 397.

Ding, S., Keese, P. and Gibbs, AJ. (1990). J. gen. Virol. 71: 925.

Gibbs, AJ. (1978). CMI/AAB Descr. Pl. Viruses No. 193, 4 pp.

The following generic references are cited in the most recent ICTV Report.

PubMed References.

VIDEdB, the plant virus database developed at the Australian National University by Adrian J. Gibbs and collaborators, contains an earlier description with the number 430 by A.J. Gibbs, 1981. Revised 1989.

A description of the virus is found in DPV, a database for plant viruses developed by the Association of Applied Biologists (AAB), with the number 193.

Images

Taxon images: • courtesy of A.J. Gibbs and VIDE. • courtesy of A.J. Gibbs and VIDE.



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ICTVdB - The Universal Virus Database, developed for the International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses (ICTV) by Dr Cornelia Büchen-Osmond, is written in DELTA. The virus descriptions in ICTVdB are coded by ICTV members and experts, or by the ICTVdB Management using data provided by the experts, the literature or the latest ICTV Report. The character list is the underlying code. All virus descriptions are based on the character list and natural language translations from the encoded descriptions are automatically generated and formatted for display on the Web.

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Last updated on 25 April 2006 by Cornelia Büchen-Osmond
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