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00.077.0.01.008. Dulcamara mottle virus

Cite this publication as: ICTVdB Management (2006). 00.077.0.01.008. Dulcamara mottle virus. In: ICTVdB - The Universal Virus Database, version 4. Büchen-Osmond, C. (Ed), Columbia University, New York, USA

Cite this site as: ICTVdB - The Universal Virus Database, version 4. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/ICTVdb/ICTVdB/

Table of Contents

Isolate Description

Location: Hertfordshire; the United Kingdom.

Host of Isolate and Habitat Details
Source of isolate: Solanum dulcamara.

Natural host and symptoms
Solanum dulcamara — mild mottle.

Reference to Isolation Report
Gibbs et al. (1966).

Classification

This is a description of a plant virus at the species level with data on all virus properties from morphology to genome, replication, antigenicity and biological properties.

ICTVdB Virus Code: 00.077.0.01.008. Virus accession number: 77001008. Obsolete virus code: 77.0.1.0.006; superceded accession number: 77010006.
NCBI Taxon Identifier NCBI Taxonomy ID: 70823.

Name, Synonyms and Lineage

ICTV approved acronym: DuMV. Virus is an ICTV approved species of the genus 00.077.0.01. Tymovirus; family 00.077. Tymoviridae.

Virion Properties

Morphology

Virions consist of a capsid. Virus capsid is not enveloped, round with icosahedral symmetry. The isometric capsid has a diameter of 28 nm. Capsids appear round. The capsomer arrangement is clearly visible.

Electron microscopic preparation and references: Virus preparation contains many virions.

Physicochemical and Physical Properties

There are 2 sedimenting component(s) found in purified preparations. The sedimentation coefficient is of the fastest 121 S20w; of the other(s) are 55 S20w. Isoelectric point pH is 8.15. The thermal inactivation point (TIP) is at 65-70°C. The longevity in vitro (LIV) is 2-7 days. Although the titer is dependent on the host, the decimal exponent (DEX) of the dilution end point is usually around 3-4. The infectivity is not changed by treatment with ether; retained when deproteinized with proteases; retained when deproteinized with phenol or detergent.

Nucleic Acid

The Mr of the genome constitutes 37.5% of the virion by weight. The genome is monopartite. Only one particle size of linear, single-stranded RNA is recovered. The complete genome is 6000 nucleotides long, is sequenced and complete sequence is about 6000 nucleotides long. The genome has a base ratio of 16.7 % guanine; 22.6 % adenine; 32.2 % cytosine; 28.5 % uracil. The 5'-end of the genome has a methylated nucleotide cap. The genome has an intergenic poly (A) region at 3' terminal poly A tract.

GenBank records for nucleotide sequences; complete genome sequences.

Proteins

Proteins constitute about 62.5% of the particle weight.

The viral genome encodes structural proteins and non-structural proteins. Virions consist of 1 structural protein(s) located in the capsid.

Lipids

Lipids are not reported.

Genome Organization and Replication

By itself, genomic nucleic acid is infectious.

Transcription: Sub-genomic RNA is present in infected cells; a transcription of mRNA for virion protein.

Translation: Coat protein mRNA is translated in the cytoplasm.

The genome replicates in in association with chloroplasts (in vesicles in the peripheral membrane).

Antigenicity

The virus is serologically related to Andean potato latent, belladonna mottle, eggplant mosaic and ononis yellow mosaic viruses.

Biological Properties

Natural Host

Domain
Viral hosts belong to the Domain Eucarya.

Domain Eucarya
Kingdom Plantae.

Kingdom Plantae
Phylum Magnoliophyta (Angiosperms, Class Magnoliopsida (Dicotyledonae).

Class Magnoliopsida (Dicotyledonae)
Subclass ASTERIDAE.

General Symptoms in Plants Virus affects the photosynthetic system. Symptoms are expressed in the leaf include chlorosis and development of patterns or markings that are visible in the intercostal regions. Intercostal regions show chlorosis. Leaves with mottle. Symptoms mottle.

Severity and Occurrence of Disease

Host: Signs and symptoms persist.

Transmission and Vector Relationships

Virus is transmitted by a vector. Virus is transmitted by mechanical inoculation; not transmitted by contact between hosts; transmitted by seeds.

Vector Transmission:
Virus is transmitted by arthropods, by insects of the order Coleoptera; Psylloides affinis. Virus is transmitted in a semi-persistent manner.

Experimental Hosts and Symptoms

Under experimental conditions susceptibility to infection by virus is found in several families. Susceptible host species are found in the Family Apocynaceae, Convolvulaceae, Euphorbiaceae, Gesneriaceae, Leguminosae-Papilionoideae, Polemoniaceae, Solanaceae. The following species were susceptible to experimental virus infection: Catharanthus roseus, Datura stramonium, Euphorbia marginata, Ipomoea nil, Leptosiphon, Lycopersicon esculentum, Nicotiana clevelandii, Nicotiana glutinosa, Sinningia speciosa, Solanum dulcamara, Solanum nigrum, Vigna radiata.

Host:
Experimentally infected hosts mainly show symptoms of local lesions, mosaics, mottles, distortion.

Experimentally infected insusceptible Hosts: Families containing insusceptible hosts: Bignoniaceae, Boraginaceae, Campanulaceae, Caryophyllaceae, Chenopodiaceae, Compositae, Cruciferae, or Cucurbitaceae, Labiatae, Leguminosae-Papilionoideae (4 /5), or Malvaceae, Myrtaceae, Papaveraceae, Polygonaceae, Ranunculaceae, Rosaceae, Scrophulariaceae, Solanaceae, Tropaeolaceae, Umbelliferae, or Violaceae. Species inoculated with virus that do not show signs of susceptibility: Antirrhinum majus, Arachis hypogaea, Bellis perennis, Beta vulgaris, Brassica campestris ssp. pekinensis, Catalpa bignonioides, Chenopodium amaranticolor, Chenopodium foetidum, Chenopodium quinoa, Cucumis sativus, Cucurbita pepo, Daucus carota, Delphinium hybridum, Eucalyptus cloeziana, Fagopyrum esculentum, Fragaria vesca, Gossypium hirsutum, Gypsophila elegans, Helianthus annuus, Lactuca sativa, Lobelia erinus, Myosotis sylvatica, Nicotiana debneyi, Nicotiana tabacum, Papaver nudicaule, Pastinaca sativa, Petroselinum crispum, Petunia x hybrida, Pisum sativum, Podolepis robusta, Salvia splendens, Solanum tuberosum (several cultivars), Trifolium incarnatum, Tropaeolum majus, Vicia faba, Viola cornuta.

Diagnostic Hosts

Diagnostic host species and symptoms:

Datura stramonium — local lesions, mottle.

Lycopersicon esculentum — mottle.

Nicotiana clevelandii, N. glutinosa — local lesions, mosaic, distortion.

Solanum nigrum — mosaic. Diagnostic host: insusceptible host species Solanum tuberosum several cultivars.

Maintenance and Propagation Hosts

Most commonly used maintenance and propagation host species are Nicotiana clevelandii, N. glutinosa.

Assay Hosts

Host: Assay hosts (for Local lesions or Whole plants):
Nicotiana glutinosa (L/W).

References to host data: Gibbs et al. (1966, Guy et al. (1984).

Histopathology: Virus can be best detected in all parts of the host plant. Virions are found in the cytoplasm.

Cytopathology: Inclusions are not present in infected cells.

Geographical Distribution

The virus occurs in the United Kingdom.

Ecology, Epidemiology and Control

Studies reported by Gibbs et al. (1966).

References

Gibbs, AJ., Hecht-Poinar, E., Woods, R.D. and McKee, R.K. (1966). J. gen. Microbiol. 44: 177.

Guy, P.L., Dale, J.L., Adena, MA and Gibbs, AJ. (1984). Pl. Path. 33: 337.

The following generic references are cited in the most recent ICTV REport .

PubMed References.

VIDEdB, the plant virus database developed at the Australian National University by Adrian J. Gibbs and collaborators, contains an earlier description with the number 314 by A.J. Gibbs, 1991.



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DELTA - DEscription Language for TAxonomy developed by Dr Mike Dallwitz, Toni Paine and Eric Zurcher, CSIRO Entomology, Canberra, Australia. ICTVdB - The Universal Virus Database, developed for the International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses by Dr Cornelia Büchen-Osmond is written in DELTA. The virus descriptions in ICTVdB are coded by, or using data from experts in the field of virology or members ICTV. The character list is the underlying code. All virus descriptions are based on the character list and natural language translations are automatically generated and formatted for display on the Web from the descriptions in DELTA-format. The description has been generated automatically from DELTA files. DELTA - DEscription Language for TAxonomy developed by Dr Mike Dallwitz, Toni Paine and Eric Zurcher, CSIRO Entomology, Canberra, Australia.

ICTVdB - The Universal Virus Database, developed for the International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses (ICTV) by Dr Cornelia Büchen-Osmond, is written in DELTA. The virus descriptions in ICTVdB are coded by ICTV members and experts, or by the ICTVdB Management using data provided by the experts, the literature or the latest ICTV Report. The character list is the underlying code. All virus descriptions are based on the character list and natural language translations from the encoded descriptions are automatically generated and formatted for display on the Web.

Developer of the DELTA software: M. J. Dallwitz, T. Paine and E. Zurcher

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Last updated on 25 April 2006 by Cornelia Büchen-Osmond
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