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Descriptions are generated automatically from the ICTVdB database including links. Some descriptions are only very basic and links may point to documents that are not yet published on the Web.

00.077.0.01.007. Desmodium yellow mottle virus

Cite this publication as: ICTVdB Management (2006). 00.077.0.01.007. Desmodium yellow mottle virus. In: ICTVdB - The Universal Virus Database, version 4. Büchen-Osmond, C. (Ed), Columbia University, New York, USA

Cite this site as: ICTVdB - The Universal Virus Database, version 4. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/ICTVdb/ICTVdB/

Table of Contents

Isolate Description

Location: Arkansas; the United States of America.

Host of Isolate and Habitat Details
Source of isolate: Desmodium laevigatum and D. paniculatum.

Natural host and symptoms
Desmodium laevigatum, D. paniculatum — yellow mottle and leaf malformation.

Reference to Isolation Report
Walters and Scott (1968).

Classification

This is a description of a plant virus at the species level with data on all virus properties from morphology to genome, replication, antigenicity and biological properties.

ICTVdB Virus Code: 00.077.0.01.007. Virus accession number: 77001007. Obsolete virus code: 77.0.1.0.005; superceded accession number: 77010005.
NCBI Taxon Identifier NCBI Taxonomy ID: 70821.

Name, Synonyms and Lineage

ICTV approved acronym: DYMV. Virus is an ICTV approved species of the genus 00.077.0.01. Tymovirus; family 00.077. Tymoviridae.

Virion Properties

Morphology

Virions consist of a capsid. Virus capsid is not enveloped, round with icosahedral symmetry (T=3). The capsid is isometric and has a diameter of 29.6-32 nm. Capsids appear round. The capsomer arrangement is clearly visible.

Electron microscopic preparation and references: Virus preparation contains many virions. Reference for electron microscopic methods: Walters and Scott (1972).




















Capsid structures, detailed structural and computational analysis are found in the Protein Data Bank (PDB) using VIPERdB, the VIrus Particle ExploreR 1ddl.

Physicochemical and Physical Properties

There are 2 sedimenting component(s) found in purified preparations. The sedimentation coefficient is of the fastest 114 S20w (B, of the other(s) are 54 S20w (T). The thermal inactivation point (TIP) is at 70°C. The longevity in vitro (LIV) is 38 days. Although the titer is dependent on the host, the decimal exponent (DEX) of the dilution end point is usually around 7. The infectivity is retained when deproteinized with phenol or detergent.

Nucleic Acid

The Mr of the genome constitutes 35% of the virion by weight (B). The genome is monopartite. Only one particle size of linear, single-stranded RNA is recovered. The complete genome is 6300 nucleotides long, is sequenced and complete sequence is about 6300 nucleotides long. The genome has a base ratio of 16.5 % guanine; 22.5 % adenine; 37.2 % cytosine; 23.8 % uracil.

GenBank records for nucleotide sequences; complete genome sequences.

Proteins

Proteins constitute about 65% of the particle weight (B).

The viral genome encodes structural proteins and non-structural proteins. Virions consist of 1 structural protein(s) located in the capsid.

Structural Proteins: Capsid protein has a molecular mass of 19997 Da (188 AA) with 180 copies per virion; sequence has the accession number [O89511]; is the coat protein.

Lipids

Lipids are not reported.

Antigenicity

The virus is serologically related to kennedya yellow mosaic, okra mosaic, cocoa yellow mosaic and clitoria yellow vein viruses are related closely; turnip yellow mosaic, Andean potato latent, dulcamara mottle, ononis yellow mosaic, scrophularia mottle and wild cucumber mosaic viruses are distantly related.

Biological Properties

Natural Host

Domain
Viral hosts belong to the Domain Eucarya.

Domain Eucarya
Kingdom Plantae.

Kingdom Plantae
Phylum Magnoliophyta (Angiosperms, Class Magnoliopsida (Dicotyledonae).

General Symptoms in Plants Virus affects the photosynthetic system. Symptoms are expressed in the leaf include chlorosis and development of patterns or markings that are visible in the intercostal regions. Intercostal regions show chlorosis. Leaves are turning yellow. Leaves with mottle have yellow mottle.

Severity and Occurrence of Disease

Host: Signs and symptoms persist.

Transmission and Vector Relationships

Virus is transmitted by mechanical inoculation.

Experimental Hosts and Symptoms

Under experimental conditions susceptibility to infection by virus is found in few families (only Leguminosae infected). Susceptible host species are found in the Family Leguminosae-Papilionoideae. The following species were susceptible to experimental virus infection: Desmodium laevigatum, Desmodium paniculatum, Desmodium tortuosum, Lathyrus odoratus, Lespedeza stipulacea, Macroptilium lathyroides, Macrotyloma uniflorum, Phaseolus vulgaris, Pisum sativum, Sesbania exaltata, Trifolium incarnatum, Trifolium repens, Vigna radiata, Vigna unguiculata, Vigna unguiculata ssp. sesquipedalis .

Experimentally infected insusceptible Hosts: Families containing insusceptible hosts: Amaranthaceae, Caryophyllaceae, or Chenopodiaceae, Compositae, Cruciferae, Euphorbiaceae, or Leguminosae-Papilionoideae, Pedaliaceae, Scrophulariaceae, Solanaceae. Species inoculated with virus that do not show signs of susceptibility: Antirrhinum majus, Brassica campestris ssp. pekinensis, Brassica campestris ssp. rapa, Brassica juncea, Brassica oleracea var. capitata, Calendula officinalis, Chenopodium album, Chenopodium hybridum, Chenopodium quinoa, Cyamopsis tetragonoloba, Datura stramonium, Dianthus barbatus, Glycine max, Gomphrena globosa, Lens culinaris, Lotus corniculatus, Lupinus albus, Lupinus angustifolius, Matthiola incana, Medicago sativa, Nicotiana glutinosa, Nicotiana rustica, Nicotiana tabacum, Petunia x hybrida, Phaseolus vulgaris (cvs. Red Kidney, Small White), Ricinus communis, Sesamum indicum, Trifolium pratense, Zinnia elegans.

Diagnostic Hosts

Diagnostic host species and symptoms:

Desmodium tortuosum — necrotic local lesions.

Phaseolus vulgaris cvs Black Valentine, Bountiful, Pinto — local lesions.

P. vulgaris cv. Great Northern,

Vigna unguiculata cv. Monarch — systemic mottle. Diagnostic host: insusceptible host species Phaseolus vulgaris cvs Red Kidney, Small White.

Maintenance and Propagation Hosts

Most commonly used maintenance and propagation host species are Phaseolus vulgaris cv. Great Northern.

Assay Hosts

Host: Assay hosts (for Local lesions or Whole plants):
Desmodium tortuosum (L).

References to host data: Walters and Scott (1972).

Histopathology: Virus can be best detected in leaves. Virions are found in the cytoplasm, nucleus, and cell vacuole.

Cytopathology: Inclusions are present in infected cells. Inclusion bodies in the host cell are found in the cytoplasm and nucleus. Cytoplasmic inclusions are crystals. Cytoplasmic inclusion bodies are associated with the vacuole. Inclusions are crystals in the vacuole. Inclusions contain mature virions. Other cellular changes include vesicles in the peripheries of chloroplasts opening to cytoplasm.

Geographical Distribution

The virus occurs in the United States of America.

References

Koenig, R. (1976). Virology 72: 1.

Koenig, R. and Givord, L. (1974). Virology 58: 119.

Scott, H.A. (1976). CMI/AAB Descr. Pl. Viruses No. 168, 3 pp.

Scott, H.A. and Moore, B.J. (1972). Virology 50: 613.

Walters, H.J. and Scott, H.A. (1972). Phytopathology 62: 125.

Walters, H.J. and Scott, H.A. (1968). Phytopathology 58: 1071.

The following generic references are cited in the most recent ICTV Report.

PubMed References.

VIDEdB, the plant virus database developed at the Australian National University by Adrian J. Gibbs and collaborators, contains an earlier description with the number 300 by H.A. Scott, 1980. Revised 1984.

A description of the virus is found in DPV, a database for plant viruses developed by the Association of Applied Biologists (AAB), with the number 168.



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DELTA - DEscription Language for TAxonomy developed by Dr Mike Dallwitz, Toni Paine and Eric Zurcher, CSIRO Entomology, Canberra, Australia. ICTVdB - The Universal Virus Database, developed for the International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses by Dr Cornelia Büchen-Osmond is written in DELTA. The virus descriptions in ICTVdB are coded by, or using data from experts in the field of virology or members ICTV. The character list is the underlying code. All virus descriptions are based on the character list and natural language translations are automatically generated and formatted for display on the Web from the descriptions in DELTA-format. The description has been generated automatically from DELTA files. DELTA - DEscription Language for TAxonomy developed by Dr Mike Dallwitz, Toni Paine and Eric Zurcher, CSIRO Entomology, Canberra, Australia.

ICTVdB - The Universal Virus Database, developed for the International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses (ICTV) by Dr Cornelia Büchen-Osmond, is written in DELTA. The virus descriptions in ICTVdB are coded by ICTV members and experts, or by the ICTVdB Management using data provided by the experts, the literature or the latest ICTV Report. The character list is the underlying code. All virus descriptions are based on the character list and natural language translations from the encoded descriptions are automatically generated and formatted for display on the Web.

Developer of the DELTA software: M. J. Dallwitz, T. Paine and E. Zurcher

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Last updated on 25 April 2006 by Cornelia Büchen-Osmond
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