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00.077.0.01.002. Andean potato latent virus

Cite this publication as: ICTVdB Management (2006). 00.077.0.01.002. Andean potato latent virus. In: ICTVdB - The Universal Virus Database, version 4. Büchen-Osmond, C. (Ed), Columbia University, New York, USA

Cite this site as: ICTVdB - The Universal Virus Database, version 4. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/ICTVdb/ICTVdB/

Table of Contents

Isolate Description

Location: material collected in tropical Andes.

Host of Isolate and Habitat Details
Source of isolate: Solanum tuberosum (groups Phureja, Chaucha and Andigena).

Natural host and symptoms
Solanum tuberosum — symptomless or sometimes mosaic.

Classification

This is a description of a plant virus at the species level with data on all virus properties from morphology to genome, replication, antigenicity and biological properties.

ICTVdB Virus Code: 00.077.0.01.002. Virus accession number: 77001002. Obsolete virus code: 77.0.1.0.071; superceded accession number: 77010071.
NCBI Taxon Identifier NCBI Taxonomy ID: 73819.

Name, Synonyms and Lineage

Synonym(s): potato Andean latent virus. ICTV approved acronym: APLV. Virus is an ICTV approved species of the genus 00.077.0.01. Tymovirus; family 00.077. Tymoviridae.

Virion Properties

Morphology

Virions consist of a capsid. Virus capsid is not enveloped, round with icosahedral symmetry. The isometric capsid has a diameter of 30 nm. Capsids appear round. The capsomer arrangement is clearly visible.

Electron microscopic preparation and references: Virus preparation contains many virions. Reference for electron microscopic methods: Dunn and Hitchborn (1965).

Physicochemical and Physical Properties

Virions have a buoyant density in CsCl of 1.26 and 1.41 g cm-3 (unfixed). There are 2 sedimenting component(s) found in purified preparations. The sedimentation coefficient is of the fastest 115 S20w; of the other(s) are 54 S20w (T). Isoelectric point pH is of different strains differs. A260/A280 ratio is 0.81 (T), or 1.51 (B). The thermal inactivation point (TIP) is at 65-80°C. The longevity in vitro (LIV) is 21 days. Although the titer is dependent on the host, the decimal exponent (DEX) of the dilution end point is usually around 6. The infectivity is not changed by treatment with ether; retained when deproteinized with phenol or detergent.

Nucleic Acid

The Mr of the genome constitutes 36% of the virion by weight (B). The genome is monopartite. Only one particle size of linear, single-stranded RNA is recovered. The complete genome is 6500 nucleotides long, is partially sequenced and sequenced region is 6500 nucleotides long. Sequence has the accession number

[M15284] Em(40)_vi:TYMTY3AP Gb(84)_vi:APV3APLV Andean potato latent virus 3' end which can form tRNA-like structure. 11/90 96bp.
[M58313] Em(40)_vi:APVRRLS Gb(84)_vi:APVRRLS Andean potato latent virus (APLV) 3' terminus tRNA-like structure. 8/91 82bp. 2 sequences.. The genome has a base ratio of 16 % guanine; 22 % adenine; 38 % cytosine; 24 % uracil. The 5'-end of the genome has a methylated nucleotide cap. The 3'-terminus has a tRNA-like structure that can be aminoacylated with valine.

GenBank records for nucleotide sequences; complete genome sequences.

Proteins

Proteins constitute about 64% of the particle weight (B).

The viral genome encodes structural proteins and non-structural proteins. Virions consist of 1 structural protein(s) located in the capsid.

Structural Proteins: Reference to amino acid sequence or composition Paul et al. (1980).

Lipids

Lipids are not reported.

Translation: The genome replicates in probably in association with chloroplasts (in virus-induced vesicles).

Antigenicity

The virus is serologically related to eggplant mosaic virus is closely related; belladonna mottle and dulcamara mottle viruses less so; and most other tymoviruses are distantly related.

Biological Properties

Natural Host

Domain
Viral hosts belong to the Domain Eucarya.

Domain Eucarya
Kingdom Plantae.

Kingdom Plantae
Phylum Magnoliophyta (Angiosperms, Class Magnoliopsida (Dicotyledonae).

Class Magnoliopsida (Dicotyledonae)
Subclass ASTERIDAE.

Severity and Occurrence of Disease

Host: Signs and symptoms persist.

Transmission and Vector Relationships

Virus is transmitted by a vector and not transmitted by a vector. Virus is transmitted by mechanical inoculation; transmitted by grafting; transmitted by contact between hosts; transmitted by seeds (less than 1% in Solanum tuberosum).

Vector Transmission:
Virus is transmitted by arthropods, by insects of the order Coleoptera; Epithrix sp. Virus is transmitted in a non-persistent manner.

Experimental Hosts and Symptoms

Under experimental conditions susceptibility to infection by virus is found in several families. Susceptible host species are found in the Family Amaranthaceae, Chenopodiaceae, Cucurbitaceae, Solanaceae. The following species were susceptible to experimental virus infection: Amaranthus caudatus, Chenopodium amaranticolor, Chenopodium quinoa, Cucumis sativus, Datura stramonium, Gomphrena globosa, Hyoscyamus niger, Lycopersicon esculentum, Lycopersicon pimpinellifolium, Nicandra physalodes, Nicotiana benthamiana, Nicotiana bigelovii, Nicotiana clevelandii, Nicotiana debneyi, Nicotiana glutinosa, Nicotiana megalosiphon, Nicotiana rustica, Nicotiana sylvestris, Petunia x hybrida, Solanum chacoense, Solanum demissum, Solanum melongena, Solanum tuberosum.

Experimentally infected insusceptible Hosts: Families containing insusceptible hosts: Cruciferae, Gramineae, or Leguminosae-Papilionoideae, Solanaceae. Species inoculated with virus that do not show signs of susceptibility: Brassica campestris ssp. chinensis, Hordeum vulgare, Lablab purpureus, Phaseolus vulgaris, Physalis floridana, Physalis peruviana, Pisum sativum, Trifolium incarnatum, Triticum aestivum, Vicia faba, Vigna unguiculata, Vigna unguiculata ssp. cylindrica.

Diagnostic Hosts

Diagnostic host species and symptoms:

Chenopodium quinoa — necrotic spots; systemic chlorosis with some strains.

Nicotiana bigelovii, N. clevelandii, N. debneyi, N. megalosiphon — severe mosaic. Diagnostic host: insusceptible host species Phaseolus vulgaris, Vigna unguiculata.

Maintenance and Propagation Hosts

Most commonly used maintenance and propagation host species are Nicotiana bigelovii, N. clevelandii.

Assay Hosts

Host: Assay hosts (for Local lesions or Whole plants):
Nicotiana bigelovii (W), N. clevelandii (W).

References to host data: Fribourg et al. (1977, Gibbs et al. (1966).

Histopathology: Virus can be best detected in all parts of the host plant. Virions are found in the cytoplasm, nucleus, and cell vacuole.

Cytopathology: Inclusions are present in infected cells. Inclusion bodies in the host cell are found in the cytoplasm and nucleus. Nuclear inclusion bodies are crystals. Cytoplasmic inclusions are crystals. Inclusions contain mature virions. Other cellular changes include fragmentation of mitochondria.

Geographical Distribution

The virus spreads in South and Central Americas. The virus occurs in Bolivia, Chile, Colombia, Ecuador, and Peru (CABI/EPPO data).

List of Strains and Isolates in the Species

Isolates differ in serological and electrophoretic properties and symptoms induced (Koenig et al., 1979).

References

Dunn, D.B. and Hitchborn, J.H. (1965). Virology 25: 171.

Fribourg, C.E., Jones, R.A.C. and Koenig, R. (1977). Ann. appl. Biol. 86: 373.

Gibbs, AJ. and Harrison, BD (1973). CMI/AAB Descr. Pl. Viruses No. 124, 4 pp.

Gibbs, AJ., Hecht-Poinar, E., Woods, R.D. and McKee, R.K. (1966). J. gen. Microbiol. 44: 177.

Koenig, R., Francksen, H. and Stegemann, H. (1981). Phytopath. Z. 100: 347.

Koenig, R., Fribourg, C.E. and Jones, R.A.C. (1979). Phytopathology 69: 748.

Lesemann, D.-E., Bozarth, R.F and Koenig, R. (1980). J. gen. Virol. 48: 257.

Osorio-Keese, M., Keese, P. and Gibbs, AJ. (1989). Virology 172: 547.

Paul, H.L., Gibbs, AJ. and Wittmann-Liebold, B. (1980). Intervirology 13: 99.

The following generic references are cited in the most recent ICTV REport .

PubMed References.

VIDEdB, the plant virus database developed at the Australian National University by Adrian J. Gibbs and collaborators, contains an earlier description with the number 640 by R. Koenig, 1985. Revised 1989.



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DELTA - DEscription Language for TAxonomy developed by Dr Mike Dallwitz, Toni Paine and Eric Zurcher, CSIRO Entomology, Canberra, Australia. ICTVdB - The Universal Virus Database, developed for the International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses by Dr Cornelia Büchen-Osmond is written in DELTA. The virus descriptions in ICTVdB are coded by, or using data from experts in the field of virology or members ICTV. The character list is the underlying code. All virus descriptions are based on the character list and natural language translations are automatically generated and formatted for display on the Web from the descriptions in DELTA-format. The description has been generated automatically from DELTA files. DELTA - DEscription Language for TAxonomy developed by Dr Mike Dallwitz, Toni Paine and Eric Zurcher, CSIRO Entomology, Canberra, Australia.

ICTVdB - The Universal Virus Database, developed for the International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses (ICTV) by Dr Cornelia Büchen-Osmond, is written in DELTA. The virus descriptions in ICTVdB are coded by ICTV members and experts, or by the ICTVdB Management using data provided by the experts, the literature or the latest ICTV Report. The character list is the underlying code. All virus descriptions are based on the character list and natural language translations from the encoded descriptions are automatically generated and formatted for display on the Web.

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Last updated on 25 April 2006 by Cornelia Büchen-Osmond
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