[Home] [ICTV Taxonomy - Index of Viruses] [Virus Descriptions] [Character List] [Picture Gallery]
[Tutorial] [Online Data Retrieval & Identification] [Virus Isolate Registration & Submission] [Search]
Descriptions are generated automatically from the ICTVdB database including links. Some descriptions are only very basic and links may point to documents that are not yet published on the Web.

00.074.0.08.001. Panicum mosaic virus

Cite this publication as: ICTVdB Management (2006). 00.074.0.08.001. Panicum mosaic virus. In: ICTVdB - The Universal Virus Database, version 4. Büchen-Osmond, C. (Ed), Columbia University, New York, USA

Cite this site as: ICTVdB - The Universal Virus Database, version 4. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/ICTVdb/ICTVdB/

Table of Contents

Isolate Description

Location: Kansas; the United States of America.

Host of Isolate and Habitat Details
Source of isolate: Panicum virgatum.

Natural host and symptoms
Panicum virgatum — faint chlorosis.

Eremochloa ophiuroides — chlorotic leaf spots and blotches.

Muhlenbergia schreberi — leaf chlorosis.

Reference to Isolation Report
Sill and Pickett (1957).

Classification

This is a description of a plant virus at the species level with data on all virus properties from morphology to genome, replication, antigenicity and biological properties.

ICTVdB Virus Code: 00.074.0.08.001. Virus accession number: 67091017. Obsolete virus code: 67.0.1.T.017; superceded accession number: 6701t017.
NCBI Taxon Identifier NCBI Taxonomy ID: 40279.

Name, Synonyms and Lineage

Synonym(s): St. Augustine decline virus. ICTV approved acronym: PMV. Virus is the type species. Virus is of the genus 00.074.0.05. Machlomovirus in the family 00.074. Tombusviridae.

Virion Properties

Morphology

Virions consist of a capsid. Virus capsid is not enveloped, round with icosahedral symmetry. The isometric capsid has a diameter of 25-30 nm. Capsids appear hexagonal in outline. The capsomer arrangement is clearly visible.

Electron microscopic preparation and references: Virus preparation contains many virions (c.0.5 mg/g fresh weight of tissue). Reference for electron microscopic methods: Niblett and Paulsen (1975).

Physicochemical and Physical Properties

Virions have a buoyant density in CsCl of 1.365 g cm-3. There are 1 sedimenting component(s) found in purified preparations. The sedimentation coefficient is 109 S20w (TS, of the other(s) are 102 S20w (SAD). The thermal inactivation point (TIP) is at 85°C (TS), or 60°C (SAD). The longevity in vitro (LIV) is 12-33 days. Although the titer is dependent on the host, the decimal exponent (DEX) of the dilution end point is usually around 5 (TS), or 4 (SAD).

Nucleic Acid

The Mr of the genome constitutes 28% of the virion by weight. The genome is monopartite. Only one particle size of linear, positive-sense, single-stranded RNA is recovered. Minor species of non-genomic nucleic acid are also found in virions. The encapsidated nucleic acid is mainly of genomic origin, but virions may also contain subgenomic RNA, that is mRNA. The genome is fully sequenced and complete sequence is 4326 nucleotides long. Sequence has the accession number [U5502]Em_vi:SAPCAP — capsid protein gene, 826bp. The genome has a base ratio of 22-25 % guanine; 24-26 % adenine; 15-16 % cytosine; 34-37 % uracil. The 5'-end of the genome has a methylated nucleotide cap; cap sequence type is m7G (7-methylguanosine) type 0. Each virion contains a single copy of the genome plus a subgenomic RNA (of 1100 nucleotides packed in low frequency).

GenBank records for nucleotide sequences; complete genome sequences.

Proteins

Proteins constitute about 72% of the particle weight.

The viral genome encodes structural proteins and non-structural proteins. Virions consist of 1 structural protein(s).

Lipids

Lipids are not reported.

Genome Organization and Replication

By itself, genomic nucleic acid is infectious.

Transcription: Sub-genomic RNA is present in infected cells. The genome expression is based on RNA production which can be analyzed by the dsRNA patterns found in the infected tissues. Usually there are 3 virus specified dsRNA species found in infected cells. Size of largest virus specified dsRNA 4.6 kbp. 2nd largest 3 kbp. 3rd largest 1.3 kbp.

Translation: Virions may provide helper functions to dependent virus during replication. Virion acts as helper for a satellite virus (with which it is often found. This satellite virus has virions 15-18 nm in diameter which sediment as one component of 42 S and contain two ssRNAs (14 S and 34 S) and a single polypeptide (Mr 15500)).

Antigenicity

The virus is serologically related to cocksfoot mild mosaic (syn. phleum mottle) and panicum mosaic (syn. molinia streak) viruses. The virus does not show serological relationships to cocksfoot mild mottle virus.

Biological Properties

Natural Host

Domain
Viral hosts belong to the Domain Eucarya.

Domain Eucarya
Kingdom Plantae.

Kingdom Plantae
Phylum Magnoliophyta (Angiosperms, Class Liliopsida (Monocotyledonae).

Severity and Occurrence of Disease

Host: Signs and symptoms persist.

Transmission and Vector Relationships

Transmitted on cutting shears. Virus is transmitted by mechanical inoculation; transmitted by seeds (SAD), or not transmitted by seeds (TS).

Experimental Hosts and Symptoms

Under experimental conditions susceptibility to infection by virus is found in few families. Susceptible host species are found in the Family Gramineae. The following species were susceptible to experimental virus infection: Avena sativa, Eremochloa ophiuroides, Hordeum vulgare, Muhlenbergia schreberi, Panicum dichotomiflorum, Panicum miliaceum, Panicum virgatum, Secale cereale, Setaria italica, Sorghum bicolor, Stenotaphrum secundatum (St. Augustine decline strain), Triticum aestivum, Triticum durum, Zea mays.

Experimentally infected insusceptible Hosts: Families containing insusceptible hosts: Amaranthaceae, Apocynaceae, or Chenopodiaceae, Compositae, Cruciferae, Cucurbitaceae, or Leguminosae-Caesalpinioideae, Leguminosae-Papilionoideae, or Scrophulariaceae, Solanaceae (12 /12), or Tetragoniaceae, Umbelliferae. Species inoculated with virus that do not show signs of susceptibility: Apium graveolens, Beta vulgaris, Brassica oleracea var. capitata, Capsicum frutescens, Cassia occidentalis, Catharanthus roseus, Chenopodium amaranticolor, Chenopodium ambrosioides, Chenopodium capitatum, Chenopodium foetidum, Chenopodium murale, Chenopodium quinoa, Cucumis melo, Cucumis sativus, Cucurbita maxima, Cucurbita pepo, Cyamopsis tetragonoloba, Datura metel, Datura stramonium, Daucus carota, Glycine max, Gomphrena globosa, Helianthus annuus, Lactuca sativa, Lycopersicon esculentum, Medicago sativa, Momordica balsamina, Nicotiana debneyi, Nicotiana glutinosa, Nicotiana megalosiphon, Nicotiana sylvestris, Nicotiana tabacum, Petunia x hybrida, Phaseolus vulgaris, Physalis floridana, Pisum sativum, Solanum melongena, Spinacia oleracea, Tetragonia tetragonioides, Tithonia speciosa, Torenia fournieri, Vigna radiata, Vigna unguiculata, Vigna unguiculata ssp. cylindrica, Zinnia elegans.

Diagnostic Hosts

Diagnostic host species and symptoms:

Zea mays inbred lines Ohio 28 and N28 — mild systemic mosaic (type strain only).

Stenotaphrum secundatum — systemic chlorotic mottling (St. Augustine decline strain only).

Avena sativa, Secale cereale, Hordeum vulgare, Triticum aestivum, Sorghum bicolor — chlorotic local lesions. Diagnostic host: insusceptible host species Nicotiana tabacum, Phaseolus vulgaris, Cucumis sativus, Chenopodium quinoa, Tetragonia tetragonioides.

Maintenance and Propagation Hosts

Most commonly used maintenance and propagation host species are Zea mays inbred line N28 (type strain), Stenotaphrum secundatum (St. Augustine decline strain).

Assay Hosts

Host: Assay hosts (for Local lesions or Whole plants):
Panicum miliaceum (W), Setaria italica (W).

References to host data: McCoy et al. (1969, Niblett and Paulsen (1975).

Histopathology: Virus can be best detected in leaves. Virions are found in the cytoplasm.

Cytopathology: Inclusions are present in infected cells. Inclusion bodies in the host cell are found in the cytoplasm. Cytoplasmic inclusions are crystals. Inclusions contain mature virions. Other cellular changes include disruption of mitochondria and tonoplast.

Geographical Distribution

The virus occurs in Mexico and the United States of America.

List of Strains and Isolates in the Species

Type strain (TS) and St. Augustine decline virus (SAD), probably Molinia streak virus (Paul et al., 1980; Hull, 1988).

References

Haygood, R.A. and Barnett, O.W. (1992). Plant Dis. 76: 46.

Holcomb, G.E. (1974). Proc. Am. Phytopath. Soc. 1: 21.

Holcomb, G.E., Derrick, K.S., Carver, R.B. and Toler, R.W. (1972). Pl. Dis. Reptr 56: 69.

Hull, R. (1988). In: The Plant Viruses, Vol. 3, Polyhedral Virions with Monopartite RNA Genomes, p. 113; ed. R. Koenig. Plenum Press, New York.

Toler, R.W., McCoy, N.L. and Amadok, J. (1969). Pl. Dis. Reptr 53: 955.

Niblett, C.S. and Paulsen, AQ. (1975). Phytopathology 65: 1157.

Niblett, C.L., Paulsen, AQ. and Toler, R.W. (1977). CMI/AAB Descr. Pl. Viruses No. 177, 4 pp.

Paul, H.L., Querfurth, G. and Huth, W. (1980). J. gen. Virol. 47: 67.

Sill, W.H. and Pickett, R.C. (1957). Pl. Dis. Reptr 41: 241.

Sill, W.H. and Talens, L.T. (1962). Pl. Dis. Reptr 46: 780.

The following generic references are cited in the most recent ICTV Report.

PubMed References.

VIDEdB, the plant virus database developed at the Australian National University by Adrian J. Gibbs and collaborators, contains an earlier description with the number 546 by A.A. Brunt, AO Jackson and C.L. Niblett, 1988, Updated by A.A. Brunt, 1992. A description of the virus is found in DPV, a database for plant viruses developed by the Association of Applied Biologists (AAB), with the number 177.

Taxonomic Proposals and Changes

A taxonomic proposal has been submitted to the ICTV by the Plant Virus Subcommittee, Study Group for Tombusviridae at the meeting in San Diego, March 1998 to include a new taxon (in the newly created genus Panicovirus). The proposal has been approved at the meeting of the Executive Committee in San Diego, 1998, the taxon has been designated as Species.



Limit search to: Title & Body Title Document Path
Show Reverse Sort

DELTA - DEscription Language for TAxonomy developed by Dr Mike Dallwitz, Toni Paine and Eric Zurcher, CSIRO Entomology, Canberra, Australia. ICTVdB - The Universal Virus Database, developed for the International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses by Dr Cornelia Büchen-Osmond is written in DELTA. The virus descriptions in ICTVdB are coded by, or using data from experts in the field of virology or members ICTV. The character list is the underlying code. All virus descriptions are based on the character list and natural language translations are automatically generated and formatted for display on the Web from the descriptions in DELTA-format. The description has been generated automatically from DELTA files. DELTA - DEscription Language for TAxonomy developed by Dr Mike Dallwitz, Toni Paine and Eric Zurcher, CSIRO Entomology, Canberra, Australia.

ICTVdB - The Universal Virus Database, developed for the International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses (ICTV) by Dr Cornelia Büchen-Osmond, is written in DELTA. The virus descriptions in ICTVdB are coded by ICTV members and experts, or by the ICTVdB Management using data provided by the experts, the literature or the latest ICTV Report. The character list is the underlying code. All virus descriptions are based on the character list and natural language translations from the encoded descriptions are automatically generated and formatted for display on the Web.

Developer of the DELTA software: M. J. Dallwitz, T. Paine and E. Zurcher

ICTVdB and DELTA related References

Comments to ICTVdB Management
Last updated on 25 April 2006 by Cornelia Büchen-Osmond
Copyright © 2002    International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses.    All rights reserved.


Additional access points to virus species lists, descriptions and images on the web:

Species catalogue                     iSpecies.org - a species search engine           a species search engine

Google Analytics      Google Analytics: activity view