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00.074.0.02.009. Melon necrotic spot virus

Cite this publication as: ICTVdB Management (2006). 00.074.0.02.009. Melon necrotic spot virus. In: ICTVdB - The Universal Virus Database, version 4. Büchen-Osmond, C. (Ed), Columbia University, New York, USA

Cite this site as: ICTVdB - The Universal Virus Database, version 4. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/ICTVdb/ICTVdB/

Table of Contents

Isolate Description

Location: Japan.

Host of Isolate and Habitat Details
Source of isolate: Cucumis melo.

Natural host and symptoms
Cucumis melo — necrotic spotting.

Cucumis sativus — chlorotic spotting.

Reference to Isolation Report
Kishi (1966).

Classification

This is a description of a plant virus at the species level with data on all virus properties from morphology to genome, replication, antigenicity and biological properties.

ICTVdB Virus Code: 00.074.0.02.009. Virus accession number: 74002009. Obsolete virus code: 74.0.2.0.009; superceded accession number: 74020009.
NCBI Taxon Identifier NCBI Taxonomy ID: 11987.

Name, Synonyms and Lineage

ICTV approved acronym: MNSV. Virus is an ICTV approved species of the genus 00.074.0.02. Carmovirus in the family 00.074. Tombusviridae.

Virion Properties

Morphology

Virions consist of a capsid. Virus capsid is not enveloped, round with icosahedral symmetry (T=3). The capsid is isometric and has a diameter of 30 nm. Capsids appear hexagonal in outline. The capsomer arrangement is clearly visible.

Electron microscopic preparation and references: Virus preparation contains few virions. Reference for electron microscopic methods: Hibi and Furuki (1985).

Physicochemical and Physical Properties

Virions have a buoyant density in CsCl of 1.33-1.34 g cm-3 (unfixed). There are 1 sedimenting component(s) found in purified preparations. The sedimentation coefficient is 134 S20w. The thermal inactivation point (TIP) is at 60°C. The longevity in vitro (LIV) is 9-32 days. Although the titer is dependent on the host, the decimal exponent (DEX) of the dilution end point is usually around 4-5.

Nucleic Acid

The Mr of the genome constitutes 17.8% of the virion by weight. The genome is monopartite. Only one particle size of linear, positive-sense, single-stranded RNA is recovered. The complete genome is 4263 nucleotides long, is fully sequenced, complete sequence is 4263 nucleotides long. Sequence has the accession number

[D00562] Em(40)_vi:MNSCP Gb(84)_vi:MNSCP Melon necrotic spot virus coat protein gene, complete cds. 3/92 1,173bp.
[D12536] Em(40)_vi:MNSCG1 Gb(84)_vi:D12536 Melon necrotic spot virus genomic RNA, almost complete sequence. 10/92 4,262bp.
[M29671] Em(40)_vi:MNSCG Gb(84)_vi:MNSCG Melon necrotic spot virus, complete genome. 10/92 4,266bp.
[D29662] Em(43)_vi:Mnscp1 Gb(89)_vi:Mnscp1 Melon necrotic spot virus (strain NH) gene for coat protein. 4/95 1,173bp.
[D29663] Em(43)_vi:Mnscp2 Gb(89)_vi:Mnscp2 Melon necrotic spot virus (strain S) gene for coat protein. 4/95 1,173bp. Reference to nucleotide sequence Hibi et al. (1980).

GenBank records for nucleotide sequences; complete genome sequences.

Proteins

Proteins constitute about 82.2% of the particle weight.

The viral genome encodes structural proteins and non-structural proteins.

Structural Proteins: Reference to method of preparation: Bos et al. (1984).

Lipids

Lipids are not reported.

Translation: The genome replicates in the cytoplasm.

Antigenicity

The virus does not show serological relationships to cucumber necrosis, wild cucumber mosaic, carnation mottle, tobacco necrosis, turnip yellow mosaic, carnation ringspot, cucumber mosaic, Pelargonium leaf curl, squash mosaic, cucumber soil-borne, cucumber leaf spot and tomato bushy stunt viruses.

Biological Properties

Natural Host

Domain
Viral hosts belong to the Domain Eucarya.

Domain Eucarya
Kingdom Plantae.

Kingdom Plantae
Phylum Magnoliophyta (Angiosperms, Class Magnoliopsida (Dicotyledonae).

Class Magnoliopsida (Dicotyledonae)
Subclass DILLENIIDAE.

Severity and Occurrence of Disease

Host: Signs and symptoms persist.

Transmission and Vector Relationships

Virus is transmitted by a vector. Virus is transmitted by mechanical inoculation; transmitted by contact between hosts; transmitted by seeds (10-40% in melon).

Vector Transmission:
Virus is transmitted by fungi; of the order Chytridiales; Olpidium radicale.

Experimental Hosts and Symptoms

Under experimental conditions susceptibility to infection by virus is found in few families. Susceptible host species are found in the Family Cucurbitaceae, Leguminosae-Papilionoideae. The following species were susceptible to experimental virus infection: Citrullus lanatus, Cucumis melo, Cucumis sativus, Cucurbita moschata, Lagenaria siceraria, Vigna unguiculata, Vigna unguiculata ssp. sesquipedalis .

Experimentally infected insusceptible Hosts: Families containing insusceptible hosts: Alliaceae, Amaranthaceae, Chenopodiaceae, Compositae, Cruciferae, Cucurbitaceae, Leguminosae-Papilionoideae, Solanaceae, Umbelliferae. Species inoculated with virus that do not show signs of susceptibility: Allium cepa, Apium graveolens, Beta vulgaris, Brassica campestris ssp. rapa, Brassica oleracea var. capitata, Capsicum annuum, Chenopodium amaranticolor, Chenopodium quinoa, Cucurbita maxima, Cucurbita pepo, Glycine max, Gomphrena globosa, Lactuca sativa, Nicotiana glutinosa, Phaseolus vulgaris, Pisum sativum, Spinacia oleracea, Trifolium repens, Vicia faba.

Diagnostic Hosts

Diagnostic host species and symptoms:

Cucumis melo — necrotic local lesions then, occasionally, systemic necrosis.

Cucumis sativus — chlorotic local lesions then, occasionally, systemic chlorosis or spotting.

Citrullus lanatus — local lesions, not systemic.

Vigna unguiculata ssp. sesquipedalis — necrotic spots; not systemic.

Cucurbita moschata, Lagenaria siceraria — local lesions; not systemic.

Diagnostic host: insusceptible host species Chenopodium amaranticolor, Chenopodium quinoa, Nicotiana glutinosa.

Maintenance and Propagation Hosts

Most commonly used maintenance and propagation host species are Cucumis melo.

Assay Hosts

Host: Assay hosts (for Local lesions or Whole plants):
Cucumis melo (L) and (W) Cucumis sativus (L).

References to host data: Hibi and Furuki (1985, Furuki (1981).

Histopathology: Virus can be best detected in leaves, roots, stems, petioles, fruits and seeds. Virions are found in the cytoplasm and cell vacuole.

Cytopathology: Inclusions are present in infected cells. Inclusion bodies in the host cell are found in the cytoplasm. Cytoplasmic inclusions are crystals. Inclusions contain mature virions.

Geographical Distribution

The virus occurs in Japan, the Netherlands, the United Kingdom, and the United States of America.

List of Strains and Isolates in the Species

Japanese isolate, Californian isolate, European isolate.

References

Bos, L., van Dorst, H.J.M., Huttinga, H. and Maat, D.Z. (1984). Neth. J. Pl. Path. 90: 55.

Furuki, I. (1981). Tech. Bull. Shizuoka Agric. Exp. Stn 14: 94.

Hibi, T., Furuki, I., Honda, Y., Saito, Y. and Komuro, Y. (1980). Ann. Phytopath. Soc. Japan 46: 419.

Hibi, T. and Furuki, I. (1985). CMI/AAB Descr. Pl. Viruses No. 302, 4 pp.

Kishi, K. (1966). Ann. Phytopath. Soc. Japan 32: 138.

Riviere, C.J. and Rochon, DM (1990). J. gen. Virol.69: 395.

Tomlinson, J.A. and Thomas, B.J. (1986). Ann. appl. Biol. 108: 71.

The following generic references are cited in the most recent ICTV Report.

PubMed References.

VIDEdB, the plant virus database developed at the Australian National University by Adrian J. Gibbs and collaborators, contains an earlier description with the number 487 by T. Hibi, 1986. A description of the virus is found in DPV, a database for plant viruses developed by the Association of Applied Biologists (AAB), with the number 302.



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DELTA - DEscription Language for TAxonomy developed by Dr Mike Dallwitz, Toni Paine and Eric Zurcher, CSIRO Entomology, Canberra, Australia. ICTVdB - The Universal Virus Database, developed for the International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses by Dr Cornelia Büchen-Osmond is written in DELTA. The virus descriptions in ICTVdB are coded by, or using data from experts in the field of virology or members ICTV. The character list is the underlying code. All virus descriptions are based on the character list and natural language translations are automatically generated and formatted for display on the Web from the descriptions in DELTA-format. The description has been generated automatically from DELTA files. DELTA - DEscription Language for TAxonomy developed by Dr Mike Dallwitz, Toni Paine and Eric Zurcher, CSIRO Entomology, Canberra, Australia.

ICTVdB - The Universal Virus Database, developed for the International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses (ICTV) by Dr Cornelia Büchen-Osmond, is written in DELTA. The virus descriptions in ICTVdB are coded by ICTV members and experts, or by the ICTVdB Management using data provided by the experts, the literature or the latest ICTV Report. The character list is the underlying code. All virus descriptions are based on the character list and natural language translations from the encoded descriptions are automatically generated and formatted for display on the Web.

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Last updated on 25 April 2006 by Cornelia Büchen-Osmond
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