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00.071.0.01.008. Ribgrass mosaic virus

Cite this publication as: ICTVdB Management (2006). 00.071.0.01.008. Ribgrass mosaic virus. In: ICTVdB - The Universal Virus Database, version 4. Büchen-Osmond, C. (Ed), Columbia University, New York, USA

Cite this site as: ICTVdB - The Universal Virus Database, version 4. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/ICTVdb/ICTVdB/

Table of Contents

Isolate Description

Location: New Jersey; the United States of America.

Host of Isolate and Habitat Details
Source of isolate: Plantago lanceolata.

Natural host and symptoms
Plantago lanceolata, P. major — chlorotic mottling and rings.

Digitalis lanata — mosaic.

Rorippa amphibia — mild mottling and necrotic lines.

Rorippa sylvestris — symptomless carrier.

Eutrema wasabi — mottling.

Sisymbrium loeselii — yellow leaf edges and vein clearing.

Melandrium album — chlorotic ringspots and lines.

Nicotiana tabacum — stunting and necrosis.

Reference to Isolation Report
Holmes (1941).

Classification

This is a description of a plant virus at the species level with data on all virus properties from morphology to genome, replication, antigenicity and biological properties.

ICTVdB Virus Code: 00.071.0.01.008. Virus accession number: 71001008. Obsolete virus code: 71.0.1.0.008; superceded accession number: 71010008.
NCBI Taxon Identifier NCBI Taxonomy ID: 51680.

Name, Synonyms and Lineage

Synonym(s): Holmes' ribgrass virus, plantago mosaic virus, ribgrass strain of tobacco mosaic virus, rai mosaic virus, youcai mosaic virus. ICTV approved acronym: RMV. Virus is an ICTV approved species of the genus 00.071.0.01. Tobamovirus; not assigned to a family.

Virion Properties

Morphology

Virions consist of a capsid. Virus capsid is not enveloped. Capsid/nucleocapsid is elongated with helical symmetry. The capsid is rod-shaped, straight with a clear modal length with a length of 300 nm and a width of 18 nm. Axial canal is distinct; c. 4 nm in diameter. Basic helix is obvious. Pitch of helix is 2.3 nm.

Electron microscopic preparation and references: Virus preparation contains many virions. Reference for electron microscopic methods: Siegel and Wildman (1954).

Physicochemical and Physical Properties

Virions have a buoyant density in CsCl of c. 1.37 g cm-3. There are 1 sedimenting component(s) found in purified preparations. The sedimentation coefficient is 180-200 S20w. Isoelectric point pH is 4.49. The thermal inactivation point (TIP) is at 93°C. The longevity in vitro (LIV) is 160 days (or more at 20-25°C). Although the titer is dependent on the host, the decimal exponent (DEX) of the dilution end point is usually around 6-7. The infectivity is decreased when deproteinized with proteases; retained when deproteinized with phenol or detergent.

Nucleic Acid

The Mr of the genome constitutes 5% of the virion by weight. The genome is not segmented and contains a single molecule of linear positive-sense, single-stranded RNA. Minor species of non-genomic nucleic acid are not found in virions. The complete genome is 6500 nucleotides long. Genome is sequenced, but only an estimate is available, complete sequence is 6500 nucleotides long. The genome has a base ratio of 25.8 % guanine; 29.3 % adenine; 18 % cytosine; 27 % uracil. The 5'-end of the genome has a methylated nucleotide cap (m7GpppX). Reference to nucleotide sequence Fraenkel-Conrat et al. (1961).

GenBank records for nucleotide sequences; complete genome sequences.

Proteins

Proteins constitute about 95% of the particle weight.

The viral genome encodes structural proteins and non-structural proteins. Virions consist of 1 structural protein(s).

Structural Proteins: Reference to method of preparation: Fraenkel-Conrat (1957).

Lipids

Lipids are not reported.

Transcription: Sub-genomic RNA is possibly present in infected cells.

Translation: Coat protein mRNA is translated in the cytoplasm, possibly.

Antigenicity

The virus is serologically related to all tobamoviruses to a greater or lesser extent, and this is correlated with their virion protein sequence similarities (Gibbs, 1986). Distant serological relationship with broad bean necrosis, potato mop—top and soil—borne wheat mosaic (Van Regenmortel, 1982).

Biological Properties

Natural Host

Domain
Viral hosts belong to the Domain Eucarya.

Domain Eucarya
Kingdom Plantae.

Kingdom Plantae
Phylum Magnoliophyta (Angiosperms, Class Magnoliopsida (Dicotyledonae).

Class Magnoliopsida (Dicotyledonae)
Subclass ASTERIDAE.

Severity and Occurrence of Disease

Host: Signs and symptoms persist.

Transmission and Vector Relationships

Virus is not transmitted by a vector. Virus is transmitted by mechanical inoculation; transmitted by grafting; transmitted by contact between hosts.

Experimental Hosts and Symptoms

Under experimental conditions susceptibility to infection by virus is found in many families. Susceptible host species are found in the Family Amaranthaceae, Caryophyllaceae, Chenopodiaceae, Compositae, Cruciferae, Cucurbitaceae, Gramineae, Labiatae, Leguminosae-Papilionoideae, Plantaginaceae, Polemoniaceae, Scrophulariaceae, Solanaceae, Tetragoniaceae, Tropaeolaceae. The following species were susceptible to experimental virus infection: Amaranthus caudatus, Amaranthus retroflexus, Beta vulgaris, Brassica campestris, Brassica campestris ssp. napus, Brassica campestris ssp. pekinensis, Brassica campestris ssp. rapa, Brassica juncea, Brassica nigra, Brassica oleracea var. botrytis, Brassica oleracea var. capitata, Capsicum annuum, Capsicum frutescens, Chenopodium album, Chenopodium amaranticolor, Chenopodium hybridum, Chenopodium murale, Chenopodium quinoa, Cichorium endiva, Citrullus lanatus, Cucumis sativus, Cyphomandra betacea, Datura metel, Datura stramonium, Datura tatula, Digitalis lanata, Eutrema wasabi, Gomphrena globosa, Hordeum vulgare, Hyoscyamus niger, Lactuca sativa, Lupinus albus, Lycopersicon esculentum, Lycopersicon pimpinellifolium, Melandrium album, Momordica charantia, Nicandra physalodes, Nicotiana clevelandii, Nicotiana debneyi, Nicotiana glutinosa, Nicotiana megalosiphon, Nicotiana rustica, Nicotiana sylvestris, Nicotiana tabacum, Ocimum basilicum, Petunia x hybrida, Phlox drummondii, Physalis peruviana, Pisum sativum, Plantago lanceolata, Plantago major, Raphanus sativus, Rorippa amphibia, Rorippa sylvestris, Sisymbrium loeselii, Solanum melongena, Solanum nigrum, Spinacia oleracea, Stellaria media, Tetragonia tetragonioides, Triticum aestivum, Tropaeolum majus, Vicia faba, Vigna unguiculata ssp. sesquipedalis , Zinnia elegans.

Experimentally infected insusceptible Hosts: Families containing insusceptible hosts: Cucurbitaceae, Leguminosae-Papilionoideae. Species inoculated with virus that do not show signs of susceptibility: Cucumis melo, Phaseolus vulgaris, Vicia sativa.

Diagnostic Hosts

Diagnostic host species and symptoms:

Nicotiana tabacum cv. Xanthi-nc — brown necrotic local lesions; not systemic.

Nicotiana tabacum cv. Samsun — necrotic concentric rings and line patterns.

Nicotiana glutinosa, N. sylvestris, Petunia x hybrida — brown necrotic local lesions; not systemic.

Chenopodium amaranticolor — small necrotic local lesions, occasional systemic necrotic spotting.

Cyphomandra betacea — chlorotic local lesions; systemic mosaic and deformation.

Momordica charantia — necrotic local lesions; not systemic.

Brassica campestris ssp. rapa, B. nigra — systemic mosaic symptoms or symptomless carrier.

Diagnostic host: insusceptible host species Phaseolus vulgaris.

Maintenance and Propagation Hosts

Most commonly used maintenance and propagation host species are Nicotiana tabacum cv. Samsun.

Assay Hosts

Host: Assay hosts (for Local lesions or Whole plants):
Nicotiana tabacum cv. Xanthi-nc (L, N. glutinosa (L, N. sylvestris (L, N. tabacum cv. Samsun (W, Chenopodium amaranticolor (L).

References to host data: Oshima et al., (1974, Schumann (1963, Kovachevsky (1963, Fujisawa et al. (1982).

Histopathology: Virus can be best detected in all parts of the host plant. Virions are found in the cytoplasm and cell vacuole.

Cytopathology: Inclusions are present in infected cells. Inclusion bodies in the host cell are found in the cytoplasm. Cytoplasmic inclusions are crystals and amorphous X-bodies. Inclusions contain mature virions.

Geographical Distribution

The virus is probably distributed worldwide.

List of Strains and Isolates in the Species

Primula isolate, RMV-K, TMV-C, Wasabi isolate.

References

Chessin, M., Zaitlin, M. and Solberg, R.A. (1967). Phytopathology 57: 452.

Fraenkel-Conrat, H. (1957). Virology 4: 1.

Fraenkel-Conrat, H., Singer, B. and Tsugita, A (1961). Virology 14: 54.

Fujisawa, K., Tsuchizaki, T. and Iizuka, N. (1982). Ann. Phytopath. Soc. Japan 48: 592.

Gibbs, AJ. (1986). In: The Plant Viruses, Vol. 2, The Rod-Shaped Plant Viruses, p. 167; eds M.H.V. van Regenmortel and H. Fraenkel-Conrat Plenum Press, New York.

Goto, T. and Oshima, N. (1962). Ann. Phytopath. Soc. Japan 27: 109.

Holmes, F.O. (1941). Phytopathology 31: 1089.

JureticH, N., MilicHicH, D. and Mamula, D. (1973). Acta bot. CroAT 32: 29.

Kovachevsky, I.C. (1963). Phytopath. Z. 49: 127.

Kovachevsky, I.C. (1969). Proc. 7th Conf. Czechoslov. Pl. Virol., Olomouc, 1967, p. 250.

Oshima, N. and Harrison, BD (1975). CMI/AAB Descr. Pl. Viruses No. 152, 4 pp.

Oshima, N., Ohashi, Y. and Ume K. (1974). Ann. Phytopath. Soc. Japan 40: 241.

Polak, Z. (1962). Proc. 5th Conf. Czechoslov. Pl. Virol., Prague, 1962, p. 168.

Schumann, K. (1963). Phytopath. Z. 48: 1.

Siegel, A and Wildmann, S.G. (1954). Phytopathology 54: 277.

Tochihara, H., Komuro, Y. and Kobari, Y. (1964). Proc. Kanto Pl. Prot. Soc. 11: 46.

Van Regenmortel, M.H.V. (1982). In: Serology and Immunochemistry of Plant Viruses, p. 147 and p. 166. Academic Press, New York.

Zhu, P.K., Lu, M.K., Wang, M.Q., Xia, Y.N., Sun, X.G., Jin, C.X. and Shen, Q. (1984). Acta phytopath. Sin. 14: 59.
The following generic references are cited in the most recent ICTV Report.

PubMed References.

VIDEdB, the plant virus database developed at the Australian National University by Adrian J. Gibbs and collaborators, contains an earlier description with the number 683 by N. Oshima, 1986. A description of the virus is found in DPV, a database for plant viruses developed by the Association of Applied Biologists (AAB), with the number 152.



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DELTA - DEscription Language for TAxonomy developed by Dr Mike Dallwitz, Toni Paine and Eric Zurcher, CSIRO Entomology, Canberra, Australia. ICTVdB - The Universal Virus Database, developed for the International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses by Dr Cornelia Büchen-Osmond is written in DELTA. The virus descriptions in ICTVdB are coded by, or using data from experts in the field of virology or members ICTV. The character list is the underlying code. All virus descriptions are based on the character list and natural language translations are automatically generated and formatted for display on the Web from the descriptions in DELTA-format. The description has been generated automatically from DELTA files. DELTA - DEscription Language for TAxonomy developed by Dr Mike Dallwitz, Toni Paine and Eric Zurcher, CSIRO Entomology, Canberra, Australia.

ICTVdB - The Universal Virus Database, developed for the International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses (ICTV) by Dr Cornelia Büchen-Osmond, is written in DELTA. The virus descriptions in ICTVdB are coded by ICTV members and experts, or by the ICTVdB Management using data provided by the experts, the literature or the latest ICTV Report. The character list is the underlying code. All virus descriptions are based on the character list and natural language translations from the encoded descriptions are automatically generated and formatted for display on the Web.

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