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00.071.0.01.005. Odontoglossum ringspot virus

Cite this publication as: ICTVdB Management (2006). 00.071.0.01.005. Odontoglossum ringspot virus. In: ICTVdB - The Universal Virus Database, version 4. Büchen-Osmond, C. (Ed), Columbia University, New York, USA

Cite this site as: ICTVdB - The Universal Virus Database, version 4. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/ICTVdb/ICTVdB/

Table of Contents

Isolate Description

Location: the United States of America.

Host of Isolate and Habitat Details
Source of isolate: Odontoglossum grande.

Natural host and symptoms
Odontoglossum grande — ringspots.

Cymbidium ssp. — 'diamond' mottle.

More than 20 genera of orchids are reported to be infected by Odontoglossum ringspot virus and show flower colour-breaking, chlorotic streaking, mosaic or necrosis. Symptomless in some cultivars.

Reference to Isolation Report
Jensen and Gold (1951).

Classification

This is a description of a plant virus at the species level with data on all virus properties from morphology to genome, replication, antigenicity and biological properties.

ICTVdB Virus Code: 00.071.0.01.005. Virus accession number: 71001005. Obsolete virus code: 71.0.1.0.005; superceded accession number: 71010005.
NCBI Taxon Identifier NCBI Taxonomy ID: 12238.

Name, Synonyms and Lineage

Synonym(s): tobacco mosaic virus — orchid strain (Jensen and Gold, 1951; Kado et al., 1968). ICTV approved acronym: ORSV. Virus is an ICTV approved species. Virus is of the genus 00.071.0.01. Tobamovirus; not assigned to a family.

Virion Properties

Morphology

Virions consist of a capsid. Virus capsid is not enveloped. Capsid/nucleocapsid is elongated with helical symmetry. The capsid is rod-shaped, straight with a clear modal length with a length of mostly 300 nm (but also shorter, broken virions, width of 18 nm. Axial canal is distinct.

Electron microscopic preparation and references: Virus preparation contains many virions.

Physicochemical and Physical Properties

Virions have a buoyant density in CsCl of 1.25 g cm-3 (unfixed). There are 2 sedimenting component(s) found in purified preparations. The sedimentation coefficient is of the longer virions 212 S20w; of the other(s) are 119 S20w (of the shorter virions). A260/A280 ratio is 0.99 (for predominantly longer virions), or 0.63 (for the shorter virions; both values corrected for scattering). The thermal inactivation point (TIP) is at 90°C. Although the titer is dependent on the host, the decimal exponent (DEX) of the dilution end point is usually around 6. The infectivity is not changed by treatment with ether.

Nucleic Acid

The Mr of the genome constitutes 5% of the virion by weight. The genome is not segmented and contains a single molecule of linear positive-sense, single-stranded RNA, is partially sequenced. Sequence has the accession number

[X55295] Em(40)_vi:TOORCOAT Gb(84)_vi:TOORCOAT Odontoglossum ringspot virus coat protein gene. 12/91 891bp.
[X55296] Em(40)_vi:ORVTRANS Gb(84)_vi:ORVTRANS Odontoglossum ringspot virus cell-to-cell transport gene. 12/90 912bp.
[X80053] Gb(84)_vi:ORSPVCY Odontoglossum ringspot Virus-Cy RNA. 7/94 1,015bp.
[X78966] Em(43)_vi:Orsvcp Gb(89)n:Orsvcp Odontoglossum Ringspot Virus (strain Cy) coat protein mRNA. 5/95 900bp.
[X82130] Em(43)_vi:Orsvrna Gb(89)_vi:Orsvrna Odontoglossum ringspot virus RNA for replicase, movement protein and coat protein genes. 10/9.

GenBank records for nucleotide sequences; complete genome sequences.

Proteins

The viral genome encodes structural proteins and non-structural proteins. Virions consist of 1 structural protein(s).

Structural Proteins: Reference to method of preparation: Paul and Buchta (1971, Henning (1972).

Reference to amino acid sequence or composition Henning (1972).

Lipids

Lipids are not reported.

Antigenicity

The virus is serologically related to Cucumber green mottle mosaic, ribgrass mosaic, Tomato mosaic, tobacco mosaic and tobacco mild green mosaic viruses (see Dubs and Regenmortel, 1990).

Local lesions caused by the type strain are larger than those of Corbett's (1967) isolate TMV-O.

Diagnostics and Reference Collections

The best tests for diagnosis are this virus differs from all others known to infect orchids by its virion morphology, and by its ability to induce necrotic local lesions in Nicotiana tabacum cv. Xanthi.

Biological Properties

Natural Host

Domain
Viral hosts belong to the Domain Eucarya.

Domain Eucarya
Kingdom Plantae.

Kingdom Plantae
Phylum Magnoliophyta (Angiosperms, Class Liliopsida (Monocotyledonae).

Transmission and Vector Relationships

Virus is not transmitted by a vector. Virus is transmitted by mechanical inoculation.

Experimental Hosts and Symptoms

Under experimental conditions susceptibility to infection by virus is found in several families. Susceptible host species are found in the Family Amaranthaceae, Chenopodiaceae, Compositae, Leguminosae-Caesalpinioideae, Orchidaceae, Solanaceae, Tetragoniaceae. The following species were susceptible to experimental virus infection: Beta vulgaris, Cassia occidentalis, Chenopodium amaranticolor, Chenopodium quinoa, Cymbidium alexanderi, Gomphrena globosa, Nicotiana clevelandii, Nicotiana glutinosa, Nicotiana tabacum, Odontoglossum grande, Tetragonia tetragonioides, Zinnia elegans.

Diagnostic Hosts

Diagnostic host species and symptoms:

Nicotiana tabacum cv. Xanthi-nc — necrotic local lesions in older leaves, ring-like local lesions in younger leaves.

Cassia occidentalis, Chenopodium amaranticolor — pinpoint necrotic spots.

The symptoms induced in orchids are not diagnostic.

Maintenance and Propagation Hosts

Most commonly used maintenance and propagation host species are Nicotiana tabacum cv. Samsun, Nicotiana clevelandii.

Assay Hosts

Host: Assay hosts (for Local lesions or Whole plants):
Chenopodium quinoa (L), Nicotiana tabacum cv. Xanthi-nc (L).

References to host data: Paul et al. (1965, Lawson and Ali (1975).

Histopathology: Virus can be best detected in mesophyll, epidermis and vascular parenchyma. Virions are found in the chloroplast and cytoplasm (very occasionally).

Cytopathology: Inclusions are present in infected cells. Inclusion bodies in the host cell are found in the cytoplasm. Cytoplasmic inclusions are crystals.

Geographical Distribution

The virus is probably distributed worldwide.

References

Corbett, M.K. (1967). Phytopathology 57: 164.

Dubs, M.C. and van Regenmortel, M.H.V. (1990). Arch. Virol. 115: 239.

Edwardson, J.R. and Zettler, F.W. (1986). In: The Plant Viruses, Vol. 2, The Rod-Shaped Plant Viruses, pp. 233-247; eds M.H.V. van Regenmortel and H. Fraenkel-Conrat Plenum Press, New York.

Hennig, B. (1972). In: Atlas of Protein Sequence and Structure, Vol. 5, D287; ed. M.O. Dayhoff. National Biomedical Research Foundation, Washington.

Jensen, D.D. and Gold, H.A. (1951). Phytopathology 41: 648.

Kado, C.I., van Regenmortel, M.H.V. and Knight, CA (1968). Virology 34: 17.

Lawson, RH and Ali, S. (1975). In: Handbook on Orchid Pests and Diseases, pp. 62-103. American Orchid Society, Cambridge, Mass., U.S.A.

Paul, H.L. (1975). CMI/AAB Descr. Pl. Viruses No. 155, 4 pp.

Paul, H.L. and Buchta, U. (1971). J. gen. Virol. 11: 11.

Paul, H.L., Wetter, K., Wittmann, H.G. and Brandes, J. (1965). Z. VererbLehre 97: 186.

The following generic references are cited in the most recent ICTV Report.

PubMed References.

VIDEdB, the plant virus database developed at the Australian National University by Adrian J. Gibbs and collaborators, contains an earlier description with the number 531 by D.-E. Lesemann and P. Beetham, 1986.

A description of the virus is found in DPV, a database for plant viruses developed by the Association of Applied Biologists (AAB), with the number 155.



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DELTA - DEscription Language for TAxonomy developed by Dr Mike Dallwitz, Toni Paine and Eric Zurcher, CSIRO Entomology, Canberra, Australia. ICTVdB - The Universal Virus Database, developed for the International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses by Dr Cornelia Büchen-Osmond is written in DELTA. The virus descriptions in ICTVdB are coded by, or using data from experts in the field of virology or members ICTV. The character list is the underlying code. All virus descriptions are based on the character list and natural language translations are automatically generated and formatted for display on the Web from the descriptions in DELTA-format. The description has been generated automatically from DELTA files. DELTA - DEscription Language for TAxonomy developed by Dr Mike Dallwitz, Toni Paine and Eric Zurcher, CSIRO Entomology, Canberra, Australia.

ICTVdB - The Universal Virus Database, developed for the International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses (ICTV) by Dr Cornelia Büchen-Osmond, is written in DELTA. The virus descriptions in ICTVdB are coded by ICTV members and experts, or by the ICTVdB Management using data provided by the experts, the literature or the latest ICTV Report. The character list is the underlying code. All virus descriptions are based on the character list and natural language translations from the encoded descriptions are automatically generated and formatted for display on the Web.

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Last updated on 25 April 2006 by Cornelia Büchen-Osmond
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