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00.071.0.01.003. Frangipani mosaic virus

Cite this publication as: ICTVdB Management (2006). 00.071.0.01.003. Frangipani mosaic virus. In: ICTVdB - The Universal Virus Database, version 4. Büchen-Osmond, C. (Ed), Columbia University, New York, USA

Cite this site as: ICTVdB - The Universal Virus Database, version 4. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/ICTVdb/ICTVdB/

Table of Contents

Isolate Description

Location: India (and Australia).

Host of Isolate and Habitat Details
Source of isolate: Plumeria acutifolia, P. alba.

Natural host and symptoms
Plumeria acutifolia — mosaic, ringspots, vein banding, bronzing.

P. alba — ringspots, leaf malformation, necrosis. Comments on host and host range: FMV requires high temperatures for replication. More species become infected at temperatures above 25°C than below. Symptoms appear in 3-6 days at 35°C, but after 2 weeks or more at 22°C.

Reference to Isolation Report
Francki et al. (1971, Varma and Gibbs (1978).

Classification

This is a description of a plant virus at the species level with data on all virus properties from morphology to genome, replication, antigenicity and biological properties.

ICTVdB Virus Code: 00.071.0.01.003. Virus accession number: 71001003. Obsolete virus code: 71.0.1.0.003; superceded accession number: 71010003.
NCBI Taxon Identifier NCBI Taxonomy ID: 99585.

Name, Synonyms and Lineage

Synonym(s): temple tree mosaic virus, champa mosaic virus. ICTV approved acronym: FrMV. Virus is an ICTV approved species of the genus 00.071.0.01. Tobamovirus; not assigned to a family.

Virion Properties

Morphology

Virions consist of a capsid. Virus capsid is not enveloped. Capsid/nucleocapsid is elongated with helical symmetry. The capsid is rod-shaped, straight with a clear modal length with a length of 297 nm and a width of 17 nm. Axial canal is distinct.

Electron microscopic preparation and references: Virus preparation contains many virions. Reference for electron microscopic methods: Varma et al. (1970).

Physicochemical and Physical Properties

There are 1 sedimenting component(s) found in purified preparations. The sedimentation coefficient is 188 S20w. The thermal inactivation point (TIP) is at 95°C. The longevity in vitro (LIV) is 70 days (or more). Although the titer is dependent on the host, the decimal exponent (DEX) of the dilution end point is usually around 5.

Nucleic Acid

The Mr of the genome constitutes 5% of the virion by weight. The genome is not segmented and contains a single molecule of linear positive-sense, single-stranded RNA.

GenBank records for nucleotide sequences; complete genome sequences.

Proteins

Proteins constitute about 95% of the particle weight.

The viral genome encodes structural proteins and non-structural proteins. Virions consist of 1 structural protein(s).

Structural Proteins: Reference to method of preparation: Francki et al. (1971).

Reference to amino acid sequence or composition Francki et al. (1971).

Lipids

Lipids are not reported.

Antigenicity

The virus is serologically related to Cucumber green mottle mosaic and Sunn-hemp mosaic viruses are closely related; tobacco mosaic virus-type strain, tobacco mild green mosaic (U2), Tomato mosaic and ribgrass mosaic viruses are more distantly related (Francki et al., 1971). Nucleic hybridization tests have confirmed the relatedness of Tomato mosaic and tobacco mild green mosaic viruses (Palukaitis and Symons, 1980; Palukaitis et al., 1981). The virus does not show serological relationships to Sammons' opuntia virus.

Biological Properties

Natural Host

Domain
Viral hosts belong to the Domain Eucarya.

Domain Eucarya
Kingdom Plantae.

Kingdom Plantae
Phylum Magnoliophyta (Angiosperms, Class Magnoliopsida (Dicotyledonae).

Severity and Occurrence of Disease

Host: Signs and symptoms persist.

Transmission and Vector Relationships

Virus is not transmitted by a vector. Virus is transmitted by mechanical inoculation.

Experimental Hosts and Symptoms

Under experimental conditions susceptibility to infection by virus is found in several families. Susceptible host species are found in the Family Apocynaceae, Chenopodiaceae, Solanaceae. The following species were susceptible to experimental virus infection: Chenopodium quinoa, Datura stramonium, Nicotiana clevelandii, Nicotiana glutinosa, Nicotiana tabacum, Nicotiana x edwardsonii, Plumeria acutifolia, Plumeria alba.

Experimentally infected insusceptible Hosts: Families containing insusceptible hosts: Chenopodiaceae, Cucurbitaceae, or Leguminosae-Papilionoideae. Species inoculated with virus that do not show signs of susceptibility: Chenopodium amaranticolor, Cucumis sativus, Cucurbita pepo, Phaseolus vulgaris.

Diagnostic Hosts

Diagnostic host species and symptoms:

Datura stramonium — chlorotic or black necrotic local lesions; most strains not systemic.

Nicotiana glutinosa — chlorotic local lesions, not systemic.

Nicotiana tabacum cvs Samsun, Virginia Gold, White Burley — chlorotic or necrotic ringspots, then systemically when grown at 35°C.

Nicotiana x edwardsonii — faint chlorotic lesions which become necrotic when plants are grown at 35°C. Not systemic.

Diagnostic host: insusceptible host species Chenopodium amaranticolor, Cucumis sativus, Phaseolus vulgaris.

Maintenance and Propagation Hosts

Most commonly used maintenance and propagation host species are Nicotiana glutinosa.

Assay Hosts

Host: Assay hosts (for Local lesions or Whole plants):
Datura stramonium (L).

References to host data: Varma and Gibbs (1978).

Histopathology: Virus can be best detected in mesophyll. Virions are found in the cytoplasm.

Cytopathology: Inclusions are present in infected cells. Inclusion bodies in the host cell are found in the cytoplasm. Cytoplasmic inclusions are crystals. Inclusions contain mature virions.

Geographical Distribution

The virus occurs in Australia, India, and Kenya.

List of Strains and Isolates in the Species

Adel (Adelaide), Ald (Allahabad), Del (Delhi).

References

Francki, RIB., Zaitlin, M. and Grivell, C.J. (1971). Aust. J. biol. Sci. 24: 815.

Varma, A and Gibbs, AJ. (1978). CMI/AAB Descr. Pl. Viruses No. 196, 4 pp.

Palukaitis, P. and Symons, RH (1980). Virology 107: 354.

Palukaitis, P., Randles, J.W., Tian, Y.C., Kang, L.Y. and Tien, P. (1981). Intervirology 16: 136.

Varma, A, Gibbs, AJ. and Woods, R.D. (1970). J. gen. Virol. 8: 21.

The following generic references are cited in the most recent ICTV Report.

PubMed References.

VIDEdB, the plant virus database developed at the Australian National University by Adrian J. Gibbs and collaborators, contains an earlier description with the number 345 by A. Varma, 1984. A description of the virus is found in DPV, a database for plant viruses developed by the Association of Applied Biologists (AAB), with the number 196.



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DELTA - DEscription Language for TAxonomy developed by Dr Mike Dallwitz, Toni Paine and Eric Zurcher, CSIRO Entomology, Canberra, Australia. ICTVdB - The Universal Virus Database, developed for the International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses by Dr Cornelia Büchen-Osmond is written in DELTA. The virus descriptions in ICTVdB are coded by, or using data from experts in the field of virology or members ICTV. The character list is the underlying code. All virus descriptions are based on the character list and natural language translations are automatically generated and formatted for display on the Web from the descriptions in DELTA-format. The description has been generated automatically from DELTA files. DELTA - DEscription Language for TAxonomy developed by Dr Mike Dallwitz, Toni Paine and Eric Zurcher, CSIRO Entomology, Canberra, Australia.

ICTVdB - The Universal Virus Database, developed for the International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses (ICTV) by Dr Cornelia Büchen-Osmond, is written in DELTA. The virus descriptions in ICTVdB are coded by ICTV members and experts, or by the ICTVdB Management using data provided by the experts, the literature or the latest ICTV Report. The character list is the underlying code. All virus descriptions are based on the character list and natural language translations from the encoded descriptions are automatically generated and formatted for display on the Web.

Developer of the DELTA software: M. J. Dallwitz, T. Paine and E. Zurcher

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Last updated on 25 April 2006 by Cornelia Büchen-Osmond
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