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00.067.0.81.012. Cocksfoot mild mosaic virus

Cite this publication as: ICTVdB Management (2006). 00.067.0.81.012. Cocksfoot mild mosaic virus. In: ICTVdB - The Universal Virus Database, version 4. Büchen-Osmond, C. (Ed), Columbia University, New York, USA

Cite this site as: ICTVdB - The Universal Virus Database, version 4. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/ICTVdb/ICTVdB/

Table of Contents

Isolate Description

Location: the U.K. and Germany; the United Kingdom.

Host of Isolate and Habitat Details
Source of isolate: Phleum pratense, Dactylis glomerata.

Natural host and symptoms
Agrostis stolonifera, Bromus mollis, Dactylis glomerata, Festuca pratensis, Holcus lanatus, Phleum pratense, Poa trivialis — faint leaf chlorosis.

Reference to Isolation Report
Carr (1966, Huth (1968).

Classification

This is a description of a plant virus at the species level with data on all virus properties from morphology to genome, replication, antigenicity and biological properties.

ICTVdB Virus Code: 00.067.0.81.012. Virus accession number: 67081012. Obsolete virus code: 67.0.1.T.012; superceded accession number: 6701t012.

Name, Synonyms and Lineage

ICTV approved acronym: CMMV. Virus is a tentative member of the genus 00.067.0.01. Sobemovirus; not assigned to a family.

Virion Properties

Morphology

Virions consist of a capsid. Virus capsid is not enveloped, round with icosahedral symmetry. The isometric capsid has a diameter of 28 nm. Capsids appear hexagonal in outline.

Electron microscopic preparation and references: Virus preparation contains many virions. Reference for electron microscopic methods: Huth et al. (1970).

Physicochemical and Physical Properties

There are 1 sedimenting component(s) found in purified preparations. The sedimentation coefficient is 105 S20w (~1). A260/A280 ratio is 1.65 (~0.02). The thermal inactivation point (TIP) is at 80-85°C. The longevity in vitro (LIV) is 3 days. Although the titer is dependent on the host, the decimal exponent (DEX) of the dilution end point is usually around 5.

Nucleic Acid

The Mr of the genome constitutes 23.5% of the virion by weight. The genome is monopartite. Only one particle size of linear, positive-sense, single-stranded RNA is recovered. Minor species of genomic nucleic acid are sometimes found in addition to the full length genome; there are 1 minor species found (of 1.5 kb). The complete genome is 5700 nucleotides long. Genome is sequenced, but only an estimate is available, complete sequence is 5700 nucleotides long. The genome has a base ratio of 26.6 % guanine; 23.4 % adenine; 28.4 % cytosine; 21.6 % uracil.

Proteins

Proteins constitute about 76.5% of the particle weight.

The viral genome encodes structural proteins and non-structural proteins. Virions consist of 1 structural protein(s).

Lipids

Lipids are not reported.

Antigenicity

The virus is distantly serologically related to Molinia streak virus (Querfurth and Bercks, 1976), which is now considered to be a strain of panicum mosaic virus (Paul et al., 1980). There have also been unconfirmed and disputed reports of serological cross-reactions with virions of tobacco mosaic virus and some viruses of the turnip yellow mosaic virus group.

Diagnostics and Reference Collections

The best tests for diagnosis are cocksfoot mottle and cocksfoot streak viruses are often found in mixed infections in Dactylis glomerata and the quickest diagnostic method is by serological testing.

Biological Properties

Natural Host

Domain
Viral hosts belong to the Domain Eucarya.

Domain Eucarya
Kingdom Plantae.

Kingdom Plantae
Phylum Magnoliophyta (Angiosperms, Class Magnoliopsida (Dicotyledonae).

General Symptoms in Plants Symptoms light green streaks.

Severity and Occurrence of Disease

Host: Signs and symptoms persist and vary seasonally.

Transmission and Vector Relationships

Virus is transmitted by a vector. Virus is transmitted by mechanical inoculation; not transmitted by contact between hosts; not transmitted by seeds; not transmitted by pollen.

Vector Transmission:
Virus is transmitted by arthropods, by insects of the order Hemiptera and Coleoptera (inefficiently, and probably non-specifically, arthropod-borne virus is transmitted by family Aphididae.

Experimental Hosts and Symptoms

Under experimental conditions susceptibility to infection by virus is found in few families. Susceptible host species are found in the Family Gramineae. The following species were susceptible to experimental virus infection: Agrostis stolonifera, Avena sativa, Avena strigosa, Bromus inermis, Bromus mollis, Bromus racemosus, Bromus secalinus, Bromus tectorum, Dactylis glomerata, Festuca pratensis, Holcus lanatus, Hordeum vulgare, Lamarckia aurea, Lolium multiflorum, Lolium persicum, Lolium temulentum, Panicum miliaceum, Paspalum membranaceum, Phalaris arundinacea, Phleum arenarium, Phleum pratense, Poa compressa, Poa trivialis, Secale cereale, Setaria italica, Setaria viridis, Triticum aestivum, Zea mays.

Host:
Experimentally infected hosts mainly show symptoms of light green streaks.

Experimentally infected insusceptible Hosts: Families containing insusceptible hosts: Gramineae. Species inoculated with virus that do not show signs of susceptibility: Anthoxanthum odoratum, Elytrigia intermedia, Elytrigia repens, Lolium perenne, Poa annua.

Diagnostic Hosts

Diagnostic host species and symptoms:

Hordeum vulgare — light green streaks.

Avena sativa, Dactylis glomerata, Festuca pratensis, Secale cereale, Setaria italica — diffuse systemic mild mosaics. Diagnostic host: insusceptible host species Elytrigia repens, Anthoxanthum odoratum, Lolium perenne.

Maintenance and Propagation Hosts

Most commonly used maintenance and propagation host species are Setaria italica.

Assay Hosts

Host: Assay hosts (for Local lesions or Whole plants):
Dactylis glomerata, Festuca pratensis, Hordeum vulgare, Secale cereale, Setaria italica.

Cytopathology: Inclusions are not present in infected cells.

Geographical Distribution

The virus occurs in Canada, Czechoslovakia (former), Denmark, France, Germany, Norway, and the United Kingdom.

List of Strains and Isolates in the Species

Brome stem leaf mottle virus (Catherall and Chamberlain, 1975 and 1977; Paul et al., 1980), cocksfoot necrosis and mosaic virus (Hariri and Lapierre, 1977), festuca mottle virus (Catherall and Chamberlain, 1977; Gibson and Boyes, 1974; Paul et al., 1980), holcus transitory mottle virus (Catherall and Chamberlain, 1975; Paul et al., 1980), phleum mottle virus (Catherall, 1966; Catherall and Chamberlain, 1975; Paul et al., 1973/74; Paul et al., 1980).

References

A'Brook, J. and Benigno, D.A. (1972). Ann. appl. Biol. 72: 169.

Benigno, D.A. (1972). Ann. appl. Biol. 72: 43.

Benigno, D.A. and A'Brook, J. (1972). Pl. Path. 21: 142.

Bercks, R. and Querfurth, G. (1971). Phytopath. Z. 72: 354.

Bercks, R. and Querfurth, G. (1972). Phytopath. Z. 75: 215.

Carr, AJ.H. (1966). Rep. Welsh Pl. Breed. Stn 1965, p. 90.

Carr, AJ.H. (1967). Rep. Welsh Pl. Breed. Stn 1966, p. 110.

Catherall, P.L. (1966). Rep. Welsh Pl. Breeding Stn. 1965, p. 94.

Catherall, P.L. (1982). Rep. Welsh Pl. Breed. Stn. 1981, p. 161.

Catherall, P.L. and Chamberlain, J.A. (1975). Pl. Path. 24: 217.

Catherall, P.L. and Chamberlain, J.A. (1977). Ann. appl. Biol. 87: 147.

Chamberlain, J.A. and Catherall, P.L. (1976). J. gen. Virol. 30: 41.

Chamberlain, J.A. and Catherall, P.L. (1976). Ann. appl. Biol. 83: 475.

Gibson, R.W. and Boyes, D. (1974). Rep. Rothamsted Exp. Stn. 1973, p. 137.

Hariri, D. and Lapierre, H. (1977). Annls. Phytopath. 9: 281.

Hariri, D. and Lapierre, H. (1979). Annls. Phytopath. 11: 246.

Hull, R. (1977). J. gen. Virol. 36: 289.

Huth, W. (1968). Phytopath. Z. 62: 300.

Huth, W. and Paul, H.L. (1972). CMI/AAB Descr. Pl. Viruses No. 107, 4 pp.

Huth, W., Brandes, J. and Paul, H.L. (1970). Phytopath. Z. 68: 367.

Paul, H.L. (1974). Acta Biol. Jugosl. Ser. B. Microb. 11: 193.

Paul, H.L. and Huth, W. (1970). Phytopath. Z. 69: 1.

Paul, H.L., Huth, W. and Querfurth, G. (1973/74). Intervirology 2: 253.

Paul, H.L., Querfurth, G. and Huth, W. (1980). J. gen. Virol. 47: 67.

Querfurth, G. and Bercks, R. (1976). Phytopath. Z. 85: 193.

The following generic references are cited in the most recent ; .

VIDEdB, the plant virus database developed at the Australian National University by Adrian J. Gibbs and collaborators, contains an earlier description with the number 233 by W. Huth, 1991. A description of the virus is found in DPV, a database for plant viruses developed by the Association of Applied Biologists (AAB), with the number 107.



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DELTA - DEscription Language for TAxonomy developed by Dr Mike Dallwitz, Toni Paine and Eric Zurcher, CSIRO Entomology, Canberra, Australia. ICTVdB - The Universal Virus Database, developed for the International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses by Dr Cornelia Büchen-Osmond is written in DELTA. The virus descriptions in ICTVdB are coded by, or using data from experts in the field of virology or members ICTV. The character list is the underlying code. All virus descriptions are based on the character list and natural language translations are automatically generated and formatted for display on the Web from the descriptions in DELTA-format. The description has been generated automatically from DELTA files. DELTA - DEscription Language for TAxonomy developed by Dr Mike Dallwitz, Toni Paine and Eric Zurcher, CSIRO Entomology, Canberra, Australia.

ICTVdB - The Universal Virus Database, developed for the International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses (ICTV) by Dr Cornelia Büchen-Osmond, is written in DELTA. The virus descriptions in ICTVdB are coded by ICTV members and experts, or by the ICTVdB Management using data provided by the experts, the literature or the latest ICTV Report. The character list is the underlying code. All virus descriptions are based on the character list and natural language translations from the encoded descriptions are automatically generated and formatted for display on the Web.

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Last updated on 25 April 2006 by Cornelia Büchen-Osmond
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