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00.067.0.01.006. Solanum nodiflorum mottle virus

Cite this publication as: ICTVdB Management (2006). 00.067.0.01.006. Solanum nodiflorum mottle virus. In: ICTVdB - The Universal Virus Database, version 4. Büchen-Osmond, C. (Ed), Columbia University, New York, USA

Cite this site as: ICTVdB - The Universal Virus Database, version 4. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/ICTVdb/ICTVdB/

Table of Contents

Isolate Description

Location: Eastern part; Australia.

Host of Isolate and Habitat Details
Source of isolate: Solanum nodiflorum, an endemic species (Henderson, 1974).

Natural host and symptoms
Solanum nodiflorum, S. nitidibaccatum, S. nigrum — leaf mottling and rugosity.

Reference to Isolation Report
Greber (1965).

Classification

This is a description of a plant virus at the species level with data on all virus properties from morphology to genome, replication, antigenicity and biological properties.

ICTVdB Virus Code: 00.067.0.01.006. Virus accession number: 67001006. Obsolete virus code: 67.0.1.0.006; superceded accession number: 67010006.
NCBI Taxon Identifier NCBI Taxonomy ID: 12471.

Name, Synonyms and Lineage

Synonym(s): solanum nigrum mosaic virus, solanum nodiflorum virus. ICTV approved acronym: SNMoV. Acronym(s): SNMV. Virus is an ICTV approved species of the genus 00.067.0.01. Sobemovirus; not assigned to a family.

Virion Properties

Morphology

Virions consist of a capsid. Virus capsid is not enveloped, round with icosahedral symmetry. The isometric capsid has a diameter of 28-30 nm. Capsids appear hexagonal in outline.

Electron microscopic preparation and references: Virus preparation contains many virions. Reference for electron microscopic methods: Greber (1981, Hollings et al. (1979, Kiberstis and Zimmern (1984).

Physicochemical and Physical Properties

Virions have a buoyant density in CsCl of 1.35 g cm-3. There are 1 sedimenting component(s) found in purified preparations. The sedimentation coefficient is 114 S20w (Hollings et al., 1979). The thermal inactivation point (TIP) is at 90°C. The longevity in vitro (LIV) is 365 days (at 2°C and 7 years at -20°C). Although the titer is dependent on the host, the decimal exponent (DEX) of the dilution end point is usually around 5. The infectivity is not changed by treatment with ether.

Nucleic Acid

The genome is monopartite. Only one particle size of linear, positive-sense, single-stranded RNA is recovered. Minor species of non-genomic nucleic acid are also found in virions. The encapsidated nucleic acid is mainly of genomic origin, but virions may also contain satellite RNA of 2 species, (RNA-2 and RNA-3), which are similar in size (c. 0.37 kb) but one is circular (RNA-2), the other linear (Gould et al., 1981; Jones and Mayo, 1984)). The complete genome is 4200 nucleotides long, is partially sequenced, or is about 4200 nucleotides long. Sequence has the accession number [J02386] Em(40)_vi:NOR2 Gb(84)_vi:MSNR2 solanum nodiflorum mottle virus (circular viroid-like) RNA2. 4/90 377bp. Reference to nucleotide sequence Gould and Hatta (1981).

GenBank records for nucleotide sequences; complete genome sequences.

Proteins

The viral genome encodes structural proteins and non-structural proteins. Virions consist of 1 structural protein(s).

Lipids

Lipids are not reported.

Translation: Virions may provide helper functions to dependent virus during replication. Virion acts as helper for a satellite RNA (Some of the isolates of the virus have no satellite RNA; Jones and Mayo, 1984).

Antigenicity

The virus is serologically related to velvet tobacco mottle virus (Randles et al., 1981; Chu and Francki, 1983).

No serological relationship was found to 53 other viruses with isometric virions (Hollings et al., 1979).

Biological Properties

Natural Host

Domain
Viral hosts belong to the Domain Eucarya.

Domain Eucarya
Kingdom Plantae.

Kingdom Plantae
Phylum Magnoliophyta (Angiosperms, Class Magnoliopsida (Dicotyledonae).

Class Magnoliopsida (Dicotyledonae)
Subclass ASTERIDAE.

Severity and Occurrence of Disease

Host: Signs and symptoms persist.

Transmission and Vector Relationships

Virus is transmitted by a vector. Virus is not transmitted by seeds.

Vector Transmission:
Virus is transmitted by arthropods, by insects of the order Coleoptera; Epilachna vigintioctopunctata pardalis (syn. E. sparsa), E. vigintisexpunctata vigintisexpunctata (syn. E. doryca australica) and E. guttatopustulata.

Experimental Hosts and Symptoms

Under experimental conditions susceptibility to infection by virus is found in few families. Susceptible host species are found in the Family Amaranthaceae, Chenopodiaceae, Solanaceae, Tetragoniaceae. The following species were susceptible to experimental virus infection: Chenopodium quinoa, Datura stramonium, Gomphrena globosa, Nicandra physalodes, Nicotiana benthamiana, Nicotiana clevelandii, Nicotiana debneyi, Nicotiana glutinosa, Nicotiana tabacum, Petunia x hybrida, Solanum melongena, Solanum nigrum, Solanum nitidibaccatum, Solanum nodiflorum, Solanum rostratum, Tetragonia tetragonioides.

Diagnostic Hosts

Diagnostic host species and symptoms:

Solanum nodiflorum — systemic leaf mottling and puckering.

Nicotiana clevelandii — chlorotic local lesions; systemic vein chlorosis, mottling and puckering.

Nicotiana debneyi — necrotic local lesions and small chlorotic ring local lesions; not systemic.

Maintenance and Propagation Hosts

Most commonly used maintenance and propagation host species are Nicotiana clevelandii — for purification. Solanum nodiflorum — for culture and vector maintenance.

Assay Hosts

Host: Assay hosts (for Local lesions or Whole plants):
Nicotiana debneyi (L).

References to host data: Greber (1981, Jones and Mayo (1984).

Histopathology: Virus can be best detected in all parts of the host plant. Virions are found in the cytoplasm and nucleus.

Cytopathology: Inclusions are present in infected cells. Inclusion bodies in the host cell are found in the cytoplasm. Cytoplasmic inclusions are crystals and membranous bodies. Inclusions are long tubules or rod structures.

Geographical Distribution

The virus occurs in Australia (the east).

References

Chu, P. and Francki, RIB. (1983). Virology 129: 350.

Gould, AR. and Hatta, T. (1981). Virology 109: 137.

Gould, AR., Francki, RIB. and Randles, J.W. (1981). Virology 110: 420.

Greber, R.S. (1965). Aust. Plant Dis. Rec. 17: 18.

Greber, R.S. (1973). Aust. Pl. Path. Soc. Newsl. 2: 3.

Greber, R.S. (1981). Aust. J. biol. Sci. 34: 369.

Greber, R.S. and Randles, J.W. (1986). AAB Descr. Pl. Viruses No. 318, 5 pp.

Henderson, J. (1974). Qld. Herb. Contrib. 16: 78 pp.

Hollings, M., Stone, O.M., Barton, R.J. and Greber, R.S. (1979). Rep. Glasshouse Crops Res. Inst. 1978, p. 150.

Jones, AT and Mayo, MA (1984). J. gen. Virol. 65: 1713.

Kiberstis, P.A., Haseloff, J. and Zimmern, D. (1985). EMBO J. 4: 1984.

Kiberstis, P.A. and Zimmern, D. (1984). Nucl. Acids Res. 12: 933.

Randles, J.W., Davis, C., Hatta, T., Gould, AR. and Francki, RIB. (1981). Virology 108: 111.

The following generic references are cited in the most recent ICTV Report.

PubMed References.

VIDEdB, the plant virus database developed at the Australian National University by Adrian J. Gibbs and collaborators, contains an earlier description with the number 726 by R.S. Greber and J.W. Randles, 1986.

A description of the virus is found in DPV, a database for plant viruses developed by the Association of Applied Biologists (AAB), with the number 318.



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DELTA - DEscription Language for TAxonomy developed by Dr Mike Dallwitz, Toni Paine and Eric Zurcher, CSIRO Entomology, Canberra, Australia. ICTVdB - The Universal Virus Database, developed for the International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses by Dr Cornelia Büchen-Osmond is written in DELTA. The virus descriptions in ICTVdB are coded by, or using data from experts in the field of virology or members ICTV. The character list is the underlying code. All virus descriptions are based on the character list and natural language translations are automatically generated and formatted for display on the Web from the descriptions in DELTA-format. The description has been generated automatically from DELTA files. DELTA - DEscription Language for TAxonomy developed by Dr Mike Dallwitz, Toni Paine and Eric Zurcher, CSIRO Entomology, Canberra, Australia.

ICTVdB - The Universal Virus Database, developed for the International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses (ICTV) by Dr Cornelia Büchen-Osmond, is written in DELTA. The virus descriptions in ICTVdB are coded by ICTV members and experts, or by the ICTVdB Management using data provided by the experts, the literature or the latest ICTV Report. The character list is the underlying code. All virus descriptions are based on the character list and natural language translations from the encoded descriptions are automatically generated and formatted for display on the Web.

Developer of the DELTA software: M. J. Dallwitz, T. Paine and E. Zurcher

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Last updated on 25 April 2006 by Cornelia Büchen-Osmond
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