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00.065.0.02.001. Rice tungro spherical virus

Cite this publication as: ICTVdB Management (2006). 00.065.0.02.001. Rice tungro spherical virus. In: ICTVdB - The Universal Virus Database, version 4. Büchen-Osmond, C. (Ed), Columbia University, New York, USA

Cite this site as: ICTVdB - The Universal Virus Database, version 4. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/ICTVdb/ICTVdB/

Table of Contents

Isolate Description

Location: the Philippines.

Host of Isolate and Habitat Details
Source of isolate: Oryza sativa.

Natural host and symptoms
Oryza sativa — slight stunting (but when in complex exacerbates the symptoms induced by rice tungro virus).

Reference to Isolation Report
Gálvez (1968).

Classification

This is a description of a plant virus at the species level with data on all virus properties from morphology to genome, replication, antigenicity and biological properties.

ICTVdB Virus Code: 00.065.0.02.001. Virus accession number: 65002001. Obsolete virus code: 65.0.2.0.001; superceded accession number: 65020001.
NCBI Taxon Identifier NCBI Taxonomy ID: 35287.

Name, Synonyms and Lineage

Synonym(s): rice leaf yellowing virus, rice penyakit habeng virus, rice penyakit mentek virus, rice waika virus, rice yellow leaf virus. ICTV approved acronym: RTSV. Virus is the type species of the genus 00.065.0.02. Waikavirus; family 00.065. Sequiviridae.

Virion Properties

Morphology

Virions consist of a capsid. Virus capsid is not enveloped, round with polyhedral symmetry. The isometric capsid has a diameter of 30 nm. Capsids appear round. The capsomer arrangement is clearly visible.

Electron microscopic preparation and references: Virus preparation contains many virions. Use PTA or UA. Reference for electron microscopic methods: Omura et al. (1983, Cabauatan and Hibino (1988).

Physicochemical and Physical Properties

Virions have a buoyant density in CsCl of 1.551 g cm-3. There are 1 sedimenting component(s) found in purified preparations. The sedimentation coefficient is 175 S20w (~5).

Nucleic Acid

The genome is monopartite. Only one particle size of linear, positive-sense, single-stranded RNA is recovered. The complete genome is 10422 nucleotides long, is fully sequenced, complete sequence is 10422 nucleotides long. Sequence has the accession number [S65252] Em(40)_vi:S65252 Gb(84)_vi:S65252 polyprotein rice tungro spherical virus RTSV, Genomic RNA, 2823 nt. 1/94 2,823bp. The 5'-end of the genome has a probably genome-linked protein (VPg). The 3'-terminus has a poly (A) tract. Reference to nucleotide sequence Hibino et al. (1991).

GenBank records for nucleotide sequences; complete genome sequences.

Proteins

The viral genome encodes structural proteins. Virions consist of 1 structural protein(s).

Lipids

Lipids are not reported.

Genome Organization and Replication

By itself, genomic nucleic acid is infectious (however, infectivity is protease-sensitive).

Antigenicity

The virus does not show serological relationships to maize chlorotic dwarf virus.

Diagnostics and Reference Collections

The best tests for diagnosis are use electron microscopy, ELISA or latex agglutination serology.

Biological Properties

Natural Host

Domain
Viral hosts belong to the Domain Eucarya.

Domain Eucarya
Kingdom Plantae.

Kingdom Plantae
Phylum Magnoliophyta (Angiosperms, Class Liliopsida (Monocotyledonae).

Severity and Occurrence of Disease

Host: Signs and symptoms persist.

Transmission and Vector Relationships

Virus is transmitted by a vector. Virus is not transmitted by mechanical inoculation; not transmitted by contact between hosts; not transmitted by seeds; not transmitted by pollen.

Vector Transmission:
Virus is transmitted by arthropods, by insects of the order Hemiptera, family Cicadellidae. The principal natural vector(s) are Nephotettix virescens. Virus is transmitted in a semi-persistent manner; lost by the vector when it moults; does not replicate in the vector; not transmitted congenitally to the progeny of the vector; can facilitate the vector transmission of another virus (rice tungro bacilliform virus).

Experimental Hosts and Symptoms

Under experimental conditions susceptibility to infection by virus is found in few families. Susceptible host species are found in the Family Cyperaceae, Gramineae, Pontederiaceae. The following species were susceptible to experimental virus infection: Axonopus compressus, Brachiaria mutica, Cynodon dactylon, Cyperus brevifolius, Cyperus difformis, Cyperus rotundus, Digitaria ciliaris, Echinochloa colona, Eleusine indica, Eragrostis tenella, Fimbristylis miliacea, Imperata cylindrica, Leersia hexandra, Monochoria vaginalis, Oryza australiensis, Oryza barthii, Oryza glaberrima, Oryza latifolia, Oryza longistaminata, Oryza nivara, Oryza perennis, Oryza sativa.

Diagnostic Hosts

Diagnostic host species and symptoms:

Oryza sativa — mild stunting, grain discoloration.

Maintenance and Propagation Hosts

Most commonly used maintenance and propagation host species are Oryza sativa.

Assay Hosts

Host: Assay hosts (for Local lesions or Whole plants):
Oryza sativa (W).

References to host data: Anjaneyulu et al. (1988).

Histopathology: Virus can be best detected in leaves, roots, vascular parenchyma and phloem. Virions are found in the cytoplasm.

Cytopathology: Inclusions are present in infected cells. Inclusion bodies in the host cell are found in the cytoplasm. Cytoplasmic inclusions are amorphous X-bodies and viroplasma. Inclusions are lattice or tubular structures. Inclusions contain mature virions (in viroplasms), or do not contain mature virions (in lattice structures). Other cellular changes include some starch accumulation.

Geographical Distribution

The virus spreads in East Asia. The virus occurs in China and Japan.

Ecology, Epidemiology and Control

Studies reported by Furuta (1977, Bajet et al. (1986, Hibino et al. (1987, Khan et al. (1991).

Comments

Rice tungro disease is caused by a complex of rice tungro virus and rice tungro spherical virus; the virus depends on the Waikavirus for its transmission by leafhoppers, and causes the tungro symptoms, whereas the Waikavirus alone causes mild stunting and enhances the tungro symptoms.

References

Anjaneyulu, A, Daquioag, R.D., Mesina, Ma.E., Hibino, H., Lubigan, R.T. and Moody, K. (1988). Int. Rice Res. Newsl. 13: 30.

Bajet, N.B., Daquioag, R.D. and Hibino, H. (1985). J. Pl. Prot. Tropics 2: 125.

Bajet, N.B., Aguiero, V.M., Daquioag, R.D., Jonson, G.B., Cabunagan, R.C., Mesina, E.M. and Hibino, H. (1986). Plant Dis. 70: 971.

Cabauatan, P.Q. and Hibino, H. (1985). Philipp. Phytopathol. 21: 103.

Cabauatan, P.Q. and Hibino, H. (1988). Plant Dis. 72: 526.

Favali, MA, Pellegrini, S. and Bassi, M. (1975). Virology 66: 502.

Furata, T. (1977). Rev. Pl. Prot. Res. 10: 70.

Gálvez, G.E. (1968). Virology 35: 418.

Gálvez, G.E. (1971). CMI/AAB Descr. Pl. Viruses No. 67, 3 pp.

Hibino, H. (1983). Plant Dis. 17: 774.

Hibino, H. (1983). Ann. Phytopath. Soc. Japan 49: 545.

Hibino, H. and Cabauatan, P.Q. (1986). Phytopathology 77: 473.

Hibino, H. and Cabunagan, R.C. (1986). Tropical Agric. Res. Series 19: 173.

Hibino, H., Ishikawa, K., Omura, T., Cabauatan, P.Q. and Kaganezawa, H. (1991). Phytopathology 81: 1130.

Hibino, H., Roechan, S. and Sudarisman, S. (1978). Phytopathology 68: 1412.

Hibino, H., Saleh, N. and Roechan, M. (1979). Phytopathology 69: 1266. 1346.39

Hibino, H., Tiongco, E.R., Cabunagan, K.C. and Flores, Z.M. (1987). Phytopathology 77: 871.

Khan, MA, Hibino, H., Aguiero, V.M., Daquioag, R.D. and Opina, O.S. (1991). Plant Dis. 75: 926.

Ling, K.C. (1966). Phytopathology 60: 795.

Murant, AF (1993). Arch. Virol. 131: 441.

Omura, T., Saito, Y., Usugi, T. and Hibino, H. (1982). Ann. Phytopath. Soc. Japan 49: 73.

Omura, T., Hibino, H. and Usugi, T. (1984). Plant Dis. 68: 374.

Rivera, C.T. and Ou, S.H. (1965). Pl. Dis. Reptr 49: 127.

Saito, Y. (1977). Trop. Agric. Res. Series 10: 129.

Shen, P., Kaniewska, M.B., Smith, C. and Beachy, R.N. (1993). Virology 193: 621.

Yamashita, S., Doi, Y. and Yora, K. (1977). Ann. Phytopath. Soc. Japan 43: 278.

Zhang, S., Jones, M.C., Barker, P., Davies, J.W. and Hull, R. (1993). Virus Genes 7: 121

ICTV REport .

PubMed References.

VIDEdB, the plant virus database developed at the Australian National University by Adrian J. Gibbs and collaborators, contains an earlier description with the number 696 by H. Hibino, 1987. Updated by A.A. Brunt, 1991.

A description of the virus is found in DPV, a database for plant viruses developed by the Association of Applied Biologists (AAB), with the number 67.



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DELTA - DEscription Language for TAxonomy developed by Dr Mike Dallwitz, Toni Paine and Eric Zurcher, CSIRO Entomology, Canberra, Australia. ICTVdB - The Universal Virus Database, developed for the International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses by Dr Cornelia Büchen-Osmond is written in DELTA. The virus descriptions in ICTVdB are coded by, or using data from experts in the field of virology or members ICTV. The character list is the underlying code. All virus descriptions are based on the character list and natural language translations are automatically generated and formatted for display on the Web from the descriptions in DELTA-format. The description has been generated automatically from DELTA files. DELTA - DEscription Language for TAxonomy developed by Dr Mike Dallwitz, Toni Paine and Eric Zurcher, CSIRO Entomology, Canberra, Australia.

ICTVdB - The Universal Virus Database, developed for the International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses (ICTV) by Dr Cornelia Büchen-Osmond, is written in DELTA. The virus descriptions in ICTVdB are coded by ICTV members and experts, or by the ICTVdB Management using data provided by the experts, the literature or the latest ICTV Report. The character list is the underlying code. All virus descriptions are based on the character list and natural language translations from the encoded descriptions are automatically generated and formatted for display on the Web.

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