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00.065.0.01.002. Dandelion yellow mosaic virus

Cite this publication as: ICTVdB Management (2006). 00.065.0.01.002. Dandelion yellow mosaic virus. In: ICTVdB - The Universal Virus Database, version 4. Büchen-Osmond, C. (Ed), Columbia University, New York, USA

Cite this site as: ICTVdB - The Universal Virus Database, version 4. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/ICTVdb/ICTVdB/

Table of Contents

Isolate Description

Location: the United Kingdom.

Host of Isolate and Habitat Details
Source of isolate: Taraxacum officinale.

Natural host and symptoms
Lactuca sativa — veinal chlorosis and necrosis, and veinal and interveinal necrotic etching; leaf narrowing and curling and severe plant stunting.

Taraxacum officinale — conspicuous yellow rings and mottling.

Reference to Isolation Report
Kassanis (1944, Bos (1983).

Classification

This is a description of a plant virus at the species level with data on all virus properties from morphology to genome, replication, antigenicity and biological properties.

ICTVdB Virus Code: 00.065.0.01.002. Virus accession number: 65001002. Obsolete virus code: 65.0.1.0.002; superceded accession number: 65010002.

Name, Synonyms and Lineage

Synonym(s): lettuce necrosis virus (Hein, 1963). ICTV approved acronym: DaYMV (DYMV). Virus is an ICTV approved species of the genus 00.065.0.01. Sequivirus in the family 00.065. Sequiviridae.

Virion Properties

Morphology

Virions consist of a capsid. Virus capsid is not enveloped, round with polyhedral symmetry. The capsid is isometric. Capsids appear round. The capsomer arrangement is not obvious.

Electron microscopic preparation and references: Virus preparation contains few virions. ISEM. Reference for electron microscopic methods: Bos et al. (1983).

Physicochemical and Physical Properties

The density of virions is 1.42 in Cs2SO4. There are 1 sedimenting component(s) found in purified preparations. The sedimentation coefficient is 159 S20w. A260/A280 ratio is 1.67. The thermal inactivation point (TIP) is at 60-65°C. The longevity in vitro (LIV) is 1 days. Although the titer is dependent on the host, the decimal exponent (DEX) of the dilution end point is usually around 4-5.

Nucleic Acid

The genome is monopartite. Only one particle size of linear, single-stranded RNA is recovered, is sequenced, but only an estimate is available, complete sequence is 10000 nucleotides long.

Proteins

The viral genome encodes structural proteins. Virions consist of 3 structural protein(s).

Lipids

Lipids are not reported.

Antigenicity

The virus does not show serological relationships to parsnip yellow fleck virus.

Biological Properties

Natural Host

Domain
Viral hosts belong to the Domain Eucarya.

Domain Eucarya
Kingdom Plantae.

Kingdom Plantae
Phylum Magnoliophyta (Angiosperms, Class Magnoliopsida (Dicotyledonae).

Class Magnoliopsida (Dicotyledonae)
Subclass ASTERIDAE.

General Symptoms in Plants Symptoms chlorotic rings, interveinal necrosis, distortion and stunting.

Severity and Occurrence of Disease

Host: Signs and symptoms persist.

Transmission and Vector Relationships

Virus is transmitted by a vector. Virus is transmitted by mechanical inoculation.

Vector Transmission:
Virus is transmitted by arthropods, by insects of the order Hemiptera, family Aphididae; Acyrthosiphon (Aulacorthum) solani, Myzus ornatus, Myzus ascalonicus, Myzus persicae. Virus is not transmitted by Aphis fabae, Macrosiphum euphorbiae, Nasonovia ribicola, Aulocorthum circumflexum, Pemphigus bursarius.

Experimental Hosts and Symptoms

Under experimental conditions susceptibility to infection by virus is found in several families. Susceptible host species are found in the Family Amaranthaceae, Chenopodiaceae, Compositae, Cucurbitaceae, Solanaceae, Umbelliferae. The following species were susceptible to experimental virus infection: Chenopodium amaranticolor, Chenopodium murale, Chenopodium quinoa, Cichorium endiva, Cucumis sativus, Gomphrena globosa, Lactuca sativa, Lactuca serriola, Lactuca virosa, Nicotiana benthamiana, Nicotiana clevelandii, Nicotiana glutinosa, Nicotiana rustica, Nicotiana sylvestris, Pastinaca sativa, Spinacia oleracea, Taraxacum officinale.

Host:
Experimentally infected hosts mainly show symptoms of chlorotic or necrotic local lesions, systemic chlorosis, necrosis, leaf curling and stunting or symptomless infection.

Experimentally infected insusceptible Hosts: Families containing insusceptible hosts: Compositae, Cruciferae, or Leguminosae-Papilionoideae, Umbelliferae. Species inoculated with virus that do not show signs of susceptibility: Apium graveolens, Calendula officinalis, Cheiranthus cheiri, Phaseolus vulgaris, Pisum sativum, Senecio vulgaris, Sonchus oleraceus, Vigna unguiculata.

Diagnostic Hosts

Diagnostic host species and symptoms:
Chenopodium amaranticolor, C. quinoa — numerous small chlorotic local lesions; systemic stippling.

Chenopodium murale — small local necrotic lesions.

Lactuca sativa — chlorotic mosaics, leaf curling and plant stunting.

Nicotiana benthamiana — systemic chlorosis (some isolates only).

N. clevelandii — systemic chlorotic rings (some isolates only). Diagnostic host: insusceptible host species Pisum sativum, Sonchus oleraceus, Vigna unguiculata.

Maintenance and Propagation Hosts

Most commonly used maintenance and propagation host species are Chenopodium quinoa, Lactuca sativa, Nicotiana clevelandii.

Assay Hosts

Host: Assay hosts (for Local lesions or Whole plants):
Chenopodium murale (L), C. amaranticolor (L), C. quinoa (L), Nicotiana clevelandii (W), Gomphrena globosa (L).

References to host data: Kassanis (1947, Bos et al. (1983).

Histopathology: Virus can be best detected in leaves. Virions are found in the cytoplasm.

Geographical Distribution

The virus occurs in Czechoslovakia (former), Germany, the Netherlands, Norway, and the United Kingdom.

Ecology, Epidemiology and Control

Studies reported by Kassanis (1947).

References

Blystad, D.-R. (1989). Norw. J. agric. Sci. 3: 373.

Bos, L., Huijberts, N., Huttinga, H. and Maat, D. (1983). Neth. J. Pl. Path. 89: 207.

Hein, A (1963). NachrBl. dtsch. Pflanzenschutzd. Braunschweig 15: 17.

Hemida, S.K. and Murant, AF (1989). Ann. appl. Biol. 114: 87.

Kassanis, B. (1944). Nature, Lond. 154: 16.

Kassanis, B. (1947). Ann. appl. Biol. 34: 412.

Kristensen, H.R., Tapio, E. and Lihnell, D. (1965). List of Plant Viruses Occurring in the Nordic Countries, p. 25.

Murant, AF (1988). In: The Plant Viruses; Vol. 3, Polyhedral Virions with Monopartite RNA Genomes, p. 273; ed. R. Koenig. Plenum Press, New York.

Vetten, H.J., Breyel, E., Lesemann, D.-E., Maiss, E. and Weidemann, H.L. (1985). Phytoparasitica 13: 271.

The following generic references are cited in the most recent ICTV Report.

VIDEdB, the plant virus database developed at the Australian National University by Adrian J. Gibbs and collaborators, contains an earlier description with the number 284 by A.A. Brunt and L. Bos, 1992.



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DELTA - DEscription Language for TAxonomy developed by Dr Mike Dallwitz, Toni Paine and Eric Zurcher, CSIRO Entomology, Canberra, Australia. ICTVdB - The Universal Virus Database, developed for the International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses by Dr Cornelia Büchen-Osmond is written in DELTA. The virus descriptions in ICTVdB are coded by, or using data from experts in the field of virology or members ICTV. The character list is the underlying code. All virus descriptions are based on the character list and natural language translations are automatically generated and formatted for display on the Web from the descriptions in DELTA-format. The description has been generated automatically from DELTA files. DELTA - DEscription Language for TAxonomy developed by Dr Mike Dallwitz, Toni Paine and Eric Zurcher, CSIRO Entomology, Canberra, Australia.

ICTVdB - The Universal Virus Database, developed for the International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses (ICTV) by Dr Cornelia Büchen-Osmond, is written in DELTA. The virus descriptions in ICTVdB are coded by ICTV members and experts, or by the ICTVdB Management using data provided by the experts, the literature or the latest ICTV Report. The character list is the underlying code. All virus descriptions are based on the character list and natural language translations from the encoded descriptions are automatically generated and formatted for display on the Web.

Developer of the DELTA software: M. J. Dallwitz, T. Paine and E. Zurcher

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Last updated on 25 April 2006 by Cornelia Büchen-Osmond
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