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00.060.0.07. Fijivirus
Cite this publication as: ICTVdB Management (2006).
00.060.0.07. Fijivirus. In: ICTVdB - The Universal Virus Database,
version 4. Büchen-Osmond, C. (Ed), Columbia University, New York, USA
Cite this site as: ICTVdB - The Universal Virus Database, version 4.
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/ICTVdb/ICTVdB/
This is a description of a
plant and invertebrate (viruses replicate in and are transmitted by
delphacid planthoppers infecting phloem cells of susceptible plants)
virus at the genus level.
ICTVdB Virus Code: 00.060.0.07. Virus accession number:
060007GE. Obsolete virus code: 60.0.7.; superceded accession number: 60070000.
NCBI Taxon Identifier NCBI Taxonomy ID:
10988.
Name, Synonyms and Lineage
Synonym(s): Plant
reovirus subgroup 2. Virus is of the family
00.060.
Reoviridae.
Virions consist of a capsid, a core, and a nucleoprotein
complex. Virus capsid is not enveloped. Fijiviruses have a fragile structure,
unless prefixed , viruses readily break down in vitro to give cores.
Capsid/nucleocapsid is round and exhibits icosahedral symmetry.
The isometric capsid has a diameter of
65-80 nm. The capsid shells of virions are composed of two layers. All
shells are usually present. Capsids appear round. The capsid surface structure
reveals a regular pattern with distinctive features. The capsomer arrangement is
clearly visible, or is not obvious. Surface projections are distinct
"A"-type spikes protruding from the 12 vertices (about 11 nm in length and
breadth). Inner capsids have a diameter of 55 nm. Virus preparations contain one
particle component. The core is spherical with a diameter of 35 nm.
Only one species is recovered in preparations. Incomplete
particles are common. They are disintegrated particles.
Electron microscopic preparation and references: Virus preparation
contains few virions, or many virions.
There are 1 sedimenting component(s) found in purified
preparations, or 2 sedimenting component(s) found in purified preparations, or 3
sedimenting component(s) found in purified preparations, or 4 sedimenting
component(s) found in purified preparations. The sedimentation coefficient is
400 S20w. The thermal inactivation point (TIP) is at
60°C. The longevity in vitro (LIV) is 6-6.5-7 days.
Although the titer is dependent on the host, the decimal exponent (DEX) of the
dilution end point is usually around 5-6.
The
genome is monomeric; segmented and consists of ten segments of linear
double-stranded RNA. Minor species of non-genomic nucleic
acid are not found in virions. The complete genome is
23890-26250-28910 nucleotides long. Size and groupings of the genome
species characteristic and distinctive for the three serogroups), is
sequenced, complete sequence is about
3405-3950-4400 nucleotides long. Is is about 3200-3459-3900
nucleotides long, is sequenced,
complete sequence is 3150-3379-3700 nucleotides long, has
been sequenced, but only an estimate is provided; complete sequence is
2600-3231-3700 nucleotides long and has been sequenced, but only
an estimate is presented, complete sequence is 2550-2975-3300
nucleotides long. RNA-6 has been fully sequenced, complete
sequence is 2293-2488-2900 nucleotides long. The 5'-terminal
sequence has conserved regions. The 3'-terminus has conserved nucleotide
sequences; in species of same genus; in all RNA species. The multipartite genome
is found in one type of particle only. Each virion contains a single copy of the
genome; a full length copy.
GenBank records for
nucleotide sequences;
complete genome sequences.
The viral
genome encodes structural proteins and non-structural proteins. Virions consist
of 3 structural protein(s), or 6 structural protein(s).
Lipids are
absent.
Genome Organization and Replication
Translation: The genome replicates in
the cytoplasm, or cytoplasmic viroplasma.
Natural Host
Domain
Viral hosts belong to the Domain
Eucarya.
Domain Eucarya
Kingdom Plantae.
Kingdom Plantae
Phylum Magnoliophyta
(Angiosperms, Class Liliopsida (Monocotyledonae).
Severity and Occurrence of
Disease
Host: Signs and symptoms persist.
Virus is transmitted by a vector. Virus is transmitted by
mechanical inoculation, or not transmitted by mechanical inoculation; not
transmitted by grafting; not transmitted by contact between hosts; not
transmitted by seeds; not transmitted by pollen.
Vector Transmission:
Virus is transmitted by arthropods, by insects
of the order Hemiptera, family Delphacidae. Virus is transmitted in a persistent
manner; retained when the vector moults; replicates in the vector; transmitted
congenitally to the progeny of the vector, or not transmitted congenitally to
the progeny of the vector; does not require a helper virus for vector
transmission.
Experimental Hosts and Symptoms
Under
experimental conditions susceptibility to infection by virus is found in few
families. Susceptible host species are found in the Family Alliaceae,
Gramineae. The following species were susceptible to experimental virus
infection: Allium sativum, Arrhenatherum elatius, Avena
fatua, Avena sativa, Cynodon dactylon, Cynosurus
cristatus, Digitaria decumbens, Digitaria longiflora,
Digitaria pentzii, Digitaria sanguinalis, Digitaria
setivalvola, Digitaria valida, Echinochloa crus-galli,
Festuca pratensis, Holcus lanatus, Hordeum
vulgare, Lagurus ovatus, Lolium multiflorum,
Lolium perenne, Lolium temulentum, Oryza sativa,
Oryza sativa var. japonica, Phalaris canariensis,
Poa annua, Saccharum officinarum, Secale cereale,
Setaria italica, Setaria verticillata, Sorghum
bicolor, Triticum aestivum, Triticum sativum, Zea
mays.
Experimentally infected insusceptible Hosts: Families
containing insusceptible hosts: Gramineae. Species inoculated with virus that do
not show signs of susceptibility: Agrostis gigantea, Alopecurus
myosuroides, Apera spica-venti, Bromus inermis,
Chloris gayana, Digitaria sanguinalis, Echinochloa
crus-galli, Elytrigia repens, Saccharum officinarum,
Sorghum halepense, Stipa bromoides.
Histopathology: Virions are found in the cytoplasm, or cell
vacuole.
Cytopathology: Inclusions are present in infected cells.
Inclusion bodies in the host cell are found in the cytoplasm and nucleus.
Nuclear inclusion bodies are crystals. Cytoplasmic inclusions are crystals, or
viroplasma. Inclusions contain mature virions.
Geographical distribution of the virus is probably
restricted. The virus spreads in Africa, or Eurasia, or Australasia and Pacific
Islands. The virus occurs in Argentina, or Australia, or Brazil, or China, or
Czechoslovakia (former), or Fiji, or Finland, or France, or Germany, or Guyana,
or Israel, or Italy, or Japan, or Korea (North), or Korea (South), or Norway, or
Papua New Guinea, or Peru, or the Philippines, or Poland, or Spain, or Sweden,
or Taiwan, or Thailand, or the United Kingdom, or Samoa, or Yugoslavia.
Type species 00.060.0.07.001.
Fiji disease virus .
List of Species in the
Genus.
Data Sources and
Contributions
The
following generic references are cited in the most recent ICTV Report.
PubMed References.
A description of the virus is found
in DPV, a database for plant viruses developed by the Association of Applied
Biologists (AAB), with the number
294.
Taxonomic Proposals and Changes
Taxon images: • EM from IACR Rothamsted.
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