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Descriptions are generated automatically from the ICTVdB database including links. Some descriptions are only very basic and links may point to documents that are not yet published on the Web.

00.060.0.03. Rotavirus

Cite this publication as: ICTVdB Management (2006). 00.060.0.03. Rotavirus. In: ICTVdB - The Universal Virus Database, version 4. Büchen-Osmond, C. (Ed), Columbia University, New York, USA

Cite this site as: ICTVdB - The Universal Virus Database, version 4. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/ICTVdb/ICTVdB/

Table of Contents

Classification

This is a description of a vertebrate virus at the genus level.

ICTVdB Virus Code: 00.060.0.03. Virus accession number: 060003GE. Obsolete virus code: 60.0.3.; superceded accession number: 60030000.
NCBI Taxon Identifier NCBI Taxonomy ID: 10912.

Name, Synonyms and Lineage

Virus is of the family 00.060. Reoviridae.

Virion Properties

Morphology

Virions consist of a capsid, a core, and a nucleoprotein complex. During their life cycle, virions loose during the extracellular phase the sometimes observed intracellular envelope. Virus capsid is usually not enveloped, or enveloped when immature particles are budding into the endoplasmatic reticulum acquiring a transient lipid envelope before leaving the infected cell; not enveloped when released from the host cell as a mature virion. Capsid/nucleocapsid is round and exhibits icosahedral symmetry (T=13). The capsid is isometric and has a diameter of 80 nm. The capsid shells of virions are composed of two layers. The outer capsid consists of a smooth. The outer shell is often lost during preparation. Capsids appear round. The capsid surface structure is smooth and reveals a regular pattern with distinctive features that appears wheel-like. The capsomer arrangement is clearly visible in cryoelectron microscopy. The capsid consists of 132 capsomers for both the inner and outer capsids. The 132 channels are superimposed and extend inwards from the surface to the core). Surface projections are often lost during preparation, or distinct, short spikes extending from the 60 vertices (4.5-6 nm from the surface of the virus particle). Inner capsids consists of a rough shell; have a diameter of about 50 nm. Virus preparations contain one particle component. The core is spherical with a diameter of 35 nm.

Only one species is recovered in preparations. Incomplete particles are found. They are devoid of nucleic acid characterized by capsids with dark centers in negative stain preparations, or incompletely assembled capsids.








Electron micrograph of human rotavirus isolated from stool specimens by C. Büchen-Osmond .

Physicochemical and Physical Properties

Virions have a buoyant density in CsCl of 1.36-1.44 g cm-3.

Nucleic Acid

The Mr of the genome constitutes 16% of the virion by weight (, cores of 25%). The genome is segmented and consists of eleven segments of linear double-stranded RNA. The complete genome is 16500-21000 nucleotides long. The 5'-terminal sequence has conserved regions; 5'-end of the genome has a methylated nucleotide cap; cap sequence type is m7G5ppp5'GmpNp. The 5'-terminus has no poly (C) tract. The 3'-terminus has conserved nucleotide sequences; sequence has conserved regions. The multipartite genome is divided among different particles, each segment encapsidated separately. Each virion contains a single copy of the genome; usually a full length copy (although aberrant dsRNA forms and sizes may be present in a virus population, presumably representing rearrangements (usually duplication) within segments).

GenBank records for nucleotide sequences; complete genome sequences.

Proteins

Proteins constitute about 84% of the particle weight (cores of 75%).

The viral genome encodes structural proteins and non-structural proteins.

Lipids

Lipids are usually absent, or present during morphogenesis in minute amounts and are located in the envelope (in an intermediate stage that is subsequently removed).

Biological Properties

Natural Host

Virus infects during its life cycle a single type of vertebrate host.
Domain
Viral hosts belong to the Domain Eucarya.

Domain Eucarya
Kingdom Animalia.

Kingdom Animalia
Phylum Chordata.

Phylum Vertebrata
Subphylum Vertebrata.

Class Mammalia and Aves.

Class Mammalia Order Primates;
Family Hominidae.
Virus infects Homo sapiens (human).

Transmission and Vector Relationships

Virus is not transmitted by a vector inan indirect manner.

Taxonomic Structure of the Genus

Type species 00.060.0.03.001. Rotavirus A .

Species in the Genus

List of Species in the Genus.

Data Sources and Contributions

The description has been compiled from data in the ICTV Report presented by Holmes IH, Boccardo G, Estes MK, Furuichi MK, Hoshino Y, Joklik WK, McCrae M, Mertens PPC, Milne RG, Samal KSK, Shikata E, Winton JR, Uyeda I, Nuss DL.

References

The following generic references are cited in the most recent ICTV Report.

PubMed References.
Disease Carriers.

Images

Taxon images: • EM by Cornelia Büchen-Osmond. • EM from Stewart McNulty, Queens University, Belfast.



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DELTA - DEscription Language for TAxonomy developed by Dr Mike Dallwitz, Toni Paine and Eric Zurcher, CSIRO Entomology, Canberra, Australia. ICTVdB - The Universal Virus Database, developed for the International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses by Dr Cornelia Büchen-Osmond is written in DELTA. The virus descriptions in ICTVdB are coded by, or using data from experts in the field of virology or members ICTV. The character list is the underlying code. All virus descriptions are based on the character list and natural language translations are automatically generated and formatted for display on the Web from the descriptions in DELTA-format. The description has been generated automatically from DELTA files. DELTA - DEscription Language for TAxonomy developed by Dr Mike Dallwitz, Toni Paine and Eric Zurcher, CSIRO Entomology, Canberra, Australia.

ICTVdB - The Universal Virus Database, developed for the International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses (ICTV) by Dr Cornelia Büchen-Osmond, is written in DELTA. The virus descriptions in ICTVdB are coded by ICTV members and experts, or by the ICTVdB Management using data provided by the experts, the literature or the latest ICTV Report. The character list is the underlying code. All virus descriptions are based on the character list and natural language translations from the encoded descriptions are automatically generated and formatted for display on the Web.

Developer of the DELTA software: M. J. Dallwitz, T. Paine and E. Zurcher

ICTVdB and DELTA related References

Comments to ICTVdB Management
Last updated on 25 April 2006 by Cornelia Büchen-Osmond
Copyright © 2002    International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses.    All rights reserved.


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