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00.057.0.01.056. Potato virus A

Cite this publication as: ICTVdB Management (2006). 00.057.0.01.056. Potato virus A. In: ICTVdB - The Universal Virus Database, version 4. Büchen-Osmond, C. (Ed), Columbia University, New York, USA

Cite this site as: ICTVdB - The Universal Virus Database, version 4. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/ICTVdb/ICTVdB/

Table of Contents

Isolate Description

Location: Ireland.

Host of Isolate and Habitat Details
Source of isolate: Solanum tuberosum.

Natural host and symptoms
Solanum tuberosum — mild mosaic, leaf surface rough with wavy margins, or symptomless.

Potatoes infected with potato virus A in combination with potato virus X and Y show crinkle symptoms.

Reference to Isolation Report
Murphy and McKay (1932).

Classification

This is a description of a plant virus at the species level with data on all virus properties from morphology to genome, replication, antigenicity and biological properties.

ICTVdB Virus Code: 00.057.0.01.056. Virus accession number: 57001056. Obsolete virus code: 57.0.1.0.056; superceded accession number: 57010056.
NCBI Taxon Identifier NCBI Taxonomy ID: 12215.

Name, Synonyms and Lineage

Synonym(s): potato mild mosaic virus, potato virus P, Solanum virus 3. ICTV approved acronym: PVA. Virus is an ICTV approved species of the genus 00.057.0.01. Potyvirus in the family 00.057. Potyviridae.

Virion Properties

Morphology

Virions consist of a capsid. Virus capsid is not enveloped. Capsid/nucleocapsid is elongated with helical symmetry. The capsid is filamentous, flexuous with a clear modal length with a length of 730 nm and a width of 11 nm (Brandes and Paul, 1957).

Electron microscopic preparation and references: Reference for electron microscopic methods: Bartels (1971).

Physicochemical and Physical Properties

The thermal inactivation point (TIP) is at 44-52°C. The longevity in vitro (LIV) is 0.5-0.75 days (12-18 hours MacLachlan et al., 1953). Although the titer is dependent on the host, the decimal exponent (DEX) of the dilution end point is usually around 1.

Nucleic Acid

The genome is monopartite. Only one particle size of linear, positive-sense, single-stranded RNA is recovered, is partially sequenced. Sequence has the accession number

[S51667] Em(40)_un:S51667 Gb(84)_vi:S51667 polyprotein potato virus A PVA, Genomic RNA, 2597 nt. 3/93 2,597bp.
[X59985] Em(40)_vi:PVACOATM Gb(84)_vi:PVACOATM Potato virus A RNA 3'-terminal for coat protein and polymerase. 6/93 1,383bp
[Z21670] Em(40)_vi:PVCGA Gb(84)_vi:PVCGA Potato virus A complete genome. 2/94 9,585bp.
[Z49087] Em(43)_vi:Pvaunibcp Gb(89)_vi:Pvaunibcp Potato virus A (USA) mRNA for nuclear inclusion b (partial) and coat protein. 4/95 1,108bp.
[Z49088] Em(43)_vi:Pvamnibcp Gb(89)_vi:Pvamnibcp Potato virus A (Maine) mRNA for nuclear inclusion b (partial) and coat protein. 4/95 1,110bp.

GenBank records for nucleotide sequences; complete genome sequences.

Proteins

The viral genome encodes structural proteins and non-structural proteins.

Lipids

Lipids are not reported.

Antigenicity

The virus is serologically related to potato Y (common and tobacco veinal necrosis strain), henbane mosaic and tobacco etch viruses.

Diagnostics and Reference Collections

The best tests for diagnosis are Potato may be infected by potato A, potato Y and other potyviruses. They are more easily distinguished serologically although only potato virus A induces local lesions in Solanum demissum SdA.

Biological Properties

Natural Host

Domain
Viral hosts belong to the Domain Eucarya.

Domain Eucarya
Kingdom Plantae.

Kingdom Plantae
Phylum Magnoliophyta (Angiosperms, Class Magnoliopsida (Dicotyledonae).

Severity and Occurrence of Disease

Host: Signs and symptoms persist.

Transmission and Vector Relationships

Virus is transmitted by a vector. Virus is transmitted by mechanical inoculation; not transmitted by seeds.

Vector Transmission:
Virus is transmitted by arthropods, by insects of the order Hemiptera, family Aphididae; Aphis frangulae, A nasturtii, Myzus persicae. Virus is transmitted in a non-persistent manner; does not require a helper virus for vector transmission and can facilitate the vector transmission of another virus (potato aucuba mosaic virus; Clinch et al., 1936).

Experimental Hosts and Symptoms

Under experimental conditions susceptibility to infection by virus is found in few families. Susceptible host species are found in the Family Solanaceae. The following species were susceptible to experimental virus infection: Lycopersicon pimpinellifolium, Nicandra physalodes, Nicotiana tabacum, Solanum demissum, Solanum demissum x S. tuberosum, Solanum tuberosum.

Diagnostic Hosts

Diagnostic host species and symptoms:

Nicotiana tabacum cv. Samsun — systemic vein-clearing and diffuse mottling.

N. tabacum cv. White Burley — systemic vein-clearing and dark green vein-banding.

Nicandra physalodes — systemic slight vein-clearing and mottle to severe necrosis, rugosity and stunting.

Lycopersicon pimpinellifolium — systemic necrosis and death. (MacLachlan et al., 1953).

Solanum demissum x S. tuberosum cv. Aquila (=A6 hybrid) and S. demissum SdA — many local lesions.

Maintenance and Propagation Hosts

Most commonly used maintenance and propagation host species are Nicotiana tabacum cv. Samsun.

Assay Hosts

Host: Assay hosts (for Local lesions or Whole plants):
Solanum demissum x S. tuberosum cv. Aquila (L) (Köhler, 1953; Bartels, 1970), Solanum demissum SdA (L), Nicandra physalodes (W) is useful for aphid transmission tests with Myzus persicae.

Histopathology: Virus can be best detected in all parts of the host plant. Virions are found in the cytoplasm.

Cytopathology: Inclusions are present in infected cells.

Geographical Distribution

The virus is probably distributed worldwide (in most potato growing areas).

References

Bartels, R. (1970). Potato Res. 13: 119.

Bartels, R. (1971). CMI/AAB Descr. Pl. Viruses No. 54, 4 pp.

Brandes, J. and Paul, H.L. (1957). Arch. Microbiol. 26: 358.

Clinch, P., Loughnane, J.B. and Murphy, D.A. (1936). Scient. Proc. R. Dubl. Soc. 21: 431.

Köhler, E. (1953). Züchter 23: 173.

MacLachlan, D.S., Larson, RH and Walker, JC (1953). Res. Bull. agric. Exp. Stn Univ. Wis., 180, 36 pp.

Murphy, P.A. and McKay, R. (1932). Scient. Proc. R. Dubl. Soc. 20: 347.

The following generic references are cited in the most recent ICTV Report.

PubMed References.

VIDEdB, the plant virus database developed at the Australian National University by Adrian J. Gibbs and collaborators, contains an earlier description with the number 639 by C. Büchen-Osmond, 1987.

A description of the virus is found in DPV, a database for plant viruses developed by the Association of Applied Biologists (AAB), with the number 54.



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DELTA - DEscription Language for TAxonomy developed by Dr Mike Dallwitz, Toni Paine and Eric Zurcher, CSIRO Entomology, Canberra, Australia. ICTVdB - The Universal Virus Database, developed for the International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses by Dr Cornelia Büchen-Osmond is written in DELTA. The virus descriptions in ICTVdB are coded by, or using data from experts in the field of virology or members ICTV. The character list is the underlying code. All virus descriptions are based on the character list and natural language translations are automatically generated and formatted for display on the Web from the descriptions in DELTA-format. The description has been generated automatically from DELTA files. DELTA - DEscription Language for TAxonomy developed by Dr Mike Dallwitz, Toni Paine and Eric Zurcher, CSIRO Entomology, Canberra, Australia.

ICTVdB - The Universal Virus Database, developed for the International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses (ICTV) by Dr Cornelia Büchen-Osmond, is written in DELTA. The virus descriptions in ICTVdB are coded by ICTV members and experts, or by the ICTVdB Management using data provided by the experts, the literature or the latest ICTV Report. The character list is the underlying code. All virus descriptions are based on the character list and natural language translations from the encoded descriptions are automatically generated and formatted for display on the Web.

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Last updated on 25 April 2006 by Cornelia Büchen-Osmond
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