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00.056.0.81.008. Dioscorea latent virus

Cite this publication as: ICTVdB Management (2006). 00.056.0.81.008. Dioscorea latent virus. In: ICTVdB - The Universal Virus Database, version 4. Büchen-Osmond, C. (Ed), Columbia University, New York, USA

Cite this site as: ICTVdB - The Universal Virus Database, version 4. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/ICTVdb/ICTVdB/

Table of Contents

Isolate Description

Location: Puerto Rico.

Host of Isolate and Habitat Details
Source of isolate: Dioscorea composita, D. floribunda.

Natural host and symptoms
Dioscorea composita, D. floribunda — symptomless. Comments on host and host range: Virus symptomless in Nicotiana plumbaginifolia and Dioscorea bulbifera, but does not infect D. alata.

Reference to Isolation Report
Waterworth et al. (1974).

Classification

This is a description of a plant virus at the species level with data on all virus properties from morphology to genome, replication, antigenicity and biological properties.

ICTVdB Virus Code: 00.056.0.81.008. Virus accession number: 56081008. Obsolete virus code: 56.0.1.T.008; superceded accession number: 5601t008.

Name, Synonyms and Lineage

ICTV approved acronym: DLV. Virus is a tentative member of the genus 00.056.0.01. Potexvirus in the family 00.056. Flexiviridae.

Virion Properties

Morphology

Virions consist of a capsid. Virus capsid is not enveloped. Capsid/nucleocapsid is elongated with helical symmetry. The capsid is filamentous, flexuous with a length of 445 nm and a width of 11 nm. Axial canal is indistinct. Basic helix is obscure.

Electron microscopic preparation and references: Virus preparation contains many virions. Reference for electron microscopic methods: Phillips et al. (1986).

Physicochemical and Physical Properties

Virions have a buoyant density in CsCl of 1.33 g cm-3 (unfixed). There are 2 sedimenting component(s) found in purified preparations (monomers and dimers). The sedimentation coefficient is of the fastest 131 S20w; of the other(s) are 111 S20w. The thermal inactivation point (TIP) is at 75-80°C (in Nicotiana megalosiphon sap). The longevity in vitro (LIV) is 365 days (or more). Although the titer is dependent on the host, the decimal exponent (DEX) of the dilution end point is usually around 6 (in Nicotiana megalosiphon sap).

Nucleic Acid

The Mr of the genome constitutes 5% of the virion by weight. The genome is monopartite, only one particle size is recovered of linear, positive-sense, single-stranded RNA. Minor species of non-genomic nucleic acid are not found in virions. The complete genome is 7500 nucleotides long, is sequenced and complete sequence is about 7500 nucleotides long. Reference to nucleotide sequence Phillips et al. (1986).

Proteins

Proteins constitute about 95% of the particle weight.

The viral genome encodes structural proteins and non-structural proteins. Virions consist of 1 structural protein(s).

Structural Proteins: Reference to method of preparation: Phillips et al. (1986).

Lipids

Lipids are not reported.

Transcription: The virus codes for 5 ORF(s).

Coding Strategy of Segment 1: Sequence has a gene block. Sequence has triple gene block sequence (TGB). Encodes proteins involved in cell to cell movement.

Antigenicity

The virus is serologically related to commelina virus X and lily virus X. The virus does not show serological relationships to cactus virus X, Cymbidium mosaic virus, hydrangea ringspot virus, narcissus mosaic virus, nerine virus X, papaya mosaic virus, pepino mosaic virus, potato virus X, potato aucuba mosaic virus, viola mottle virus and white clover mosaic virus.

Biological Properties

Natural Host

Domain
Viral hosts belong to the Domain Eucarya.

Domain Eucarya
Kingdom Plantae.

Kingdom Plantae
Phylum Magnoliophyta (Angiosperms, Class Liliopsida (Monocotyledonae).

Transmission and Vector Relationships

Virus is transmitted by mechanical inoculation; not transmitted by contact between hosts; not transmitted by seeds; not transmitted by pollen.

Experimental Hosts and Symptoms

Under experimental conditions susceptibility to infection by virus is found in several families. Susceptible host species are found in the Family Araceae, Dioscoreaceae, Leguminosae-Papilionoideae, Solanaceae, Tetragoniaceae. The following species were susceptible to experimental virus infection: Datura metel, Datura stramonium, Dioscorea bulbifera, Dioscorea composita, Dioscorea floribunda, Nicotiana benthamiana, Nicotiana clevelandii, Nicotiana megalosiphon, Nicotiana plumbaginifolia, Nicotiana sylvestris, Nicotiana tabacum (cv. Dutch A), Phaseolus vulgaris, Philodendron speciosum, Tetragonia tetragonioides, Vigna unguiculata.

Experimentally infected insusceptible Hosts: Families containing insusceptible hosts: Amaranthaceae, Araceae, Chenopodiaceae, or Commelinaceae, Compositae, Cruciferae, Cucurbitaceae, Dioscoreaceae, Gramineae, Leguminosae-Papilionoideae, Solanaceae. Species inoculated with virus that do not show signs of susceptibility: Brassica campestris ssp. pekinensis, Capsicum annuum, Chenopodium capitatum, Chenopodium murale, Chenopodium quinoa, Colocasia esculenta, Commelina diffusa, Cucumis sativus, Dioscorea alata, Gomphrena globosa, Nicotiana glutinosa, Nicotiana sylvestris, Nicotiana tabacum, Oryza sativa, Philodendron selloum, Solanum tuberosum, Trifolium incarnatum, Vicia faba, Zea mays, Zinnia elegans.

Diagnostic Hosts

Diagnostic host species and symptoms:

Nicotiana megalosiphon, N. benthamiana — symptomless local and systemic infection.

Philodendron speciosum, Phaseolus vulgaris cv. The Prince, Vigna unguiculata cv. Blackeye, Datura metel, D. stramonium, Nicotiana clevelandii, N. sylvestris, N. tabacum cv. Dutch A — local symptomless infection only. Diagnostic host: insusceptible host species Solanum tuberosum, Commelina diffusa, Chenopodium quinoa, Trifolium incarnatum.

Maintenance and Propagation Hosts

Most commonly used maintenance and propagation host species are Nicotiana benthamiana, N. megalosiphon.

Assay Hosts

Host: Assay hosts (for Local lesions or Whole plants):
Nicotiana benthamiana (W), N. megalosiphon (W).

References to host data: Phillips et al. (1986).

Histopathology: Virus can be best detected in all parts of the host plant. Virions are found in the cytoplasm.

Cytopathology: Inclusions are present in infected cells. Inclusion bodies in the host cell are found in the cytoplasm. Cytoplasmic inclusions are amorphous X-bodies and viroplasma. Inclusions contain mature virions.

Geographical Distribution

The virus occurs in Puerto Rico.

References

Hearon, S.S., Corbett, M.K., Lawson, RH, Gillespie, AG. and Waterworth, H.E. (1978). Phytopathology 68: 1137.

Phillips, S. and Brunt, A.A. (1988). CMI/AAB Descr. Pl. Viruses No. 335, 2 pp.

Phillips, S., Piggott, J.D'A. and Brunt AA (1986). Ann. appl. Biol. 109: 137.

Waterworth, H.E., Lawson, RH and Kahn, R.P. (1974). J. Agric. Univ. P. Rico 58: 351.

The following generic references are cited in the most recent ICTV Report.
A description of this taxon can also be found on the web at VIDEdB, the plant virus database developed at the Australian National University by Adrian J. Gibbs and collaborators, contains an earlier description; VIDEdB, the plant virus database developed at the Australian National University by Adrian J. Gibbs and collaborators, contains an earlier description with the number 308 by S. Phillips, AA Brunt, 1985 and F. Nienhaus, 1987.

A description of the virus is found in DPV, a database for plant viruses developed by the Association of Applied Biologists (AAB), with the number 335.



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DELTA - DEscription Language for TAxonomy developed by Dr Mike Dallwitz, Toni Paine and Eric Zurcher, CSIRO Entomology, Canberra, Australia. ICTVdB - The Universal Virus Database, developed for the International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses by Dr Cornelia Büchen-Osmond is written in DELTA. The virus descriptions in ICTVdB are coded by, or using data from experts in the field of virology or members ICTV. The character list is the underlying code. All virus descriptions are based on the character list and natural language translations are automatically generated and formatted for display on the Web from the descriptions in DELTA-format. The description has been generated automatically from DELTA files. DELTA - DEscription Language for TAxonomy developed by Dr Mike Dallwitz, Toni Paine and Eric Zurcher, CSIRO Entomology, Canberra, Australia.

ICTVdB - The Universal Virus Database, developed for the International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses (ICTV) by Dr Cornelia Büchen-Osmond, is written in DELTA. The virus descriptions in ICTVdB are coded by ICTV members and experts, or by the ICTVdB Management using data provided by the experts, the literature or the latest ICTV Report. The character list is the underlying code. All virus descriptions are based on the character list and natural language translations from the encoded descriptions are automatically generated and formatted for display on the Web.

Developer of the DELTA software: M. J. Dallwitz, T. Paine and E. Zurcher

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Last updated on 25 April 2006 by Cornelia Büchen-Osmond
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