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00.056.0.07.001. Grapevine virus A

Cite this publication as: ICTVdB Management (2006). 00.056.0.07.001. Grapevine virus A. In: ICTVdB - The Universal Virus Database, version 4. Büchen-Osmond, C. (Ed), Columbia University, New York, USA

Cite this site as: ICTVdB - The Universal Virus Database, version 4. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/ICTVdb/ICTVdB/

Table of Contents

Isolate Description

Location: Italy.

Host of Isolate and Habitat Details
Source of isolate: Vitis vinifera.

Natural hosts and symptoms Vitis vinifera — leaf rolling, reddening of leaf margins and petioles, and localised swelling and cracking of stems (probably Kober stem grooving disease).

Reference to Isolation Report
Conti et al. (1980).

Classification

This is a description of a plant virus at the species level with data on all virus properties from morphology to genome, replication, antigenicity and biological properties.

ICTVdB Virus Code: 00.056.0.07.001. Virus accession number: 56007001. Obsolete virus code: 00.085.0.01.001.; 76.0.1.T.003; superceded accession number: 85001001; 7601t003.
NCBI Taxon Identifier NCBI Taxonomy ID: 35288.

Name, Synonyms and Lineage

ICTV approved acronym: GVA. Virus is the type of the genus 00.056.0.07. Vitivirus in the family 00.056. Flexiviridae.

Virion Properties

Morphology

Virions consist of a capsid. Virus capsid is not enveloped. Capsid/nucleocapsid is elongated with helical symmetry. The capsid is filamentous, flexuous with a length of 800 nm and a width of 12 nm. Basic helix is obvious. Pitch of helix is 3.8 nm.

Nucleic Acid

The genome is monopartite. Only one particle size of linear, positive-sense, single-stranded RNA is recovered.

GenBank records for nucleotide sequences; complete genome sequences.

Proteins

The viral genome encodes structural proteins.

Lipids

Lipids are not reported.

Transcription: The virus codes for 5-7 ORF(s).

Coding Strategy of Segment 1: Contains 5-7 ORF(s). Sequence has no gene blocks.

Biological Properties

Natural Host

Domain
Viral hosts belong to the Domain Eucarya.

Domain Eucarya
Kingdom Plantae.

Kingdom Plantae
Phylum Magnoliophyta (Angiosperms, Class Magnoliopsida (Dicotyledonae).

Class Magnoliopsida (Dicotyledonae)
Subclass ROSIDAE.

Transmission and Vector Relationships

Virus is transmitted by a vector. Virus is transmitted by mechanical inoculation.

Vector Transmission:
Virus is transmitted by arthropods, by insects of the order Hemiptera, family Pseudococcidae; Pseudococcus longispinus, Planococcus citri, P. ficus.

Experimental Hosts and Symptoms

Susceptible host species are found in the Family Solanaceae, Vitidaceae. The following species were susceptible to experimental virus infection: Nicotiana benthamiana, Nicotiana clevelandii, Vitis vinifera.

Experimentally infected insusceptible Hosts: Families containing insusceptible hosts: Chenopodiaceae, Cucurbitaceae, or Leguminosae-Papilionoideae, Solanaceae. Species inoculated with virus that do not show signs of susceptibility: Chenopodium amaranticolor, Chenopodium quinoa, Cucumis sativus, Cucurbita pepo, Nicotiana glutinosa, Nicotiana rustica, Nicotiana tabacum, Phaseolus vulgaris, Pisum sativum.

Diagnostic Hosts

Diagnostic host species and symptoms:

Nicotiana benthamiana, N. clevelandii — narrow leaflets, vein-banding of systemically infected leaves, followed by mottling and puckering.

Vitis vinifera — leaf rolling and reddening (in autumn). Diagnostic host: insusceptible host species Chenopodium amaranticolor, C. quinoa, Cucurbita pepo, Cucumis sativus, Nicotiana glutinosa, N. rustica, N. tabacum, N. rustica, Phaseolus vulgaris, Pisum sativum.

Maintenance and Propagation Hosts

Most commonly used maintenance and propagation host species are Nicotiana benthamiana, N. clevelandii.

Assay Hosts

Host: Assay hosts (for Local lesions or Whole plants):
Nicotiana benthamiana (W), N. clevelandii (W).

Histopathology: Virus can be best detected in phloem cells. Virions are found in the cytoplasm.

Cytopathology: Other cellular changes include Rosciglione et al. (1983).

Geographical Distribution

The virus is found, but with no evidence of proliferation, in France, Italy, Israel, Switzerland, South Africa, Tunisia and Yemen.

References

Boscia, D., Aslouj, E., Elicio, V., Savino, V., Castellano, MA and Martelli, G.P. (1992). Arch. Virol. 127: 185.

Boccardo, G. and d'Aquilo, M. (1981). J. gen. Virol. 53: 179.

Chevalier, S., Greif, C., Clauzel, J.-M., Walter, B. and Fritsch, C. (1995). J. Phytopathology 143: 369.

Conti, M., Milne, R.G., Luisoni, E. and Boccardo, G. (1980). Phytopathology 70: 394.

Englebrecht, D.J. and Kasdorf, G.G.F. (1985). Phytopath. medit. 24: 101.

Milne, R.G., Conti, M., Lesemann, D.-E., Stellmach, G., Tanne, E. and Cohen, J. (1984). Phytopath. Z. 110: 360.

Minafra, A, Saldarelli, F., Grieco, F. and Martelli, G.P. (1994). Arch. Virol. 137: 249.

Rosciglione, B., Castellano, MA, Martelli, G.P., Savino, V. and Cannizzaro, G. (1983). Vitis 22: 331.

The following generic references are cited in the most recent ICTV Report.

PubMed References.

VIDEdB, the plant virus database developed at the Australian National University by Adrian J. Gibbs and collaborators, contains an earlier description with the number 361 by A.A. Brunt, 1995. A description of the virus is found in DPV, a database for plant viruses developed by the Association of Applied Biologists (AAB), with the number 383.



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DELTA - DEscription Language for TAxonomy developed by Dr Mike Dallwitz, Toni Paine and Eric Zurcher, CSIRO Entomology, Canberra, Australia. ICTVdB - The Universal Virus Database, developed for the International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses by Dr Cornelia Büchen-Osmond is written in DELTA. The virus descriptions in ICTVdB are coded by, or using data from experts in the field of virology or members ICTV. The character list is the underlying code. All virus descriptions are based on the character list and natural language translations are automatically generated and formatted for display on the Web from the descriptions in DELTA-format. The description has been generated automatically from DELTA files. DELTA - DEscription Language for TAxonomy developed by Dr Mike Dallwitz, Toni Paine and Eric Zurcher, CSIRO Entomology, Canberra, Australia.

ICTVdB - The Universal Virus Database, developed for the International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses (ICTV) by Dr Cornelia Büchen-Osmond, is written in DELTA. The virus descriptions in ICTVdB are coded by ICTV members and experts, or by the ICTVdB Management using data provided by the experts, the literature or the latest ICTV Report. The character list is the underlying code. All virus descriptions are based on the character list and natural language translations from the encoded descriptions are automatically generated and formatted for display on the Web.

Developer of the DELTA software: M. J. Dallwitz, T. Paine and E. Zurcher

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Last updated on 25 April 2006 by Cornelia Büchen-Osmond
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