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00.056.0.04.006. Carnation latent virus

Cite this publication as: ICTVdB Management (2006). 00.056.0.04.006. Carnation latent virus. In: ICTVdB - The Universal Virus Database, version 4. Büchen-Osmond, C. (Ed), Columbia University, New York, USA

Cite this site as: ICTVdB - The Universal Virus Database, version 4. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/ICTVdb/ICTVdB/

Table of Contents

Isolate Description

Location: England; Great Britain (UK).

Host of Isolate and Habitat Details
Source of isolate: Dianthus caryophyllus.

Natural host and symptoms
Dianthus caryophyllus — few or no symptoms.

Reference to Isolation Report
Kassanis (1955).

Classification

This is a description of a plant virus at the species level with data on all virus properties from morphology to genome, replication, antigenicity and biological properties.

ICTVdB Virus Code: 00.056.0.04.006. Virus accession number: 56004006. Obsolete virus code: 00.014.0.01.006.; 14.0.1.0.006; superceded accession number: 14001006; 14010006.
NCBI Taxon Identifier NCBI Taxonomy ID: 12164.

Name, Synonyms and Lineage

Synonym(s): dulcamara A virus, dulcamara B virus (Phillips and Brunt, 1981). ICTV approved acronym: CLV. Virus is an ICTV approved species of the genus 00.056.0.04. Carlavirus in the family 00.056. Flexiviridae.

Virion Properties

Morphology

Virions consist of a capsid. Virus capsid is not enveloped. Capsid/nucleocapsid is elongated with helical symmetry. The capsid is filamentous and straight to curved; is longitudinally striated (files of subunits separated by about four longitudinal furrows) with a length of 650 nm and a width of 12 nm. Axial canal is indistinct. Basic helix is obscure. Pitch of helix is 3.3 nm.

Electron microscopic preparation and references: Virus preparation contains few virions. Reference for electron microscopic methods: Wetter and Paul (1961).

Physicochemical and Physical Properties

There are 1 sedimenting component(s) found in purified preparations. The sedimentation coefficient is 167 S20w. The thermal inactivation point (TIP) is at 60-65°C. The longevity in vitro (LIV) is 2-3 days. Although the titer is dependent on the host, the decimal exponent (DEX) of the dilution end point is usually around 3-4.

Nucleic Acid

The Mr of the genome constitutes 6% of the virion by weight. The genome is monopartite, only one particle size is recovered of linear, positive-sense, single-stranded RNA. The complete genome is 7400-7700 nucleotides long, is partially sequenced and encodes 3' terminal ORF. Sequenced genome has the accession number(s)
[X55331]7k gene; [X55897] Em(40)_vi:CLVTUCRF Gb(84)_vi:CLVTUCRF Carnation latent virus (CLV) 3' terminal ORF. 9/93 393bp. 1 sequence.

The 5'-end of the genome has a probably methylated nucleotide cap. The 3'-terminus has a poly (A) tract. Reference to nucleotide sequence Haylor et al. (1990). The nucleotide sequence of the 3' proximal region of the genomic RNA has been reported.

GenBank records for nucleotide sequences; complete genome sequences.

Proteins

The viral genome encodes structural proteins. Virions consist of 1 structural protein(s).

Structural Proteins: Reference to method of preparation: Paul (1973).

Lipids

Lipids are absent.

Transcription: The virus codes for 6 ORF(s).

Coding Strategy of Segment 1: Sequence has a gene block. Sequence has triple gene block sequence (TGB). Encodes proteins involved in cell to cell movement.

Antigenicity

The virus is serologically related to Cactus 2 virus, Chrysanthemum virus B, Helenium S virus, Hop latent virus, Lilac mottle virus, Lily symptomless virus, mulberry latent virus, Muskmelon vein necrosis virus, Nerine latent virus, Passiflora latent virus, Pea streak virus, Potato virus M, Potato virus S and Red clover vein mosaic virus. The virus does not show serological relationships to Narcissus latent virus, Poplar mosaic virus, Shallot latent virus and Honeysuckle latent virus.

Diagnostics and Reference Collections

The best tests for diagnosis are use ISEM decoration to distinguish Carnation latent virus from Carnation vein mottle virus.

Biological Properties

Natural Host

Domain
Viral hosts belong to the Domain Eucarya.

Domain Eucarya
Kingdom Plantae.

Kingdom Plantae
Phylum Magnoliophyta (Angiosperms, Class Magnoliopsida (Dicotyledonae).

Class Magnoliopsida (Dicotyledonae)
Subclass CARYOPHYLLIDAE; Order Caryophyllales.

Transmission and Vector Relationships

Virus is transmitted by a vector. Virus is transmitted by mechanical inoculation (but sometimes is difficult to transmit from carnation because its sap contains inhibitors of infection, not transmitted by contact between hosts; not transmitted by seeds.

Vector Transmission:
Virus is transmitted by arthropods, by insects of the order Hemiptera, family Aphididae; Myzus persicae. Virus is transmitted in a non-persistent manner.

Experimental Hosts and Symptoms

Under experimental conditions susceptibility to infection by virus is found in several families. Susceptible host species are found in the Family Caryophyllaceae, Chenopodiaceae, Compositae, Solanaceae. The following species were susceptible to experimental virus infection: Beta vulgaris, Chenopodium amaranticolor, Chenopodium quinoa, Dianthus barbatus, Dianthus caryophyllus, Gynura aurantiaca, Nicotiana clevelandii.

Host:
Experimentally infected hosts mainly show symptoms of local lesions, mottle.

Diagnostic Hosts

Diagnostic host species and symptoms:

Chenopodium amaranticolor, C. quinoa — small chlorotic local lesions; systemic mottle.

Maintenance and Propagation Hosts

Most commonly used maintenance and propagation host species are Dianthus barbatus.

Assay Hosts

Host: Assay hosts (for Local lesions or Whole plants):
Chenopodium amaranticolor (L, C. quinoa (L).

Geographical Distribution

The virus is probably distributed worldwide (wherever carnations are grown).

References

Haylor, M.T., Brunt, A.A. and Coutts, RHA (1990). Nucl. Acids Res. 18: 6127.

Kassanis, B (1954). Nature, Lond. 173: 109.

Kassanis, B (1955). Ann. appl. Biol. 43: 103.

Kassanis, B (1958). Ann. appl. Biol. 43: 103.

Paul, H.L. (1974). Phytopath. Z. 80: 330.

Phillips, S. and Brunt, A.A. (1981). Rep. Glasshouse Crops Res. Inst. 1980, p. 152.

Wetter, C. (1971). CMI/AAB Descr. Pl. Viruses No. 61, 3 pp.

Wetter, C. and Milne, R.G. (1981). In: Handbook of Plant Virus Infections and Comparative Diagnosis, p 695; ed. E. Kurstak. Elsevier, Amsterdam.

Wetter, C. and Paul, H.L. (1961). Phytopath. Z. 43: 207.

The following generic references are cited in the most recent ICTV Report.

PubMed References.

VIDEdB, the plant virus database developed at the Australian National University by Adrian J. Gibbs and collaborators, contains an earlier description with the number 148 by J.R. Moran, 1987. A description of the virus is found in DPV, a database for plant viruses developed by the Association of Applied Biologists (AAB), with the number 61.



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DELTA - DEscription Language for TAxonomy developed by Dr Mike Dallwitz, Toni Paine and Eric Zurcher, CSIRO Entomology, Canberra, Australia. ICTVdB - The Universal Virus Database, developed for the International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses by Dr Cornelia Büchen-Osmond is written in DELTA. The virus descriptions in ICTVdB are coded by, or using data from experts in the field of virology or members ICTV. The character list is the underlying code. All virus descriptions are based on the character list and natural language translations are automatically generated and formatted for display on the Web from the descriptions in DELTA-format. The description has been generated automatically from DELTA files. DELTA - DEscription Language for TAxonomy developed by Dr Mike Dallwitz, Toni Paine and Eric Zurcher, CSIRO Entomology, Canberra, Australia.

ICTVdB - The Universal Virus Database, developed for the International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses (ICTV) by Dr Cornelia Büchen-Osmond, is written in DELTA. The virus descriptions in ICTVdB are coded by ICTV members and experts, or by the ICTVdB Management using data provided by the experts, the literature or the latest ICTV Report. The character list is the underlying code. All virus descriptions are based on the character list and natural language translations from the encoded descriptions are automatically generated and formatted for display on the Web.

Developer of the DELTA software: M. J. Dallwitz, T. Paine and E. Zurcher

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Last updated on 25 April 2006 by Cornelia Büchen-Osmond
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