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00.056.0.01. Potexvirus
Cite this publication as: ICTVdB Management (2006).
00.056.0.01. Potexvirus. In: ICTVdB - The Universal Virus Database,
version 4. Büchen-Osmond, C. (Ed), Columbia University, New York, USA
Cite this site as: ICTVdB - The Universal Virus Database, version 4.
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/ICTVdb/ICTVdB/
This is a description of a
plant and fungal virus at the genus level (not yet
assigned to a family) with data on all virus properties from
morphology to genome, replication, antigenicity and biological properties.
ICTVdB Virus Code: 00.056.0.01. Virus accession number:
056001GE. Obsolete virus code: 56.0.1.; superceded accession number: 56010000.
NCBI Taxon Identifier NCBI Taxonomy ID:
12176.
Name, Synonyms and Lineage
Synonym(s): Potato
virus X group. Virus is of the family 00.056.
Flexiviridae.
Virions consist of a capsid. Virus capsid is not
enveloped. Capsid/nucleocapsid is elongated with helical
symmetry. The capsid is filamentous, flexuous; is
cross-striated with a length of 470-580 nm and a width of 13 nm. Axial canal is
distinct, or indistinct; 3.4-6.3-12 nm in diameter. Basic helix is
obvious, or obscure. Pitch of helix is 2.8-3.331-3.5 nm.
Electron microscopic preparation and references: Virus preparation
contains few virions, or many virions.
Virions have a buoyant density in CsCl of 1.28-1.33 g
cm-3. There are 1 sedimenting component(s) found in purified
preparations, or 2 sedimenting component(s) found in purified preparations. The
sedimentation coefficient is 110-122-144 S20w; of
the other(s) are 102-111.6-122 S20w. Isoelectric
point pH is 4-4.75-5.3. A260/A280 ratio is
1.18-1.229-1.4. The thermal inactivation point (TIP) is at
55-69.3-100°C. The longevity in vitro (LIV) is
0.25-80.59-365 days. Although the titer is dependent on the host, the
decimal exponent (DEX) of the dilution end point is usually around 3, or 4, or
5, or 6, or 7, or 9, or 10. The infectivity is not changed by treatment with
ether; retained when deproteinized with proteases; retained when deproteinized
with phenol or detergent.
The Mr
of the genome constitutes 5-5.755-8% of the virion by weight. The
genome is not segmented and contains a single molecule of linear
positive-sense, single-stranded RNA. Minor species of
non-genomic nucleic acid are also found in virions, or not found in
virions. The encapsidated nucleic acid is mainly of genomic origin, but virions
may also contain subgenomic RNA, that is mRNA. The
complete genome is 5845-6725-8100 nucleotides long, is
sequenced, complete sequence is about
5845-6725-8100 nucleotides long. The genome has a base ratio of
15.5-21.12-25 % guanine; 26.4-29.9-33.8 % adenine;
23.4-26.02-30.3 % cytosine; 20.5-22.92-25.7 % uracil. The
5'-end of the genome has a methylated nucleotide cap; cap sequence type is
m7GpppA. The 3'-terminus has a poly (A) tract. The genome has an intergenic
poly (A) region.
GenBank records for
nucleotide sequences;
complete genome sequences.
Proteins
constitute about 92-94.14-95% of the particle weight.
The viral genome encodes structural proteins and non-structural proteins.
Virions consist of 1 structural protein(s), or 2 structural protein(s).
Non-Structural Proteins: Virus-coded non-structural
proteins have been isolated, or identified by sequence analysis
and 1 or 3 non-structural
proteins are found, or 5 non-structural protein(s) are found.
Lipids are not
reported.
Genome Organization and Replication
Transcription: The virus codes for 5
ORF(s).
Sub-genomic RNA is present in infected cells. The genome expression is
based on RNA production which can be analyzed by the dsRNA patterns found in the
infected tissues. Usually there are 4 virus specified dsRNA species found in
infected cells. Size of largest virus specified dsRNA 6-11.55-17.1
kbp. 2nd largest 4.2-5.6-7 kbp. 3rd largest 1.7-3.7-5.7 kbp.
4th largest 0.5-2.55-4.6 kbp.
Coding Strategy of Segment 1: Sequence has a
gene block. Sequence has triple gene block sequence (TGB). Encodes proteins
involved in cell to cell movement.
Natural Host
Domain
Viral hosts belong to the Domain
Eucarya.
Domain Eucarya
Kingdom Plantae.
Kingdom Plantae
Phylum Magnoliophyta
(Angiosperms, Class Magnoliopsida (Dicotyledonae), or Liliopsida
(Monocotyledonae).
Severity and Occurrence of
Disease
Host: Infection is apparent, or not apparent. Signs
and symptoms persist, or vary seasonally.
Virus is transmitted by a vector, or not transmitted by a
vector. Virus is transmitted by mechanical inoculation, or not transmitted by
mechanical inoculation; transmitted by grafting; transmitted by contact between
hosts, or not transmitted by contact between hosts; transmitted by seeds, or not
transmitted by seeds; not transmitted by pollen.
Vector Transmission:
Virus is transmitted by arthropods, by insects,
or arachnids or mites; arthropod-borne virus is transmitted by insects
of the order Hemiptera, family
Aphididae, familyfamily
Eriophyidae. Virus is transmitted in a non-persistent manner;
requires, for vector transmission, a helper virus, or does not require a helper
virus for vector transmission.
Experimental Hosts and Symptoms
Under
experimental conditions susceptibility to infection by virus is found in many
families, several families, few families. Susceptible host species are found in
the Family Alliaceae, Amaranthaceae, Amaryllidaceae,
Apocynaceae, Araceae, Asparagaceae,
Balsaminaceae, Basellaceae, Cactaceae,
Caricaceae, Caryophyllaceae, Chenopodiaceae,
Commelinaceae, Compositae, Cruciferae,
Cucurbitaceae, Dioscoreaceae, Ericaceae,
Euphorbiaceae, Gesneriaceae, Gramineae,
Hydrangeaceae, Labiatae,
Leguminosae-Caesalpinioideae, Leguminosae-Papilionoideae,
Liliaceae, Malvaceae, Nandinaceae,
Orchidaceae, Pedaliaceae, Plantaginaceae,
Primulaceae, Rosaceae, Scrophulariaceae,
Solanaceae, Tetragoniaceae, Thymelaeaceae,
Tropaeolaceae, Umbelliferae, Violaceae. The following
species were susceptible to experimental virus infection: Agapanthus
praecox ssp. orientalis, Allium cepa, Allium cepa
var. ascalonicum, Allium chinense, Allium porrum,
Allium vineale, Amaranthus caudatus, Amaranthus
hybridus, Amaranthus retroflexus, Anthriscus cerefolium,
Antirrhinum majus, Apium graveolens, Arachis
hypogaea, Arctium minus, Asparagus, Atriplex
hastata, Atriplex hortensis, Austrocylindropuntia
cylindrica, Avena sativa, Bambusa beecheyana,
Bambusa edulis, Bambusa multiplex, Bambusa oldhamii,
Bambusa vulgaris, Beta vulgaris, Brassica
campestris ssp. rapa, Brassica juncea, Bromus
inermis, or Cactaceae, Callistephus chinensis, Calopogonium
mucunoides, Canavalia ensiformis, Capsicum annuum,
Capsicum frutescens, Carica papaya, Cassia
occidentalis, Catharanthus roseus, Cattleya,
Celosia argentea, Centaurea cyanus, Centrosema,
Centrosema pubescens, Cereus, Chenopodium,
Chenopodium album, Chenopodium amaranticolor, Chenopodium
ambrosioides, Chenopodium capitatum, Chenopodium
foetidum, Chenopodium foliosum, Chenopodium giganteum,
Chenopodium hybridum, Chenopodium murale, Chenopodium
polyspermum, Chenopodium quinoa, Chenopodium
schraderianum, Chenopodium urbicum, Cichorium intybus,
Clitoria ternatea, Cnidoscolus acontifolius, Commelina
diffusa, Coriandrum sativum, Crotalaria anagyroides,
Crotalaria goreensis, Crotalaria juncea, Crotalaria
mucronata, Crotalaria retusa, Crotalaria spectabilis,
Cucumis melo, Cucumis sativus, Cucurbita maxima,
Cucurbita pepo, Cyamopsis tetragonoloba, Cymbidium,
Cynara cardunculus, Cynara scolymus, Cynodon
dactylon, Daphne cneorum, Daphne odora, Datura
metel, Datura stramonium, Daucus carota,
Dendrocalamus latiflorus, Desmodium distortum, Dianthus
barbatus, Dioscorea bulbifera, Dioscorea composita,
Dioscorea floribunda, Echinocereus procumbens,
Echinopsis, Epidendrum, Epiphyllum, Euphorbia
heterophylla, Ferocactus acanthodes, Fragaria vesca,
Glycine max, Gomphrena globosa, Gossypium hirsutum,
Hablitzia tamnoides, Helianthus annuus, Helichrysum
bracteatum, Heracleum sphondylium, Hordeum vulgare,
Hydrangea macrophylla, Hyoscyamus niger, Impatiens
holstii, Kalmia latifolia, Lablab purpureus,
Lactuca sativa, Laelia, Laeliocattleya, Lagurus
ovatus, Lathyrus odoratus, Lilium formosanum,
Lophopyrum elongatum, Lycopersicon chilense, Lycopersicon
esculentum, Lycopersicon pimpinellifolium, Malus pumila,
Malva parviflora, Malva rotundifolia, Manihot
esculenta, Medicago alba, Medicago sativa,
Melandrium album, Melilotus albus, Nandina domestica,
Narcissus pseudonarcissus, Nerine bowdenii, Nerine
sarniensis, Nicandra physalodes, Nicotiana benthamiana,
Nicotiana bigelovii, Nicotiana clevelandii, Nicotiana
debneyi, Nicotiana glutinosa, Nicotiana megalosiphon,
Nicotiana occidentalis, Nicotiana plumbaginifolia,
Nicotiana rustica, Nicotiana sylvestris, Nicotiana
tabacum, Nicotiana x edwardsonii, Ocimum basilicum,
Oncidium, Opuntia vulgaris, Oryza sativa,
Panicum capillare, Panicum maximum, Panicum
miliaceum, Pastinaca sativa, Pereskia saccharosa,
Petroselinum crispum, Petunia x hybrida,
Phalaenopsis, Phalaris arundinacea, Phaseolus
lunatus, Phaseolus vulgaris, Philodendron speciosum,
Phleum pratense, Phyllostachys nigra, Physalis
floridana, Physalis peruviana, Pisum sativum,
Plantago asiatica, Plantago lanceolata, Plantago
rugelii, Poa pratensis, Primula malacoides,
Primula obconica, Rehmannia, Rhododendron,
Ricinus communis, Rubus rosifolius, Schlumbergera
bridgesii, Secale cereale, Sesamum indicum,
Setaria italica, Setaria viridis, Silene latifolia
ssp. alba, Smithiantha, Solanum demissum,
Solanum demissum x S. tuberosum, Solanum melongena,
Solanum muricatum, Solanum nigrum, Solanum tuberosum,
Sonchus asper, Sorghum bicolor, Spergula arvensis,
Spinacia oleracea, Stellaria media, Tagetes,
Tamus communis, Tetragonia tetragonioides, Tithonia
speciosa, Torenia fournieri, Trifolium hybridum,
Trifolium incarnatum, Trifolium pratense, Trifolium
repens, Trifolium subterraneum, Triticum aestivum,
Triticum durum, Tropaeolum majus, Tulipa,
Ullucus tuberosus, Vanda, Vanilla fragrans,
Vicia faba, Vicia sativa, Vicia villosa, Vigna
angularis, Vigna radiata, Vigna unguiculata, Vigna
unguiculata ssp. cylindrica, Vigna unguiculata ssp.
sesquipedalis , Viola odorata, Viola tricolor,
Zea mays, Zinnia elegans, Zygocactus,
Zygocactus truncatus, Zygocactus x Schlumbergera,
Zygopetalum.
Experimentally infected insusceptible Hosts: Families
containing insusceptible hosts: Alliaceae,
Amaranthaceae,
Amaryllidaceae,
Anthericaceae,
Apocynaceae,
Araceae,
Caricaceae,
Caryophyllaceae,
Chenopodiaceae,
Commelinaceae,
Compositae,
Cruciferae, or
Cucurbitaceae,
Dioscoreaceae,
Euphorbiaceae,
Gramineae, or
Hydrangeaceae,
Iridaceae,
Labiatae,
Leguminosae-Caesalpinioideae, or
Leguminosae-Papilionoideae,
Liliaceae,
Malvaceae,
Pedaliaceae, or
Polemoniaceae,
Polygonaceae,
Portulacaceae,
Scrophulariaceae, or
Solanaceae,
Tetragoniaceae,
Umbelliferae,
Violaceae. Species inoculated
with virus that do not show signs of susceptibility: Abelmoschus
esculentus, Ageratum conyzoides, Allium cepa,
Allium fistulosum, Allium porrum, Allium sativum,
Allium schoenoprasum, Allium tuberosum, Amaranthus
bicolor, Amaranthus caudatus, Amaranthus retroflexus,
Amaranthus tricolor, Anthriscus cerefolium, Antirrhinum
majus, Apium graveolens, Arachis hypogaea,
Arrhenatherum elatius, Belamcanda chinensis, Beta
vulgaris, Brassica campestris, Brassica campestris ssp.
chinensis, Brassica campestris ssp. napus,
Brassica campestris ssp. pekinensis, Brassica campestris
ssp. rapa, Brassica juncea, Brassica oleracea var.
botrytis, Brassica oleracea var. capitata, Cajanus
cajan, Calendula officinalis, Callistephus chinensis,
Capsicum annuum, Capsicum frutescens, Carica papaya,
Cassia bicapsularis, Cassia occidentalis, Catharanthus
roseus, Celosia argentea, Chenopodium album,
Chenopodium amaranticolor, Chenopodium capitatum,
Chenopodium foetidum, Chenopodium foliosum, Chenopodium
hybridum, Chenopodium murale, Chenopodium quinoa,
Chlorophytum comosum, Chrysanthemum morifolium, Cicer
arietinum, Cichorium endiva, Citrullus lanatus,
Colocasia esculenta, Commelina diffusa, Coriandrum
sativum, Cosmos bipinnatus, Crotalaria juncea,
Crotalaria spectabilis, Cucumis melo, Cucumis
sativus, Cucurbita maxima, Cucurbita moschata,
Cucurbita pepo, Cyamopsis tetragonoloba, Dahlia
pinnata, Datura metel, Datura stramonium, Daucus
carota, Dianthus barbatus, Dianthus caryophyllus,
Dioscorea alata, Euphorbia marginata, Fagopyrum
esculentum, Glycine max, Gomphrena globosa,
Gossypium hirsutum, Gynura aurantiaca, Helianthus
annuus, Hippeastrum hybridum, Hordeum vulgare,
Hydrangea macrophylla, Lablab purpureus, Lactuca
sativa, Lathyrus odoratus, Lespedeza stipulacea,
Lilium, Lilium formosanum, Lolium perenne,
Lupinus albus, Lupinus angustifolius, Lycopersicon
esculentum, Macroptilium lathyroides, Matthiola incana,
Medicago sativa, Melilotus albus, Momordica
balsamina, Montia perfoliata, Narcissus, Narcissus
pseudonarcissus, Nicandra physalodes, Nicotiana
benthamiana, Nicotiana clevelandii, Nicotiana debneyi,
Nicotiana glutinosa (21/34), Nicotiana hesperis,
Nicotiana megalosiphon, Nicotiana occidentalis, Nicotiana
rustica, Nicotiana sylvestris, Nicotiana tabacum,
Nicotiana x edwardsonii, Ocimum basilicum, Oryza
sativa, Pastinaca sativa, Petunia x hybrida,
Phaseolus lunatus, Phaseolus vulgaris, Philodendron
selloum, Phlox drummondii, Physalis floridana,
Pisum sativum, Raphanus sativus, Ricinus communis,
Saccharum officinarum, Salvia splendens, Sesamum
indicum, Sesbania exaltata, Setaria italica,
Solanum demissum, Solanum melongena, Solanum nigrum,
Solanum tuberosum, Sorghum halepense, Spinacia
oleracea, Tagetes patula, Taraxacum officinale,
Tetragonia tetragonioides, Tinantia erecta, Trifolium
hybridum, Trifolium incarnatum, Trifolium pratense,
Trifolium repens, Trigonella foenum-graecum, Triticum
aestivum, Verbesina encelioides, Vicia faba (14/34),
Vigna radiata, Vigna unguiculata, Vigna unguiculata
ssp. cylindrica, Vigna unguiculata ssp. sesquipedalis ,
Viola cornuta, Zea mays, Zinnia elegans.
Histopathology: Virions are found in the cytoplasm, or nucleus,
or cell vacuole.
Cytopathology: Inclusions are present in infected cells, or not
present in infected cells. Inclusion bodies in the host cell are found in the
cytoplasm, or nucleus. Nuclear inclusion bodies are crystals. Cytoplasmic
inclusions are crystals, or amorphous X-bodies, or viroplasma. Inclusions
contain mature virions, or do not contain mature virions.
The virus is probably distributed worldwide. The virus
spreads in Central Asia, or East Asia, or Eurasia, or North America, or
Australasia and Pacific Islands. The virus occurs in Australia, or Belgium, or
Bolivia, or Brazil, or Bulgaria, or Canada, or Chile, or China, or Colombia, or
Cote d'Ivoire, or Czechoslovakia (former), or Denmark, or France, or Germany, or
India, or Ireland, or Israel, or Italy, or Japan, or Luxembourg, or Mexico, or
the Netherlands, or New Zealand (Aotearoa), or Nigeria, or Papua New Guinea, or
Paraguay, or Peru, or the Philippines, or Puerto Rico, or South Africa, or
Spain, or Switzerland, or Taiwan, or Thailand, or the United Kingdom, or the
United States of America, or the USSR (former), or Venezuela.
Type species 00.056.0.01.001.
Potato virus X .
List of Species in the
Genus.
Tentative Species in the
Genus.
Data Sources and
Contributions
The
following generic references are cited in the most recent ICTV Report.
PubMed References.
A description of the virus is found
in DPV, a database for plant viruses developed by the Association of Applied
Biologists (AAB), with the number
200.
Taxon images: • EM from IACR Rothamsted.
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