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00.056.0.01.016. Plantain virus X

Cite this publication as: ICTVdB Management (2006). 00.056.0.01.016. Plantain virus X. In: ICTVdB - The Universal Virus Database, version 4. Büchen-Osmond, C. (Ed), Columbia University, New York, USA

Cite this site as: ICTVdB - The Universal Virus Database, version 4. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/ICTVdb/ICTVdB/

Table of Contents

Isolate Description

Location: Great Britain (UK).

Host of Isolate and Habitat Details
Source of isolate: Plantago lanceolata.

Natural host and symptoms
Plantago lanceolata — no obvious symptoms.

Reference to Isolation Report
Hammond and Hull (1981).

Classification

This is a description of a plant virus at the species level with data on all virus properties from morphology to genome, replication, antigenicity and biological properties.

ICTVdB Virus Code: 00.056.0.01.016. Virus accession number: 56001016. Obsolete virus code: 56.0.1.0.016; superceded accession number: 56010016.

Name, Synonyms and Lineage

ICTV approved acronym: PlVX. Virus is an ICTV approved species of the genus 00.056.0.01. Potexvirus in the family 00.056. Flexiviridae.

Virion Properties

Morphology

Virions consist of a capsid. Virus capsid is not enveloped. Capsid/nucleocapsid is elongated with helical symmetry. The capsid is filamentous, flexuous with a length of 570-580 nm and a width of 12 nm. Axial canal is indistinct. Basic helix is obvious (in UA or UF). Pitch of helix is 3.4 nm. Capsid sometimes have a loose external helical structure in negatively stained epidermal dips (Hammond and Hull, 1981).

Electron microscopic preparation and references: Virus preparation contains many virions. Fixation not necessary. Best detail with UA and UF. Reference for electron microscopic methods: Hammond and Hull (1981).

Physicochemical and Physical Properties

Virions have a buoyant density in CsCl of 1.31 g cm-3. The density of virions is 1.259 in Cs2SO4. There are 1 sedimenting component(s) found in purified preparations. The sedimentation coefficient is 119 S20w. A260/A280 ratio is 1.19 (partially corrected). The thermal inactivation point (TIP) is at 60-70°C.

Nucleic Acid

The genome is monopartite. Only one particle size of linear, positive-sense, single-stranded RNA is recovered. The complete genome is 6500 nucleotides long. Genome is sequenced, but only an estimate is available, complete sequence is 6500 nucleotides long. Reference to nucleotide sequence isolation method by Wilcockson and Hull: the SDS - sodium perchlorate or the phenol-chloroform method, both probably equally efficient.

Proteins

Proteins constitute about 94-95% of the particle weight.

The viral genome encodes structural proteins and non-structural proteins. Virions consist of 1 structural protein(s).

Structural Proteins: Reference to method of preparation: Francki and McLean (1968).

Reference to amino acid sequence or composition Hammond and Hull (1981).

Lipids

Lipids are not reported.

Transcription: The virus codes for 5 ORF(s).

Coding Strategy of Segment 1: Sequence has a gene block. Sequence has triple gene block sequence (TGB). Encodes proteins involved in cell to cell movement.

Antigenicity

The virus does not show serological relationships to cactus X, clover yellow mosaic, Cymbidium mosaic, narcissus mosaic, papaya mosaic (plantago severe mottle strain), potato X and white clover mosaic viruses.

No significant sequence homologies were found between plantago X, potato X and papaya mosaic viruses by cDNA/RNA hybridization.

Diagnostics and Reference Collections

The best tests for diagnosis are Plantain Virus X does not infect Gomphrena globosa, whereas the plantago severe mottle strain of papaya mosaic virus does. The latter also does not infect Plantago lanceolata and Nicotiana ssp.

Biological Properties

Natural Host

Domain
Viral hosts belong to the Domain Eucarya.

Domain Eucarya
Kingdom Plantae.

Kingdom Plantae
Phylum Magnoliophyta (Angiosperms, Class Magnoliopsida (Dicotyledonae).

Class Magnoliopsida (Dicotyledonae)
Subclass ASTERIDAE.

Transmission and Vector Relationships

Virus is transmitted by mechanical inoculation.

Experimental Hosts and Symptoms

Under experimental conditions susceptibility to infection by virus is found in several families. Susceptible host species are found in the Family Amaranthaceae, Chenopodiaceae, Compositae, Leguminosae-Papilionoideae, Plantaginaceae, Solanaceae. The following species were susceptible to experimental virus infection: Amaranthus caudatus, Chenopodium amaranticolor, Datura metel, Datura stramonium, Hyoscyamus niger, Lycopersicon esculentum, Nicotiana benthamiana, Nicotiana clevelandii, Nicotiana rustica, Nicotiana tabacum, Nicotiana x edwardsonii, Petunia x hybrida, Phaseolus vulgaris, Plantago lanceolata, Plantago rugelii, Vigna unguiculata, Zinnia elegans.

Experimentally infected insusceptible Hosts: Families containing insusceptible hosts: Amaranthaceae, Chenopodiaceae, Cruciferae, Cucurbitaceae, Leguminosae-Papilionoideae, Portulacaceae, or Solanaceae, Tetragoniaceae. Species inoculated with virus that do not show signs of susceptibility: Brassica campestris ssp. chinensis, Brassica campestris ssp. pekinensis, Brassica campestris ssp. rapa, Chenopodium hybridum, Chenopodium quinoa, Cucumis sativus, Gomphrena globosa, Momordica balsamina, Montia perfoliata, Nicotiana glutinosa, Pisum sativum, Tetragonia tetragonioides, Vicia faba.

Diagnostic Hosts

Diagnostic host species and symptoms:

Nicotiana clevelandii — systemic necrotic flecking when grown in bright light.

N. x edwardsonii — necrotic flecking of inoculated and systemically infected leaves (white ringspots at 32°C).

Plantago rugelii — spreading local and systemic necrotic spots. Diagnostic host: insusceptible host species Tetragonia tetragonioides, Montia perfoliata, Brassica campestris ssp. rapa, Cucumis sativus, Gomphrena globosa.

Maintenance and Propagation Hosts

Most commonly used maintenance and propagation host species are Nicotiana clevelandii, N. x edwardsonii.

Assay Hosts

Host: Assay hosts (for Local lesions or Whole plants):
Nicotiana x edwardsonii (W) and Plantago rugelii (L).

References to host data: Hammond and Hull (1981).

Histopathology: Virus can be best detected in all parts of the host plant. Virions are found in the cytoplasm.

Cytopathology: Inclusions are present in infected cells. Inclusion bodies in the host cell are found in the cytoplasm. Inclusions are whorl-like arrays. Inclusions contain mature virions.

Geographical Distribution

The virus occurs in the United Kingdom.

Ecology, Epidemiology and Control

Studies reported by Hammond (1982).

References

Gracia, O., Koenig, R. and Lesemann, D.-E. (1983). Phytopathology 73: 1488.

Hammond, J. (1977). Rep. John Innes Inst. 1976, p.109.

Hammond, J. (1983). Adv. Virus Res. 27: 103.

Hammond, J. and Hull, R. (1981). J. gen. Virol. 54: 75.

Hammond, J. and Hull, R. (1983). CMI/AAB Descr. Pl. Viruses No. 266, 4 pp.

Rowhani, A and Petersen, J.F. (1980). Can. J. Pl. Path. 2: 12.

Wilcockson, J. and Hull, R. (1974). J. gen. Virol. 23: 107. The following generic references are cited in the most recent ICTV Report.
VIDEdB, the plant virus database developed at the Australian National University by Adrian J. Gibbs and collaborators, contains an earlier description with the number 627 by J. Hammond, 1987. A description of the virus is found in DPV, a database for plant viruses developed by the Association of Applied Biologists (AAB), with the number 266.



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DELTA - DEscription Language for TAxonomy developed by Dr Mike Dallwitz, Toni Paine and Eric Zurcher, CSIRO Entomology, Canberra, Australia. ICTVdB - The Universal Virus Database, developed for the International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses by Dr Cornelia Büchen-Osmond is written in DELTA. The virus descriptions in ICTVdB are coded by, or using data from experts in the field of virology or members ICTV. The character list is the underlying code. All virus descriptions are based on the character list and natural language translations are automatically generated and formatted for display on the Web from the descriptions in DELTA-format. The description has been generated automatically from DELTA files. DELTA - DEscription Language for TAxonomy developed by Dr Mike Dallwitz, Toni Paine and Eric Zurcher, CSIRO Entomology, Canberra, Australia.

ICTVdB - The Universal Virus Database, developed for the International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses (ICTV) by Dr Cornelia Büchen-Osmond, is written in DELTA. The virus descriptions in ICTVdB are coded by ICTV members and experts, or by the ICTVdB Management using data provided by the experts, the literature or the latest ICTV Report. The character list is the underlying code. All virus descriptions are based on the character list and natural language translations from the encoded descriptions are automatically generated and formatted for display on the Web.

Developer of the DELTA software: M. J. Dallwitz, T. Paine and E. Zurcher

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Last updated on 25 April 2006 by Cornelia Büchen-Osmond
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