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00.056.0.01.012. Nerine virus X

Cite this publication as: ICTVdB Management (2006). 00.056.0.01.012. Nerine virus X. In: ICTVdB - The Universal Virus Database, version 4. Büchen-Osmond, C. (Ed), Columbia University, New York, USA

Cite this site as: ICTVdB - The Universal Virus Database, version 4. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/ICTVdb/ICTVdB/

Table of Contents

Isolate Description

Location: England; the United Kingdom.

Host of Isolate and Habitat Details
Source of isolate: Nerine sarniensis.

Natural host and symptoms
Nerine sarniensis (nerine strain) — symptomless.

Agapanthus praecox ssp. orientalis (agapanthus strain) — symptomless.

Reference to Isolation Report
Brunt et al. (1970).

Classification

This is a description of a plant virus at the species level with data on all virus properties from morphology to genome, replication, antigenicity and biological properties.

ICTVdB Virus Code: 00.056.0.01.012. Virus accession number: 56001012. Obsolete virus code: 56.0.1.0.012; superceded accession number: 56010012.

Name, Synonyms and Lineage

Synonym(s): agapanthus Virus X. ICTV approved acronym: NVX. Virus is an ICTV approved species of the genus 00.056.0.01. Potexvirus; family 00.056. Flexiviridae.

Virion Properties

Morphology

Virions consist of a capsid. Virus capsid is not enveloped. Capsid/nucleocapsid is elongated with helical symmetry. The capsid is filamentous, flexuous with a length of 540 nm and a width of 11 nm. Axial canal is indistinct. Basic helix is obscure.

Electron microscopic preparation and references: Virus preparation contains few virions. Reference for electron microscopic methods: Maat (1976), for nerine strain; Phillips and Brunt (1980), agapanthus strain.

Physicochemical and Physical Properties

Virions have a buoyant density in CsCl of 1.31 g cm-3 (unfixed). There are 1 sedimenting component(s) found in purified preparations. The sedimentation coefficient is 120 S20w. A260/A280 ratio is 1.18-1.4. The thermal inactivation point (TIP) is at 95-100°C. The longevity in vitro (LIV) is 365 days (at least). Although the titer is dependent on the host, the decimal exponent (DEX) of the dilution end point is usually around 7 (all tests in Chenopodium quinoa sap; agapanthus strain).

Nucleic Acid

The Mr of the genome constitutes 5% of the virion by weight. The genome is monopartite, only one particle size is recovered of linear, positive-sense, single-stranded RNA. Minor species of non-genomic nucleic acid are not found in virions. The complete genome is 7000 nucleotides long, is sequenced and complete sequence is about 7000 nucleotides long. Reference to nucleotide sequence Brunt et al. (1980).

Proteins

Proteins constitute about 95% of the particle weight.

The viral genome encodes structural proteins and non-structural proteins. Virions consist of 1 structural protein(s).

Structural Proteins: Reference to method of preparation: Brunt et al. (1975).

Lipids

Lipids are not reported.

Transcription: The virus codes for 5 ORF(s).

Coding Strategy of Segment 1: Sequence has a gene block. Sequence has triple gene block sequence (TGB). Encodes proteins involved in cell to cell movement.

Antigenicity

The virus is serologically related to commelina X (SDI 8), hydrangea ringspot (SDI 9), potato X (SDI 5) and viola mottle (SDI 9) viruses. The virus does not show serological relationships to bamboo mosaic, cactus X, Cymbidium mosaic, lily X, narcissus mosaic, papaya mosaic (type strain and ullucus strain), potato aucuba mosaic and white clover mosaic viruses.

Diagnostics and Reference Collections

The best tests for diagnosis are ISEM with 'decoration'.

Biological Properties

Natural Host

Domain
Viral hosts belong to the Domain Eucarya.

Domain Eucarya
Kingdom Plantae.

Kingdom Plantae
Phylum Magnoliophyta (Angiosperms, Class Liliopsida (Monocotyledonae).

Transmission and Vector Relationships

Virus is transmitted by mechanical inoculation; not transmitted by contact between hosts; not transmitted by seeds; not transmitted by pollen.

Experimental Hosts and Symptoms

Under experimental conditions susceptibility to infection by virus is found in several families. Susceptible host species are found in the Family Alliaceae, Amaranthaceae, Amaryllidaceae, Chenopodiaceae, Leguminosae-Papilionoideae, Solanaceae, Tetragoniaceae. The following species were susceptible to experimental virus infection: Agapanthus praecox ssp. orientalis, Amaranthus retroflexus, Chenopodium amaranticolor, Chenopodium capitatum, Chenopodium murale, Chenopodium quinoa, Gomphrena globosa, Lycopersicon esculentum, Nerine sarniensis, Nicandra physalodes, Nicotiana debneyi, Tetragonia tetragonioides, Trifolium incarnatum.

Experimentally infected insusceptible Hosts: Families containing insusceptible hosts: Alliaceae, Amaryllidaceae, Compositae, or Cruciferae, Cucurbitaceae, Iridaceae, Leguminosae-Papilionoideae, or Liliaceae, Portulacaceae, Solanaceae (8 /11). Species inoculated with virus that do not show signs of susceptibility: Allium cepa, Arachis hypogaea, Belamcanda chinensis, Brassica campestris ssp. pekinensis, Cajanus cajan, Calendula officinalis, Capsicum annuum, Cucumis sativus, Dahlia pinnata, Datura stramonium, Helianthus annuus, Hippeastrum hybridum, Lactuca sativa, Lilium (cv. Enchantment), Lilium formosanum, Montia perfoliata, Narcissus pseudonarcissus, Nicotiana clevelandii, Nicotiana glutinosa, Nicotiana tabacum, Petunia x hybrida, Phaseolus vulgaris, Solanum demissum, Solanum tuberosum, Verbesina encelioides, Vicia faba, Zinnia elegans.

Diagnostic Hosts

Diagnostic host species and symptoms:

Chenopodium quinoa — chlorotic or necrotic local lesions, then systemic chlorosis.

Chenopodium amaranticolor, C. murale, C. capitatum, Gomphrena globosa and Amaranthus retroflexus — chlorotic local lesions, not systemic.

Tetragonia tetragonioides — etched chlorotic local lesions, not systemic. All tests done with the agapanthus strain. Diagnostic host: insusceptible host species Lilium cv. Enchantment, Narcissus pseudonarcissus, Solanum tuberosum, Nicotiana clevelandii, Hippeastrum hybridum.

Maintenance and Propagation Hosts

Most commonly used maintenance and propagation host species are Chenopodium quinoa.

Assay Hosts

Host: Assay hosts (for Local lesions or Whole plants):
Chenopodium quinoa (L-W), Chenopodium amaranticolor (L) and Chenopodium murale (L).

References to host data: Phillips and Brunt (1980).

Histopathology: Virus can be best detected in all parts of the host plant.

Geographical Distribution

The virus occurs in the Netherlands and the United Kingdom.

List of Strains and Isolates in the Species

Agapanthus, Nerine.

Comments

The type strain from Nerine sarniensis is isolated and maintained in test plants with difficulty. Most data in this description are from work with the strain from Agapanthus praecox ssp. orientalis, which is serologically indistinguishable from the type strain, but is readily isolated, reaches a high concentration in test plants and is very stable in vitro.

References

Brunt, A.A., Barton, R.J., Phillips, S. and Lana, AO (1980). Ann. appl. Biol. 96: 37.

Brunt, A.A., Barton, R.J., Tremaine, J.H. and Stace-Smith, R. (1975). J. gen. Virol. 27: 101.

Brunt, A.A., Hollings, M. and Stone, O.M. (1970). Rep. Glasshouse Crops Res. Inst. 1969, p. 138.

Maat, D.Z. (1976). Neth. J. Pl. Path. 82: 95.

Phillips, S. and Brunt, A.A. (1980). Acta Hort. 110: 65.

Phillips, S. and Brunt, A.A. (1988). CMI/AAB Descr. Pl. Viruses No. 336, 3 pp.

The following generic references are cited in the most recent ICTV Report.
A description of this taxon in VIDEdB, the plant virus database developed at the Australian National University by Adrian J. Gibbs and collaborators, contains an earlier description with the number 519 by S. Phillips, 1986. A description of the virus is found in DPV, a database for plant viruses developed by the Association of Applied Biologists (AAB), with the number 336.



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DELTA - DEscription Language for TAxonomy developed by Dr Mike Dallwitz, Toni Paine and Eric Zurcher, CSIRO Entomology, Canberra, Australia. ICTVdB - The Universal Virus Database, developed for the International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses by Dr Cornelia Büchen-Osmond is written in DELTA. The virus descriptions in ICTVdB are coded by, or using data from experts in the field of virology or members ICTV. The character list is the underlying code. All virus descriptions are based on the character list and natural language translations are automatically generated and formatted for display on the Web from the descriptions in DELTA-format. The description has been generated automatically from DELTA files. DELTA - DEscription Language for TAxonomy developed by Dr Mike Dallwitz, Toni Paine and Eric Zurcher, CSIRO Entomology, Canberra, Australia.

ICTVdB - The Universal Virus Database, developed for the International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses (ICTV) by Dr Cornelia Büchen-Osmond, is written in DELTA. The virus descriptions in ICTVdB are coded by ICTV members and experts, or by the ICTVdB Management using data provided by the experts, the literature or the latest ICTV Report. The character list is the underlying code. All virus descriptions are based on the character list and natural language translations from the encoded descriptions are automatically generated and formatted for display on the Web.

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Last updated on 25 April 2006 by Cornelia Büchen-Osmond
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