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00.056.0.01.007. Cymbidium mosaic virus

Cite this publication as: ICTVdB Management (2006). 00.056.0.01.007. Cymbidium mosaic virus. In: ICTVdB - The Universal Virus Database, version 4. Büchen-Osmond, C. (Ed), Columbia University, New York, USA

Cite this site as: ICTVdB - The Universal Virus Database, version 4. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/ICTVdb/ICTVdB/

Table of Contents

Isolate Description

Location: California; the United States of America.

Host of Isolate and Habitat Details
Source of isolate: Cymbidium ssp.

Natural host and symptoms
Cymbidium ssp. — mosaic, necrosis.

Cattleya ssp. — mosaic, flower necrosis.

Phalaenopsis ssp. — mosaic, water soaked local lesions.

Vanda ssp. — chlorotic flecks.

Epidendrum ssp., Laelia ssp., Laeliocattleya ssp., Oncidium ssp., Zygopetalum ssp., Vanilla fragrans — also naturally infected. Comments on host and host range: some early reports of host range were probably of Odontoglossum ringspot virus.

Reference to Isolation Report
Jensen (1950).

Classification

This is a description of a plant virus at the species level with data on all virus properties from morphology to genome, replication, antigenicity and biological properties.

ICTVdB Virus Code: 00.056.0.01.007. Virus accession number: 56001007. Obsolete virus code: 56.0.1.0.007; superceded accession number: 56010007.
NCBI Taxon Identifier NCBI Taxonomy ID: 12178.

Name, Synonyms and Lineage

Synonym(s): orchid mosaic virus. ICTV approved acronym: CymMV. Virus is an ICTV approved species. Virus is of the genus 00.056.0.01. Potexvirus in the family 00.056. Flexiviridae.

Virion Properties

Morphology

Virions consist of a capsid. Virus capsid is not enveloped. Capsid/nucleocapsid is elongated with helical symmetry. The capsid is filamentous, flexuous with a length of 480 nm and a width of 13 nm. Axial canal is indistinct. Basic helix is obvious. Pitch of helix is 2.8 nm.

Electron microscopic preparation and references: Virus preparation contains many virions. Reference for electron microscopic methods: Francki and McLean (1968).

Physicochemical and Physical Properties

There are 1 sedimenting component(s) found in purified preparations. The sedimentation coefficient is 121 S20w. The thermal inactivation point (TIP) is at 60-70°C. The longevity in vitro (LIV) is 25 days. Although the titer is dependent on the host, the decimal exponent (DEX) of the dilution end point is usually around 6-7.

Nucleic Acid

The Mr of the genome constitutes 5.6% of the virion by weight. The genome is monopartite. Only one particle size of linear, positive-sense, single-stranded RNA is recovered. The complete genome is 8100 nucleotides long, is fully and partially sequenced, complete sequence is 8100 nucleotides long. Sequence has the accession number

[X62133] Em(40)_vi:CMVIRCP Gb(84)_vi:CMVIRCP Cymbidium mosaic virus gene for coat protein. 6/92 1,290bp.
[X62663] Em(40)_vi:CMV11KD Gb(84)_vi:CMV11KD Cymbidium mosaic virus RNA for 11Kd protein. 6/92 276bp.
[X62664] Em(40)_vi:CMV14KD Gb(84)_vi:CMV14KD Cymbidium mosaic virus RNA for 14Kd protein. 6/92 339bp
[X62665] Em(40)_vi:CMVCP Gb(84)_vi:CMVCP Cymbidium mosaic virus RNA for coat protein. 10/93 749bp. 4 sequences.
[X81051] Em(44)n:Cmpvcp Gb(90)_vi:Cmpvcp Cymbidium mosaic virus genomic RNA for coat protein. 7/95 748bp. The genome has a base ratio of 21.1 % guanine; 28.9 % adenine; 24.4 % cytosine; 25.6 % uracil. Reference to nucleotide sequence Frowd and Tremaine (1977).

GenBank records for nucleotide sequences; complete genome sequences.

Proteins

Proteins constitute about 94% of the particle weight.

The viral genome encodes structural proteins and non-structural proteins. Virions consist of 1 structural protein(s).

Structural Proteins: Reference to method of preparation: Francki and McLean (1968).

Reference to amino acid sequence or composition Frowd and Tremaine (1977).

Lipids

Lipids are not reported.

Transcription: The virus codes for 5 ORF(s).

Coding Strategy of Segment 1: Sequence has a gene block. Sequence has triple gene block sequence (TGB). Encodes proteins involved in cell to cell movement.

Antigenicity

The virus does not show serological relationships to white clover mosaic virus and potato Virus X.

Biological Properties

Natural Host

Domain
Viral hosts belong to the Domain Eucarya.

Domain Eucarya
Kingdom Plantae.

Kingdom Plantae
Phylum Magnoliophyta (Angiosperms, Class Liliopsida (Monocotyledonae).

Severity and Occurrence of Disease

Host: Signs and symptoms vary seasonally.

Transmission and Vector Relationships

Virus is not transmitted by a vector. Virus is transmitted by mechanical inoculation; transmitted by contact between hosts.

Experimental Hosts and Symptoms

Under experimental conditions susceptibility to infection by virus is found in several families. Susceptible host species are found in the Family Amaranthaceae, Chenopodiaceae, Compositae, Cucurbitaceae, Gramineae, Leguminosae-Caesalpinioideae, Orchidaceae, Solanaceae, Tropaeolaceae (1 /1). The following species were susceptible to experimental virus infection: Cassia occidentalis, Cattleya, Chenopodium amaranticolor, Cucumis sativus, Cymbidium, Datura stramonium, Epidendrum, Gomphrena globosa, Laelia, Laeliocattleya, Oncidium, Oryza sativa, Phalaenopsis, Tropaeolum majus, Vanda, Vanilla fragrans, Zinnia elegans, Zygopetalum.

Experimentally infected insusceptible Hosts: Families containing insusceptible hosts: Apocynaceae, Caryophyllaceae, or Chenopodiaceae, Compositae, Cruciferae, Cucurbitaceae, Gramineae, or Labiatae, Leguminosae-Papilionoideae, Solanaceae (5 /6), or Umbelliferae. Species inoculated with virus that do not show signs of susceptibility: Apium graveolens, Beta vulgaris, Brassica campestris ssp. napus, Brassica campestris ssp. pekinensis, Brassica oleracea var. botrytis, Capsicum frutescens, Catharanthus roseus, Cucurbita maxima, Dianthus caryophyllus, Glycine max, Lactuca sativa, Lathyrus odoratus, Lycopersicon esculentum, Nicotiana glutinosa, Nicotiana tabacum, Ocimum basilicum, Petunia x hybrida, Phaseolus vulgaris, Raphanus sativus, Trifolium incarnatum, Vigna unguiculata, Zea mays.

Diagnostic Hosts

Diagnostic host species and symptoms:

Chenopodium amaranticolor, Datura stramonium — blotchy local lesions developing slowly; not systemic.

Cassia occidentalis — small local lesions; not systemic.

Diagnostic host: insusceptible host species Beta vulgaris, Nicotiana glutinosa, N. tabacum, Petunia x hybrida, Zea mays.

Maintenance and Propagation Hosts

Most commonly used maintenance and propagation host species are Datura stramonium, Cymbidium sp.

Assay Hosts

Host: Assay hosts (for Local lesions or Whole plants):
Chenopodium amaranticolor (L), Cassia occidentalis (L), Datura stramonium (L).

References to host data: Jensen (1955, Jensen and Gold (1955, Murakishi (1958, Kado and Jensen (1964, Faccioli and Marani (1979).

Histopathology: Virus can be best detected in leaves. Virions are found in the cytoplasm.

Cytopathology: Inclusions are cytoplasmic present in infected cells. Inclusion bodies in the host cell are found in the cytoplasm. Inclusions are banded bodies. Inclusions contain mature virions. Other cellular changes include osmiophilic globules in chloroplasts.

Geographical Distribution

The virus is probably distributed worldwide.

References

Faccioli, G. and Marani, F. (1979). Phytopathol. Medit. 18: 21.

Francki, RIB. (1970). CMI/AAB Descr. Pl. Viruses No. 27, 3 pp.

Francki, RIB. and McLean, GD (1968). Aust. J. biol. Sci. 21: 1311.

Francki, RIB., Randles, J.W., Chambers, T.C. and Wilson, S.B. (1966). Virology 28: 729.

Frowd, J.A. and Tremaine, J.H. (1977). Phytopathology 67: 43.

Hanchey, P., Livingstone, CH and Reeves, F.B. (1975). Physiol. Pl. Path. 6: 227.

Jensen, D.D. (1950). Phytopathology 40: 966.

Jensen, D.D. (1955). Phytopathology 41: 401.

Jensen, D.D. and Gold, AH. (1955). Phytopathology 45: 327.

Kado, C.I. and Jensen, D.D. (1964). Phytopathology 54: 974.

Murakishi, HH (1958). Phytopathology 48: 132.

Pearson, M.N., Brunt, A.A. and Pone, S.P. (1990). J. Phytopath. 128: 46.

The following generic references are cited in the most recent ICTV Report.

PubMed References.

VIDEdB, the plant virus database developed at the Australian National University by Adrian J. Gibbs and collaborators, contains an earlier description with the number 274 by R.I.B. Francki, 1984.

A description of the virus is found in DPV, a database for plant viruses developed by the Association of Applied Biologists (AAB), with the number 27.



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ICTVdB - The Universal Virus Database, developed for the International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses (ICTV) by Dr Cornelia Büchen-Osmond, is written in DELTA. The virus descriptions in ICTVdB are coded by ICTV members and experts, or by the ICTVdB Management using data provided by the experts, the literature or the latest ICTV Report. The character list is the underlying code. All virus descriptions are based on the character list and natural language translations from the encoded descriptions are automatically generated and formatted for display on the Web.

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