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00.039.0.01. Luteovirus
Cite this publication as: ICTVdB Management (2006).
00.039.0.01. Luteovirus. In: ICTVdB - The Universal Virus Database,
version 4. Büchen-Osmond, C. (Ed), Columbia University, New York, USA
Cite this site as: ICTVdB - The Universal Virus Database, version 4.
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/ICTVdb/ICTVdB/
This is a description of a
plant virus at the genus level (not yet assigned to
a family) with data on all virus properties from morphology to genome,
replication, antigenicity and biological properties.
ICTVdB Virus Code: 00.039.0.01. Virus accession number:
039001GE. Obsolete virus code: 39.0.1.; superceded accession number: 39010000.
NCBI Taxon Identifier NCBI Taxonomy ID:
12036.
Name, Synonyms and Lineage
Synonym(s): Barley
yellow dwarf virus group. Virus is of the family
00.039.
Luteoviridae.
Virions consist of a capsid. Virus capsid is not
enveloped, round with icosahedral
symmetry. The isometric capsid has a diameter of
23-26.36-30 nm. Capsids appear round, or hexagonal in outline. The
capsomer arrangement is clearly visible, or is not obvious. The capsid consists
of 32 capsomers.
Electron microscopic preparation and references: Virus preparation
contains few virions.
Virions have a buoyant density in CsCl of 1.38-1.42 g
cm-3. There are 1 sedimenting component(s) found in purified
preparations. The sedimentation coefficient is 104-113.3-118
S20w. Isoelectric point pH is 5.3.
A260/A280 ratio is 1.8. The thermal inactivation point
(TIP) is at 45-63.12-80°C. The longevity in vitro (LIV) is
5-13.5-16 days. Although the titer is dependent on the host, the
decimal exponent (DEX) of the dilution end point is usually around 2, or
3-4. The infectivity is decreased by treatment with ether, or not changed
by treatment with ether; retained when deproteinized with proteases; retained
when deproteinized with phenol or detergent.
The Mr
of the genome constitutes 28-30.31-37.8% of the virion by weight. The
genome is not segmented and contains a single molecule of linear
positive-sense, single-stranded RNA. Minor species of
non-genomic nucleic acid are also found in virions. The encapsidated
nucleic acid is mainly of genomic origin, but virions may also contain satellite
RNA. The genome is sequenced,
and complete sequence is about 5600-6044-6900
nucleotides long. The genome has a base ratio of 24.6 % guanine; 29.6 % adenine;
23.8 % cytosine; 22 % uracil. The 5'-end of the genome has a genome-linked
protein (VPg).
GenBank records for
nucleotide sequences;
complete genome sequences.
Proteins
constitute about 70-70.71-72% of the particle weight.
The viral genome encodes structural proteins and non-structural proteins.
Virions consist of 1 structural protein(s), or 2 structural protein(s), or 4
structural protein(s).
Non-Structural Proteins: Virus-coded non-structural
proteins have been isolated, or identified by sequence analysis
and 3 non-structural protein(s) are found, or 6 non-structural
protein(s) are found.
Lipids are
absent.
Genome Organization and Replication
Transcription: Sub-genomic RNA is
present in infected cells.
Translation: The genome replicates in
the cytoplasm.
Natural Host
Domain
Viral hosts belong to the Domain
Eucarya.
Domain Eucarya
Kingdom Plantae.
Kingdom Plantae
Phylum Magnoliophyta
(Angiosperms, Class Magnoliopsida (Dicotyledonae), or Liliopsida
(Monocotyledonae).
Severity and Occurrence of
Disease
Host: Signs and symptoms persist, or
vary seasonally, or disappear soon after infection.
Virus is transmitted by a vector, or not transmitted by a
vector. Virus is not transmitted by mechanical inoculation; transmitted by
grafting, or not transmitted by grafting; not transmitted by contact between
hosts; not transmitted by seeds; not transmitted by pollen.
Vector Transmission:
Virus is transmitted by arthropods, by insects
of the order Hemiptera, family Aphididae. Virus is transmitted in a persistent
manner; retained when the vector moults; does not replicate in the vector; not
transmitted congenitally to the progeny of the vector; does not require a helper
virus for vector transmission, or can facilitate the vector transmission of
another virus.
Experimental Hosts and Symptoms
Under
experimental conditions susceptibility to infection by virus is found in many
families, several families, few families. Susceptible host species are found in
the Family Amaranthaceae, Caprifoliaceae,
Caryophyllaceae, Chenopodiaceae, Compositae,
Cruciferae, Cucurbitaceae, Euphorbiaceae,
Geraniaceae, Gramineae, Labiatae,
Leguminosae-Papilionoideae, Malvaceae, Moraceae,
Myrtaceae, Onagraceae, Papaveraceae,
Polemoniaceae, Portulacaceae, Rosaceae,
Rutaceae, Solanaceae, Tetragoniaceae,
Tropaeolaceae, Ulmaceae, Umbelliferae,
Violaceae, Vitidaceae. The following species were susceptible
to experimental virus infection: Abelmoschus esculentus, Agrostis
alba, Amaranthus caudatus, Amaranthus retroflexus,
Anethum graveolens, Anthoxanthum odoratum, Anthriscus
cerefolium, Anthriscus sylvestris, Apium graveolens,
Apium leptophyllum, Arachis hypogaea, Arctotheca
calendula, Arundo donax, Astragalus sinicus, Avena
byzantina, Avena sativa, Avena strigosa, Beta
macrocarpa, Beta patellaris, Beta vulgaris, Beta
vulgaris ssp. cicla, Brassica campestris ssp. napus,
Brassica campestris ssp. pekinensis, Brassica
campestris ssp. rapa, Brassica juncea, Brassica
napus var. napobrassica, Brassica nigra, Brassica
oleracea var. botrytis, Brassica oleracea var.
capitata, Bromus inermis, Bromus mollis, Bromus
racemosus, Bromus secalinus, Bromus tectorum,
Calandrinia caulescens, Capsella bursa-pastoris, Capsicum
annuum, Celosia argentea, Cheiranthus cheiri,
Chenopodium capitatum, Chloris gayana, Cicer
arietinum, Citrullus lanatus, Citrus aurantifolia,
Citrus aurantium, Citrus limon, Citrus paradisi,
Citrus reticulata, Citrus sinensis, Clarkia
pulchella, Conium maculatum, Coriandrum sativum,
Coronopus didymus, Crambe abyssinica, Cucumis
sativus, Cucurbita moschata, Cucurbita pepo,
Dactylis glomerata, Datura bernhardii, Datura metel,
Datura stramonium, Daucus carota, Duchesnea
indica, Elytrigia intermedia, Erodium botrys,
Erodium cicutarium, Erodium moschatum, Eucalyptus,
Euphorbia peplus, Festuca pratensis, Ficus,
Fragaria chiloensis, Fragaria ovalis, Fragaria vesca,
Fragaria virginiana, Fragaria x ananassa, Gazania
rigens, Glycine max, Gomphrena globosa, Gossypium
barbadense, Gossypium hirsutum, Helianthus annuus,
Hibiscus cannabinus, Hordeum vulgare, Lactuca sativa,
Lactuca serriola, Lamium amplexicaule, Lathyrus
odoratus, Lens culinaris, Lolium multiflorum,
Lolium perenne, Lolium temulentum, Lupinus albus,
Lupinus angustifolius, Lupinus cosentinii, Lycopersicon
esculentum, Lycopersicon pimpinellifolium, Malva
parviflora, Matthiola incana, Medicago hispida,
Medicago polymorpha, Medicago sativa, Montia
perfoliata, Morus alba, Nicandra physalodes,
Nicotiana bigelovii, Nicotiana clevelandii, Nicotiana
glutinosa, Nicotiana rustica, Nicotiana sylvestris,
Nicotiana tabacum, Oryza sativa, Panicum
dichotomiflorum, Papaver rhoeas, Paspalum dilatatum,
Pastinaca sativa, Petroselinum crispum, Petunia x
hybrida, Phalaris arundinacea, Phaseolus vulgaris,
Phleum pratense, Phlox drummondii, Physalis
floridana, Physalis peruviana, Pisum sativum, Poa
annua, Poa pratensis, Poa trivialis, Prunus
domestica, Psophocarpus tetragonolobus, Raphanus
sativus, Rosa, Rubus albescens, Rubus
fruticosus, Rubus henryi, Rubus idaeus, Rubus
occidentalis, Rubus phoenicolasius, Rubus x neglectus,
Sanguisorba minor, Secale cereale, Senecio
vulgaris, Setaria italica, Sida micrantha, Sida
rhombifolia, Sinapis alba, Sinapis arvensis,
Solanum nigrum, Solanum nodiflorum, Solanum
tuberosum, Solanum tuberosum ssp. andigena, Solanum
tuberosum ssp. tuberosum, Sonchus asper, Sonchus
oleraceus, Spinacia oleracea, Stellaria media,
Tetragonia tetragonioides, Trifolium dubium, Trifolium
hybridum, Trifolium incarnatum, Trifolium pratense,
Trifolium repens, Trifolium subterraneum, Triticum
aestivum, Triticum durum, Tropaeolum majus,
Ulmus, Vernonia, Viburnum, Vicia
articulata, Vicia faba, Vicia sativa, Vigna
radiata, Vigna sesquipedalis, Vigna unguiculata,
Vigna unguiculata ssp. sesquipedalis , Viola cornuta,
Vitis vinifera, Zea mays, Zinnia elegans.
Experimentally infected insusceptible Hosts: Families
containing insusceptible hosts: Amaranthaceae,
Caryophyllaceae, or
Chenopodiaceae,
Compositae,
Cruciferae,
Cucurbitaceae,
Gramineae, or
Leguminosae-Papilionoideae,
Linaceae,
Pedaliaceae,
Rosaceae, or
Solanaceae,
Tetragoniaceae,
Umbelliferae. Species inoculated with virus
that do not show signs of susceptibility: Agrostis alba, Amaranthus
caudatus, Amaranthus retroflexus, Anthriscus cerefolium,
Apium graveolens, Arachis hypogaea, Astragalus
sinicus, Atriplex hortensis, Beta vulgaris,
Brassica campestris, Brassica campestris ssp. chinensis,
Brassica campestris ssp. napus, Brassica campestris
ssp. pekinensis, Brassica campestris ssp. rapa,
Brassica juncea, Brassica oleracea var. botrytis,
Brassica oleracea var. capitata, Bromus inermis,
Capsella bursa-pastoris, Capsicum annuum, Celosia
argentea, Celosia cristata, Chenopodium album,
Chenopodium amaranticolor, Chenopodium ambrosioides,
Chenopodium capitatum, Chenopodium foetidum, Chenopodium
foliosum, Chenopodium hybridum, Chenopodium murale,
Chenopodium quinoa, Chrysanthemum morifolium, Cicer
arietinum, Citrullus vulgaris, Coriandrum sativum,
Cucumis melo, Cucumis sativus, Cucurbita moschata,
Cucurbita pepo, Dactylis glomerata, Datura metel,
Datura stramonium, Daucus carota, Elytrigia
intermedia, Emilia sagittata, Festuca pratensis,
Foeniculum vulgare, Fragaria vesca, Geum chiloense,
Glycine max, Gomphrena globosa, Hyoscyamus niger,
Lablab purpureus, Lactuca sativa, Lathyrus
odoratus, Lens culinaris, Lepidium campestre,
Linum usitatissimum, Lolium perenne, Lotus
corniculatus, Lupinus albus, Lycopersicon esculentum,
Medicago sativa, Melandrium album, Melilotus albus,
Nicotiana clevelandii, Nicotiana glutinosa, Nicotiana
rustica, Nicotiana sylvestris, Nicotiana tabacum,
Petroselinum crispum, Petunia x hybrida, Phaseolus
vulgaris, Phleum pratense, Physalis floridana,
Pisum sativum, Poa trivialis, Prunus persica,
Raphanus sativus, Senecio vulgaris, Sesamum indicum,
Solanum melongena, Solanum nigrum, Solanum
tuberosum, Sonchus oleraceus, Stellaria media,
Tetragonia tetragonioides, Trifolium hybridum, Trifolium
incarnatum, Trifolium pratense, Trifolium repens,
Trifolium subterraneum, Verbesina encelioides, Vicia
faba, Vicia villosa, Vigna angularis, Vigna
radiata, Vigna unguiculata, Vigna unguiculata ssp.
sesquipedalis , Vigna unguiculata ssp. unguiculata,
Zinnia elegans.
Histopathology: Virions are found in the cytoplasm, or nucleus,
or cell vacuole.
Cytopathology: Inclusions are present in infected cells, or not
present in infected cells. Inclusion bodies in the host cell are found in the
cytoplasm. Cytoplasmic inclusions are crystals, or amorphous X-bodies, or
membranous bodies. Inclusions contain mature virions.
The virus is probably distributed worldwide. The virus
spreads in Africa, or East Asia, or Eurasia, or the Mediterranean, or North
America, or Australasia and Pacific Islands. The virus occurs in Australia, or
Belgium, or Brazil, or Canada, or China, or Ethiopia, or Germany, or Indonesia,
or Iran, or Japan, or Lebanon, or Malawi, or New Zealand (Aotearoa), or
Pakistan, or South Africa, or Sudan, or Syria, or Thailand, or Tunisia, or
Turkey, or the United Kingdom, or the United States of America, or Zimbabwe.
Type species 00.039.0.01.001.
Barley yellow dwarf virus .
List of Species in the
Genus.
Tentative Species in the
Genus.
Data Sources and
Contributions
The
following generic references are cited in the most recent ICTV Report.
PubMed References.
A description of the virus is found
in DPV, a database for plant viruses developed by the Association of Applied
Biologists (AAB), with the number
339.
Taxon images: • EM from IACR Rothamsted.
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