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00.029.0.03. Begomovirus

Cite this publication as: ICTVdB Management (2006). 00.029.0.03. Begomovirus. In: ICTVdB - The Universal Virus Database, version 4. Büchen-Osmond, C. (Ed), Columbia University, New York, USA

Cite this site as: ICTVdB - The Universal Virus Database, version 4. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/ICTVdb/ICTVdB/

Table of Contents

Classification

This is a description of a plant virus at the genus level with data on all virus properties from morphology to genome, replication, antigenicity and biological properties.

ICTVdB Virus Code: 00.029.0.03. Virus accession number: 029003GE. Obsolete virus code: 29.0.3.; superceded accession number: 29030000.
NCBI Taxon Identifier NCBI Taxonomy ID: 10814.

Name, Synonyms and Lineage

Synonym(s): Subgroup III geminivirus, Bean golden mosaic virus group; bigeminiviruses (VIDE). Virus is of the family 00.029. Geminiviridae.

Virion Properties

Morphology

Virions consist of a capsid. Virus capsid is not enveloped. Capsid is elongated and exhibits icosahedral symmetry. The capsid is geminate, or prolate in shape and has a diameter of 15-20 nm. Capsids appear round, or hexagonal in outline. The capsomer arrangement is clearly visible, or is not obvious. The capsid consists of 22 capsomers. With a length of 25-30 nm.






















Electron micrograph of Geminiviridae by R.G. Milne, Istituto di Virologia, CRN, Torino, Italy.

Electron microscopic preparation and references: Virus preparation contains few virions, or many virions.

Physicochemical and Physical Properties

Virions have a buoyant density in CsCl of 1.35 g cm-3. There are 1 sedimenting component(s) found in purified preparations, or 2 sedimenting component(s) found in purified preparations, or 3 sedimenting component(s) found in purified preparations. The sedimentation coefficient is 69-78.6-90 S20w; of the other(s) are 50-56.66-70 S20w. Isoelectric point pH is 7. A260/A280 ratio is 1.36-1.376-1.4. The thermal inactivation point (TIP) is at 40-50.16-60°C. The longevity in vitro (LIV) is 0.01-14.27-72 days. Although the titer is dependent on the host, the decimal exponent (DEX) of the dilution end point is usually around 1, or 2-3, or 4. The infectivity is not changed by treatment with ether; retained when deproteinized with proteases, or decreased when deproteinized with proteases; retained when deproteinized with phenol or detergent.

Nucleic Acid

The Mr of the genome constitutes 18-20-22% of the virion by weight. The genome is segmented and consists of two segments of similar, circular, ambisense, single-stranded DNA ; that forms a closed circle. Minor species of non-genomic nucleic acid are also found in virions, or not found in virions. The complete genome is 5096-5286-5570 nucleotides long. The DNA-1 is sequenced, but only an estimate is available, complete sequence is 2588-2678-2870 nucleotides long. DNA-B is sequenced, but only an estimate is available, complete sequence is 2508-2627-2724 nucleotides long. The genome has a base ratio of 21-22.31-23.5 % guanine; 26-27.76-29 % adenine; 18.3-18.71-19.8 % cytosine; 30.2-31.2-32.6 % thymidine. The multipartite genome is divided among different particles, each segment encapsidated separately and the segments are distributed between 2 different types of particles.

GenBank records for nucleotide sequences; complete genome sequences.

Proteins

Proteins constitute about 78-80-82% of the particle weight.

The viral genome encodes structural proteins and non-structural proteins. Virions consist of 1 structural protein(s), or 2 structural protein(s).

Non-Structural Proteins: Virus-coded non-structural proteins have been identified by sequence analysis and 5 non-structural protein(s) are found.

Lipids

Lipids are not reported.

Genome Organization and Replication

By itself, genomic nucleic acid is infectious (both DNAs required for full systemic infection).

Transcription: Sub-genomic RNA is present in infected cells.

Translation: The genome replicates in the nucleus.

Biological Properties

Natural Host

Domain
Viral hosts belong to the Domain Eucarya.

Domain Eucarya
Kingdom Plantae.

Kingdom Plantae
Phylum Magnoliophyta (Angiosperms, Class Magnoliopsida (Dicotyledonae).

Severity and Occurrence of Disease

Host: Signs and symptoms persist, or vary cyclically over a few weeks, or vary seasonally.

Transmission and Vector Relationships

Virus is transmitted by a vector. Virus is transmitted by mechanical inoculation, or not transmitted by mechanical inoculation; transmitted by grafting; not transmitted by contact between hosts; not transmitted by seeds; not transmitted by pollen.

Vector Transmission:
Virus is transmitted by arthropods, by insects of the order Hemiptera, family Aleyrodidae. Virus is transmitted in a non-persistent manner, or in a semi-persistent manner, or in a persistent manner; retained when the vector moults, or lost by the vector when it moults; does not replicate in the vector; not transmitted congenitally to the progeny of the vector; does not require a helper virus for vector transmission.

Experimental Hosts and Symptoms

Under experimental conditions susceptibility to infection by virus is found in many families, several families, few families. Susceptible host species are found in the Family Acanthaceae, Asclepiadaceae, Caprifoliaceae, Caricaceae, Chenopodiaceae, Compositae, Convolvulaceae, Cruciferae, Cucurbitaceae, Cyperaceae, Euphorbiaceae, Gramineae, Leguminosae-Caesalpinioideae, Leguminosae-Papilionoideae, Malvaceae, Oxalidaceae, Polygonaceae, Solanaceae, Tiliaceae, Urticaceae. The following species were susceptible to experimental virus infection: Abelmoschus esculentus, Abutilon, Ageratum conyzoides, Althaea, Althaea rosea, Arachis hypogaea, Asystasia nemorum, Beta vulgaris, Brachiaria ramosa, Cajanus cajan, Canavalia ensiformis, Capsicum annuum, Capsicum frutescens, Carica papaya, Cassia tora, Castanospermum, Castanospermum australe, Chenopodium amaranticolor, Citrullus colocynthis, Citrullus lanatus, Citrullus vulgaris, Clitoria ternatea, Corchorus, Corchorus fasicularis, Croton bonplandianus, Croton lobatus, Cucumis melo, Cucumis melo var. cantalupensis, Cucumis sativus, Cucurbita maxima, Cucurbita moschata, Cucurbita pepo, Cyamopsis tetragonoloba, Cynanchum acutum, Datura ferox, Datura metel, Datura stramonium, Datura tatula, Eclipta prostrata, Emilia sonchifolia, Euphorbia heterophylla, Fagopyrum esculentum, Glycine, Glycine max, Gossypium, Gossypium barbadense, Gossypium hirsutum, Hewittia sublobata, Hibiscus, Hibiscus cannabinus, Hibiscus sabdariffa, Hyoscyamus desertorum, Indigofera hirsuta, Jacquemontia tamnifolia, Jatropha gossypiifolia, Jatropha multifida, Jatropha podagrica, Lablab purpureus, Laportea aestuans, Lens culinaris, Lonicera japonica, Lupinus hartwegii, Lycopersicon chilense, Lycopersicon esculentum (16/39), Lycopersicon hirsutum, Lycopersicon peruvianum, Lycopersicon pimpinellifolium, Macroptilium lathyroides, Macrotyloma uniflorum, Malva, Malva nicaensis, Malva parviflora, Malva sylvestris, Malvastrum coromandelianum, Manihot esculenta, Manihot glaziovii, Momordica balsamina, Nicandra physalodes, Nicotiana, Nicotiana benthamiana, Nicotiana bigelovii, Nicotiana clevelandii, Nicotiana debneyi, Nicotiana glutinosa, Nicotiana hybrida, Nicotiana megalosiphon, Nicotiana occidentalis, Nicotiana rustica, Nicotiana sylvestris, Nicotiana tabacum, Nicotiana x edwardsonii, Oxalis barrelieri, Pachyrhizus erosus, Petunia x hybrida, Phaseolus, Phaseolus acutifolius, Phaseolus coccineus, Phaseolus longipedunculatus, Phaseolus lunatus, Phaseolus vulgaris (17/39), Phyllanthus debilis, Physalis floridana, Physalis ixocarpa, Physalis peruviana, Raphanus sativus, Rhynchosia minima, Sida, Sida alba, Sida micrantha, Sida rhombifolia, Solanum basendopogon, Solanum basendopogon f. obtusum, Solanum melongena, Solanum nigrum, Solanum pennellii, Solanum tuberosum, Solanum tuberosum ssp. tuberosum, Sonchus oleraceus, Spinacia oleracea, Synedrella nodiflora, Urena lobata, Vicia, Vigna aconitifolia, Vigna angularis, Vigna mungo, Vigna radiata, Vigna unguiculata, Vigna unguiculata ssp. dekindtiana var. dekindtiana , Vigna unguiculata ssp. sesquipedalis , Xanthium strumarium, Zinnia elegans.

Experimentally infected insusceptible Hosts: Families containing insusceptible hosts: Amaranthaceae, Apocynaceae, or Asclepiadaceae, Capparidaceae, Caprifoliaceae, Caricaceae, or Chenopodiaceae, Cleomaceae, Compositae (12/27), or Convolvulaceae, or Cruciferae, Cucurbitaceae, Cyperaceae, Euphorbiaceae, Gramineae, or Leguminosae-Caesalpinioideae, Leguminosae-Mimosoideae, or Leguminosae-Papilionoideae, Malvaceae, Pedaliaceae, Plumbaginaceae, or Polygonaceae, Portulacaceae, Resedaceae, Solanaceae, Tamaricaceae, Tetragoniaceae, Umbelliferae, Zygophyllaceae. Species inoculated with virus that do not show signs of susceptibility: Abelmoschus esculentus, Ageratum conyzoides, Althaea rosea, Amaranthus retroflexus, Arachis hypogaea, Atriplex, Atriplex hortensis, Beta macrocarpa, Beta vulgaris, Brassica campestris ssp. chinensis, Brassica campestris ssp. napus, Brassica campestris ssp. rapa, Brassica oleracea, Brassica oleracea var. botrytis, Brassica oleracea var. capitata, Cajanus cajan, Calotropis aegyptia, Capparis aegyptia, Capsella bursa-pastoris, Capsicum annuum, Capsicum frutescens, Carica papaya, Carthamus tinctorius, Cassia obtusifolia, Cassia tora, Catharanthus roseus, Chenopodium album, Chenopodium amaranticolor, Chenopodium capitatum, Chenopodium murale, Chenopodium quinoa, Cicer arietinum, Cichorium endiva, Citrullus lanatus, Citrullus vulgaris, Cleome rutidosperma, Coccinea grandis, Croton bonplandianus, Cucumis melo, Cucumis sativus (12/27), Cucurbita maxima, Cucurbita moschata, Cucurbita pepo, Cyamopsis tetragonoloba, Dahlia pinnata, Datura metel, Datura stramonium, Daucus carota, Eclipta prostrata, Euphorbia heterophylla, Glycine max, Gomphrena globosa, Gossypium hirsutum, Helianthus annuus, Hibiscus cannabinus, Hibiscus rosa-sinensis, Ipomoea setosa, Lablab purpureus, Lactuca sativa, Lavatera cretica, Lens culinaris, Lonicera, Lupinus albus, Lycium, Lycopersicon esculentum, Lycopersicon pimpinellifolium, Macroptilium lathyroides, Macrotyloma uniflorum, Malva parviflora, Medicago sativa, Momordica balsamina, Nerium oleander, Nicandra physalodes, Nicotiana clevelandii, Nicotiana debneyi, Nicotiana glutinosa, Nicotiana megalosiphon, Nicotiana rustica, Nicotiana sylvestris, Nicotiana tabacum, Ochradenus baccatus, Petunia x hybrida, Phaseolus acutifolius, Phaseolus lunatus, Phaseolus vulgaris, Physalis floridana, Physalis minima, Physalis peruviana, Pisum sativum, Plumbago capensis, Polygonum equisetiforme, Portulaca oleracea, Prosopis farcta, Raphanus sativus, Rhynchosia minima, Ricinus communis, Rumex acetosa, Sesamum indicum, Sida rhombifolia, Solanum incanum, Solanum melongena, Solanum nigrum, Solanum nodiflorum, Solanum tuberosum, Solanum villosum, Sonchus oleraceus, Spinacia oleracea, Tamarix, Tetragonia tetragonioides, Tribulus, Trifolium pratense, Trifolium repens, Trifolium subterraneum, Vicia faba, Vigna radiata, Vigna unguiculata, Vigna unguiculata ssp. cylindrica, Vigna unguiculata ssp. sesquipedalis , Withania somnifera, Xanthium strumarium, Zea mays, Zinnia elegans.

Histopathology: Virions are found in the cytoplasm, or nucleus, or nucleolus, or chloroplast, or cell vacuole.

Cytopathology: Inclusions are present in infected cells, or not present in infected cells. Inclusion bodies in the host cell are found in the nucleus. Cytoplasmic inclusions are amorphous X-bodies, or viroplasma. Inclusions contain mature virions, or do not contain mature virions.

Geographical Distribution

The virus is probably distributed worldwide. The virus spreads in Africa, or the Middle East, or North America, or South and Central Americas. The virus occurs in Angola, or Argentina, or Australia, or Bangladesh, or Brazil, or Chad, or China, or Cote d'Ivoire, or Cyprus, or the Dominican Republic, or Guatemala, or India, or Iraq, or Israel, or Jamaica, or Jordan, or Kenya, or Lebanon, or Mexico, or Mozambique, or Niger, or Nigeria, or Pakistan, or Peru, or the Philippines, or Puerto Rico, or Saudi Arabia, or Senegal, or the Seychelles, or Singapore, or Sri Lanka, or Sudan, or Tanzania, or Thailand, or Tunisia, or Turkey, or the United States of America, or Venezuela, or Yemen.

Taxonomic Structure of the Genus

Type species 00.029.0.03.001. Bean golden mosaic virus -Puerto Rico .

Species in the Genus

List of Species in the Genus.

Tentative Species in the Genus

Tentative Species in the Genus.

Data Sources and Contributions

The description has been compiled from data in the ICTV Report presented by Briddon RW, Markham PG.

References

The following generic references are cited in the most recent ICTV Report.

PubMed References.

Images

Taxon images: • EM by Robert G. Milne.



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ICTVdB - The Universal Virus Database, developed for the International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses (ICTV) by Dr Cornelia Büchen-Osmond, is written in DELTA. The virus descriptions in ICTVdB are coded by ICTV members and experts, or by the ICTVdB Management using data provided by the experts, the literature or the latest ICTV Report. The character list is the underlying code. All virus descriptions are based on the character list and natural language translations from the encoded descriptions are automatically generated and formatted for display on the Web.

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