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00.015.0.04.001. Rice tungro bacilliform virus

Cite this publication as: ICTVdB Management (2006). 00.015.0.04.001. Rice tungro bacilliform virus. In: ICTVdB - The Universal Virus Database, version 4. Büchen-Osmond, C. (Ed), Columbia University, New York, USA

Cite this site as: ICTVdB - The Universal Virus Database, version 4. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/ICTVdb/ICTVdB/

Table of Contents

Isolate Description

Location: Indonesia.

Host of Isolate and Habitat Details
Source of isolate: Oryza sativa.

Natural host and symptoms
Oryza sativa — leaves yellow-orange, stunting.

Reference to Isolation Report
Rivera and Ou (1965).

Classification

This is a description of a plant virus at the species level with data on all virus properties from morphology to genome, replication, antigenicity and biological properties.

ICTVdB Virus Code: 00.015.0.04.001. Virus accession number: 15004001. Obsolete virus code: 07.0.1.0.009; superceded accession number: 07010009.
NCBI Taxon Identifier NCBI Taxonomy ID: 10654.

Name, Synonyms and Lineage

Synonym(s): rice yellow orange leaf virus. ICTV approved acronym: RTBV. Virus is the type species of the genus Tungrovirus; family 00.015. Caulimoviridae.

Virion Properties

Morphology

Virions consist of a capsid. Virus capsid is not enveloped. Capsid is elongated and exhibits icosahedral symmetry. The capsid is bacilliform. The capsid shells of virions are composed of multiple layers. With a length of 110-400 nm and a width of 30-35 nm.

Electron microscopic preparation and references: Virus preparation contains few virions. Use PTA or UA, fixation not required. Reference for electron microscopic methods: Omura et al. (1983, Cabauatan and Hibino (1988).

Physicochemical and Physical Properties

Virions have a buoyant density in CsCl of 1.31 g cm-3. There are 1 sedimenting component(s) found in purified preparations.

Nucleic Acid

The genome is not segmented and contains a single molecule of circular. The genome is -RT. The genome is double-stranded DNA that forms an open circle. The complete genome is 8002 nucleotides long (in mealy bug transmitted viruses), is fully sequenced, complete sequence is 8002 nucleotides long. Sequence has the accession number
[D10774] Em(40)_vi:RTBWG Gb(84)_vi:RTBWG Rice tungro bacilliform virus whole genome. 9/92 8,002bp.
[M65026] Em(40)_vi:LERTUORFS Gb(84)_vi:RTUORFS Rice tungro bacilliform open reading frames 1, 2, 3, and 4 genomic RNA. 12/92 8,000bp.
[M95497] Em(40)_vi:LERTUPOLY Gb(84)_vi:RTUPOLYP Rice tungro virus polyprotein gene, complete cds. 1/93 12,484bp.
[X57924] Em(40)_vi:RTBVPHIL Gb(84)_vi:RTBVPHIL Rice tungro bacilliform virus (infectious clone) ORF's P24, P12, P194 & P46. 6/91 8,002bp. 4 sequences.

The genome has a guanine + cytosine content of 33.7 %. The genome has terminally redundant sequences. The terminally redundant sequences have direct terminal repeats; are reiterated internally in inverted form. Reference to nucleotide sequence Hibino et al. (1991).

GenBank records for nucleotide sequences; complete genome sequences.

Proteins

The viral genome encodes structural proteins and non-structural proteins. Virions consist of 1 structural protein(s).

Non-Structural Proteins: The virus codes for an RNA-dependent DNA polymerase.

Lipids

Lipids are not reported.

Transcription: The virus codes for 4 ORF(s).

Translation: Replication involves a reverse transcription step.

Diagnostics and Reference Collections

The best tests for diagnosis are ELISA or latex serology, transmission test using Nephotettix virescens, symptomatology.

Biological Properties

Natural Host

Domain
Viral hosts belong to the Domain Eucarya.

Domain Eucarya
Kingdom Plantae.

Kingdom Plantae
Phylum Magnoliophyta (Angiosperms, Class Liliopsida (Monocotyledonae).

Severity and Occurrence of Disease

Host: Signs and symptoms persist.

Transmission and Vector Relationships

Virus is transmitted by a vector. Virus is not transmitted by mechanical inoculation; not transmitted by contact between hosts; not transmitted by seeds; not transmitted by pollen.

Vector Transmission:
Virus is transmitted by arthropods, by insects of the order Hemiptera, family Cicadellidae; especially Nephotettix virescens, but also N. nigropictus, N. cincticeps, N. malayanus, N. parvus, Recilia dorsalis. Virus is transmitted in a semi-persistent manner; lost by the vector when it moults; does not replicate in the vector; not transmitted congenitally to the progeny of the vector; requires, for vector transmission, a helper virus (rice tungro spherical Waikavirus).

Experimental Hosts and Symptoms

Under experimental conditions susceptibility to infection by virus is found in few families. Susceptible host species are found in the Family Cyperaceae, Gramineae, Pontederiaceae. The following species were susceptible to experimental virus infection: Cyperus rotundus, Eleusine indica, Fimbristylis miliacea, Leersia hexandra, Monochoria vaginalis, Oryza australiensis, Oryza barthii, Oryza glaberrima, Oryza latifolia, Oryza longistaminata, Oryza nivara, Oryza perennis, Oryza sativa.

Diagnostic Hosts

Diagnostic host species and symptoms:

Oryza sativa — leaves yellow-orange, stunting.

Maintenance and Propagation Hosts

Most commonly used maintenance and propagation host species are Oryza sativa.

Assay Hosts

Host: Assay hosts (for Local lesions or Whole plants):
Oryza sativa (W), Oryza australiensis (W), Oryza longistaminata (W), Oryza barthii (W), Oryza latifolia (W), Oryza nivara (W), Oryza glaberrima (W), Oryza perennis (W), Eleusine indica (W), Cyperus rotundus (W), Fimbristylis miliacea (W), Leersia hexandra (W), Monochoria vaginalis (W).

References to host data: Anjaneyulu et al. (1988).

Histopathology: Virus can be best detected in leaves, roots, vascular parenchyma and phloem. Virions are found in the cytoplasm.

Cytopathology: Inclusions are not present in infected cells. Other cellular changes include starch accumulation.

Geographical Distribution

The virus spreads in East Asia. The virus occurs in China.

Ecology, Epidemiology and Control

Studies reported by Cabunagan et al. (1987, Hibino et al. (1987, Hibino et al. (1988, Tiongco et al. (1988, Khan et al. (1991).

Comments

Rice "tungro" disease is caused by a complex of rice tungro badnavirus and rice tungro spherical Waikavirus; the badnavirus depends on the Waikavirus for its transmission by leafhoppers, and causes the tungro symptoms, whereas the Waikavirus alone causes mild stunting and enhances the tungro symptoms.

References

Anjaneyulu, A, Daquioag, R.D., Mesina, M. E., Hibino, H., Lubigan, R.T. and Moody, K. (1988). Int. Rice Res. Newsl. 13: 30.

Bajet, N.B., Daquioag, R.D. and Hibino, H. (1985). J. Pl. Prot. Tropics 2: 125.

Bao, Y. and Hull, R. (1992). J. gen. Virol. 73: 1297.

Cabauatan, P.Q. and Hibino, H. (1985). Philipp. Phytopathol. 21: 103.

Cabauatan, L.Q. and Hibino, H. (1988). Plant Dis. 72: 525.

Cabunagan, RC, Flores, Z.M., Hibino, H., Elazegui, F. and Mew, TW (1987). Int. Rice Res. Newsl. 12: 25.

Favali, MA, Pellegrini, S. and Bassi, M. (1975). Virology 66: 793.

Hay, M., Jones, M.C., Blakebrough, M.L., Dasgupta, I., Davies, J.W. and Hull, R. (1991). Nucl. Acids Res. 19: 2615.

Hibino, H., Roechan, M. and Sudarisman, S. (1978). Phytopathology 68: 1412.

Hibino, H., Saleh, N. and Roechan, M. (1979). Phytopathology 69: 1266.

Hibino, H. (1983). Plant Dis. 17: 774.

Hibino, H. (1983). Ann. Phytopath. Soc. Japan 49: 545.

Hibino, H. and Cabauatan, P.Q. (1986). Phytopathology 77: 473.

Hibino, H. and Cabunagan, RC (1986). Tropical Agric. Res. Series 19: 173.

Hibino, H., Ishikawa, K., Omura, T., Cabauatan, P.Q. and Koganezawa, H. (1991). Phytopathology 81: 1130.

Hibino, H., Tiongco, ER, Cabunagan, RC and Flores, Z.M. (1987). Phytopathology 77: 871.

Khan, MA, Hibino, H., Aguiero, V.M., Daquioag, R.D. and Opina, O.S. (1919). Plant Dis. 75: 926.

Ling, KC (1966). Phytopathology 60: 795.

Omura, T., Saito, Y., Usugi, T. and Hibino, H. (1982). Ann. Phytopath. Soc. Japan 49: 73.

Omura, T., Hibino, H. and Usugi, T. (1984). Plant Dis. 68: 374.

Qu, R., Bhattacharya, M., Laco, G.S., Subba Rao, B.L., Kaniewska, M.B., Elmer, J.S., Rochester, D.E., Smith, C.E. and Beachy, R.N. (1991). Virology 185: 354.

Rivera, C.T. and Ou, S.H. (1965). Pl. Dis. Reptr 49: 127.

Saito, Y. (1977). Tropical Agric. Res. Series 10: 129.

Saito, Y., Roechan, M., Tantera, DM and Iwaki, M. (1975). Phytopathology 65: 793.

Tiongco, ER, Cabunagan, RC, Flores, Z.M. and Hibino, H. (1988). Int. Rice Res. Newsl. 13: 10.

The following generic references are cited in the most recent ICTV Report.

PubMed References.

VIDEdB, the plant virus database developed at the Australian National University by Adrian J. Gibbs and collaborators, contains an earlier description with the number 695 by H. Hibino, 1987. Updated by A.A. Brunt, 1991.

Taxonomic Proposals and Changes

A taxonomic proposal has been submitted to the ICTV by the Plant Virus Subcommittee, Study Group for Caulimoviridae at the meeting in Strasburg, April 1997. The proposal has been approved at the meeting of the Executive Committee in Strasburg, 1997, the taxon has been removed from the Species (Badnavirus).



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DELTA - DEscription Language for TAxonomy developed by Dr Mike Dallwitz, Toni Paine and Eric Zurcher, CSIRO Entomology, Canberra, Australia. ICTVdB - The Universal Virus Database, developed for the International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses by Dr Cornelia Büchen-Osmond is written in DELTA. The virus descriptions in ICTVdB are coded by, or using data from experts in the field of virology or members ICTV. The character list is the underlying code. All virus descriptions are based on the character list and natural language translations are automatically generated and formatted for display on the Web from the descriptions in DELTA-format. The description has been generated automatically from DELTA files. DELTA - DEscription Language for TAxonomy developed by Dr Mike Dallwitz, Toni Paine and Eric Zurcher, CSIRO Entomology, Canberra, Australia.

ICTVdB - The Universal Virus Database, developed for the International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses (ICTV) by Dr Cornelia Büchen-Osmond, is written in DELTA. The virus descriptions in ICTVdB are coded by ICTV members and experts, or by the ICTVdB Management using data provided by the experts, the literature or the latest ICTV Report. The character list is the underlying code. All virus descriptions are based on the character list and natural language translations from the encoded descriptions are automatically generated and formatted for display on the Web.

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