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00.010.0.05.001. Olive latent virus 2

Cite this publication as: ICTVdB Management (2006). 00.010.0.05.001. Olive latent virus 2. In: ICTVdB - The Universal Virus Database, version 4. Büchen-Osmond, C. (Ed), Columbia University, New York, USA

Cite this site as: ICTVdB - The Universal Virus Database, version 4. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/ICTVdb/ICTVdB/

Table of Contents

Isolate Description

Location: Apulia; Italy.

Host of Isolate and Habitat Details
Source of isolate: Olea europaea.

Natural host and symptoms
Olea ssp. — symptomless.

Reference to Isolation Report
Savino et al. (1984).

Classification

This is a description of a plant virus at the species level with data on all virus properties from morphology to genome, replication, antigenicity and biological properties.

ICTVdB Virus Code: 00.010.0.05.001. Virus accession number: 10050001. Obsolete virus code: 79.0.P.4.007; superceded accession number: 790p4007.
NCBI Taxon Identifier NCBI Taxonomy ID: 33773.

Name, Synonyms and Lineage

ICTV approved acronym: OLV-2. Virus is the type of the genus 00.010.0.05. Oleavirus in the family 00.010. Bromoviridae.

Virion Properties

Morphology

Virions consist of a capsid. Virus capsid is not enveloped. Capsid is round to elongated with polyhedral symmetry. The capsid is isometric to bacilliform. Virus preparations contain more than one particle component. The capsid has a length of 37, 43, 48, and 55 nm and a width of 26 nm.

Electron microscopic preparation and references: Virus preparation contains many virions. Reference for electron microscopic methods: homogenize infected tissues in phosphate buffer (0.07M, pH 7.0) with 0.01M EDTA and 0.1% Na-mercaptoacetate, filter and clarify with 1 vol of 1:1 chloroform-butanol then precipitate with 10% polyethylene glycol and 1% NaCl. Purify by differential and sucrose gradient centrifugation.

Physicochemical and Physical Properties

Virions have a buoyant density in CsCl of 1.36 g cm-3. There are 2 sedimenting component(s) found in purified preparations. The sedimentation coefficient is of the fastest 82 S20w; of the other(s) are 77 S20w. A260/A280 ratio is 1.58. The thermal inactivation point (TIP) is at 60°C. The longevity in vitro (LIV) is more than 7 days. Although the titer is dependent on the host, the decimal exponent (DEX) of the dilution end point is usually around 6.

Nucleic Acid

The Mr of the genome constitutes c. 19% of the virion by weight. The genome is segmented; tripartite, segements are distribute among 3 particle types of different size; consists of four segments of linear positive-sense, single-stranded RNA. Minor species of non-genomic nucleic acid are also found in virions. The encapsidated nucleic acid is mainly of genomic origin, but virions may also contain subgenomic RNA, that is mRNA derived from genomic RNA-3. The complete genome is 8301 nucleotides long. The RNA-1 is fully sequenced, complete sequence is 3300 nucleotides long. Sequence has the accession number

[X76993] Em(40)_vi:OLV212 Gb(84)_vi:OLV212 Olive latent virus 2 genomic RNA-3. 2/94 2,438bp.
[X77115] Em(40)_vi:OLV2RNA4 Gb(84)_vi:OLV2RNA4 Olive latent virus 2 genomic RNA-4. 2/94 2,078bp. 2 sequences.

RNA-2 is sequenced, but only an estimate is available, complete sequence is 2800 nucleotides long. RNA-3 is sequenced, complete sequence is 2450 nucleotides long. RNA-4 is subgenomic has been sequenced, but only an estimate is provided, complete sequence is 2100 nucleotides long. Subgenomic RNA-4 is apparently not an mRNA. The genome has a guanine + cytosine content of 48.2 %. The multipartite genome is divided among more than one type of particle and the segments are distributed between 3 different types of particles. The largest particles contain each one molecule of RNA-1 (sedimenting component B). The medium sized particles contain each one molecule of RNA-2 (sedimenting component M). The smallest particles contain one molecule each of RNA-3 and RNA-4 (sedimenting component T).

GenBank records for nucleotide sequences; complete genome sequences.

Proteins

Proteins constitute about 81% of the particle weight.

The viral genome encodes structural proteins and non-structural proteins. Virions consist of 1 structural protein(s) located in the capsid.

Structural Proteins: Capsid protein is involved in viral encapsidation and involved in protein movement.

Lipids

Lipids are absent.

Biological Properties

Natural Host

Domain
Viral hosts belong to the Domain Eucarya.

Domain Eucarya
Kingdom Plantae.

Kingdom Plantae
Phylum Magnoliophyta (Angiosperms, Class Magnoliopsida (Dicotyledonae).

Class Magnoliopsida (Dicotyledonae)
Subclass ROSIDAE; Order Scrophulariales Family Olealceae.

Transmission and Vector Relationships

Virus is transmitted by mechanical inoculation.

Experimental Hosts and Symptoms

Under experimental conditions susceptibility to infection by virus is found in several families. Susceptible host species are found in the Family Amaranthaceae, Chenopodiaceae, Leguminosae-Papilionoideae, Oleaceae, Solanaceae. The following species were susceptible to experimental virus infection: Chenopodium quinoa, Gomphrena globosa, Nicotiana benthamiana, Nicotiana clevelandii, Nicotiana debneyi, Nicotiana megalosiphon, Nicotiana tabacum, Olea europaea, Petunia x hybrida, Vigna radiata.

Experimentally infected insusceptible Hosts: Families containing insusceptible hosts: Cucurbitaceae, Labiatae, Solanaceae. Species inoculated with virus that do not show signs of susceptibility: Cucumis sativus, Cucurbita maxima, Cucurbita pepo, Datura stramonium, Nicotiana glutinosa, Nicotiana rustica, Ocimum basilicum.

Diagnostic Hosts

Diagnostic host species and symptoms:

Gomphrena globosa — reddish necrotic local lesions then symptomless systemic infection.

Chenopodium quinoa — chlorotic and necrotic local lesions.

Nicotiana megalosiphon, N. benthamiana — mild mottling.

Petunia x hybrida, Nicotiana clevelandii, N. debneyi, N. tabacum, Vigna radiata — symptomless.

Diagnostic host: insusceptible host species Nicotiana glutinosa, N. rustica, Ocimum basilicum, Datura stramonium, Cucumis sativus, Cucurbita pepo.

Maintenance and Propagation Hosts

Most commonly used maintenance and propagation host species are Gomphrena globosa, Nicotiana benthamiana.

Histopathology: Virus can be best detected in leaves and mesophyll. Virions are found in the cytoplasm.

Cytopathology: Inclusions are not present in infected cells. Other cellular changes include major cell organelles, except for nuclei, are affected, there are more cytoplasmic membranes and tonoplast-associated membranous vesicles.

Geographical Distribution

The virus is found, but with no evidence of proliferation, in Apulia, southern Italy.

References

Castellano, MA, Di Franco, A and Martelli, G.P. (1987). J. Submicrosc. Cytol. 19: 495.

Grieco, F., Martelli, G.P., Savino, V. and Piazzolla, P. (1992). Riv. PAT Veg.,S.V. 2: 125.

Savino, V., Piazzolla, P., Di Franco, A and Martelli, G.P. (1984). 5th Congr. Un. Phytopath. Medit. Cairo, Egypt.

The following generic references are cited in the most recent ICTV Report.

PubMed References.

VIDEdB, the plant virus database developed at the Australian National University by Adrian J. Gibbs and collaborators, contains an earlier description with the number 536 by M. Castellano, 1991.

A description of the virus is found in DPV, a database for plant viruses developed by the Association of Applied Biologists (AAB), with the number 384.



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DELTA - DEscription Language for TAxonomy developed by Dr Mike Dallwitz, Toni Paine and Eric Zurcher, CSIRO Entomology, Canberra, Australia. ICTVdB - The Universal Virus Database, developed for the International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses by Dr Cornelia Büchen-Osmond is written in DELTA. The virus descriptions in ICTVdB are coded by, or using data from experts in the field of virology or members ICTV. The character list is the underlying code. All virus descriptions are based on the character list and natural language translations are automatically generated and formatted for display on the Web from the descriptions in DELTA-format. The description has been generated automatically from DELTA files. DELTA - DEscription Language for TAxonomy developed by Dr Mike Dallwitz, Toni Paine and Eric Zurcher, CSIRO Entomology, Canberra, Australia.

ICTVdB - The Universal Virus Database, developed for the International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses (ICTV) by Dr Cornelia Büchen-Osmond, is written in DELTA. The virus descriptions in ICTVdB are coded by ICTV members and experts, or by the ICTVdB Management using data provided by the experts, the literature or the latest ICTV Report. The character list is the underlying code. All virus descriptions are based on the character list and natural language translations from the encoded descriptions are automatically generated and formatted for display on the Web.

Developer of the DELTA software: M. J. Dallwitz, T. Paine and E. Zurcher

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Last updated on 25 April 2006 by Cornelia Büchen-Osmond
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