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00.010.0.04. Cucumovirus
Cite this publication as: ICTVdB Management (2006).
00.010.0.04. Cucumovirus. In: ICTVdB - The Universal Virus Database,
version 4. Büchen-Osmond, C. (Ed), Columbia University, New York, USA
Cite this site as: ICTVdB - The Universal Virus Database, version 4.
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/ICTVdb/ICTVdB/
This is a description of a
plant virus at the genus level with data
on all virus properties from morphology to genome, replication, antigenicity and
biological properties.
ICTVdB Virus Code: 00.010.0.04. Virus accession number:
010004GE. Obsolete virus code: 10.0.4.; superceded accession number: 10040000.
NCBI Taxon Identifier NCBI Taxonomy ID:
12304.
Name, Synonyms and Lineage
Synonym(s): Cucumber
mosaic virus group. Virus is of the family
00.010.
Bromoviridae.
Virions consist of a capsid. Virus capsid is not
enveloped, round with icosahedral
symmetry. The isometric capsid has a diameter of
29-29.33-30 nm. Capsids appear round, or hexagonal in outline. The
capsomer arrangement is clearly visible, or is not obvious. The capsid consists
of 32 capsomers. Virus preparations contain more than one particle component.
Capsids all have the same appearance.
Electron micrograph of Cucumber mosaic virus,
Bromoviridae, by R.G. Milne, Istituto di Virologia, CRN, Torino, Italy.
Electron microscopic preparation and references: Virus preparation
contains few virions, or many virions.
Virions have a buoyant density in CsCl of
1.357-1.365-1.367 g cm-3. There are 1 sedimenting
component(s) found in purified preparations, or 4 sedimenting component(s) found
in purified preparations. The sedimentation coefficient is
98-116.6-152 S20w; of the other(s) are
37-86-135 S20w. Isoelectric point pH is
5.5-5.716-6.05. A260/A280 ratio is
1.6-1.65-1.7. The thermal inactivation point (TIP) is at
50-56.66-70°C. The longevity in vitro (LIV) is
1-3.5-10 days. Although the titer is dependent on the host, the
decimal exponent (DEX) of the dilution end point is usually around 3, or 4, or
5-6. The infectivity is not changed by treatment with ether; retained when
deproteinized with proteases, or decreased when deproteinized with proteases;
retained when deproteinized with phenol or detergent.
The Mr
of the genome constitutes 16-18.4-21.2% of the virion by weight. The
genome is segmented; tripartite, segements are distribute among 3 particle types
of different size; consists of three segments of to four segments of
linear, positive-sense, single-stranded RNA.
Minor species of non-genomic nucleic acid are also found in virions. The
encapsidated nucleic acid is mainly of genomic origin, but virions may also
contain subgenomic RNA and satellite RNA, that is mRNA
derived from genomic RNA-3. The complete genome is
8500-8606-8698 nucleotides long, is fully sequenced.
Complete sequence is 3355-3384-3410 nucleotides long (RNA-1).
RNA-2 is sequenced and complete
sequence is about 2946-3018-3074 nucleotides long. RNA-3 is
sequenced, but only an estimate is given, complete sequence is
2186-2199-2214 nucleotides long. RNA-4 is subgenomic has
been sequenced, but only an estimate is provided, complete sequence is
1000 nucleotides long. The genome has a base ratio of 23.1-23.83-24 %
guanine; 23-24.8-26.2 % adenine; 21-21.83-23 % cytosine;
29-29.51-30.1 % uracil. The genome has a guanine + cytosine content of
47 %. Nucleotide sequences at the 3'-terminus are similar. The 5'-end of
the genome has a methylated nucleotide cap, or genome-linked protein (VPg,
cap sequence type is m7G5'ppp5 (on all 4 RNAs). The 3'-terminus has
conserved nucleotide sequences; sequence has 200 nucleotides in length; in all
RNA species (characteristic for each taxon). The 3'-terminus has no poly
(A) tract. The 3'-terminus has on all genomic RNAs a tRNA-like
structure that can be aminoacylated with tyrosine. The genome
has no intergenic poly (A) region. The multipartite genome is divided among more
than one type of particle and the segments are distributed between 3
different types of particles. The largest particles contain each one molecule of
RNA-1 (sedimenting component B). The medium sized particles contain each one
molecule of RNA-2 (sedimenting component M). The smallest particles contain one
molecule each of RNA-3 and RNA-4 (sedimenting component T).
GenBank records for
nucleotide sequences;
complete genome sequences.
Proteins
constitute about 78.8-81.6-84% of the particle weight.
The viral genome encodes structural proteins and non-structural proteins.
Virions consist of 1 structural protein(s) located in the capsid.
Structural Proteins: Capsid protein is involved in viral
encapsidation and involved in protein movement.
Non-Structural Proteins: Virus-coded non-structural
proteins have been isolated, or identified by sequence analysis
and 1 or 3 non-structural
proteins are found.
Lipids are
absent.
Genome Organization and Replication
Transcription: Sub-genomic RNA is
present in infected cells; encoding the coat protein.
Natural Host
Domain
Viral hosts belong to the Domain
Eucarya.
Domain Eucarya
Kingdom Plantae.
Kingdom Plantae
Phylum Magnoliophyta
(Angiosperms, Class Magnoliopsida (Dicotyledonae).
Severity and Occurrence of
Disease
Host: Signs and symptoms persist.
Virus is transmitted by a vector. Virus is transmitted by
mechanical inoculation; transmitted by grafting; not transmitted by contact
between hosts; transmitted by seeds.
Vector Transmission:
Virus is transmitted by arthropods, by insects
of the order Hemiptera, family Aphididae. Virus is transmitted in a
non-persistent manner.
Experimental Hosts and Symptoms
Under
experimental conditions susceptibility to infection by virus is found in many
families. Susceptible host species are found in the Family Amaranthaceae,
Apocynaceae, Campanulaceae, Cannaceae,
Caryophyllaceae, Chenopodiaceae, Compositae,
Convolvulaceae, Cruciferae, Cucurbitaceae,
Labiatae, Leguminosae-Caesalpinioideae,
Leguminosae-Papilionoideae, Liliaceae, Malvaceae,
Pedaliaceae, Phytolaccaceae, Polygonaceae,
Scrophulariaceae, Solanaceae, Tetragoniaceae,
Tropaeolaceae, Umbelliferae. The following species were
susceptible to experimental virus infection: Abelmoschus esculentus,
Amaranthus caudatus, Amaranthus retroflexus, Antirrhinum
majus, Apium graveolens, Arachis hypogaea,
Atriplex hortensis, Beta vulgaris, Brassica
campestris ssp. napus, Brassica campestris ssp.
pekinensis, Brassica campestris ssp. rapa,
Brassica juncea, Calendula officinalis, Canna,
Capsella bursa-pastoris, Capsicum annuum, Capsicum
frutescens, Cassia occidentalis, Catharanthus roseus,
Cheiranthus cheiri, Chenopodium album, Chenopodium
amaranticolor, Chenopodium foetidum, Chenopodium
hybridum, Chenopodium murale, Chenopodium quinoa,
Chrysanthemum morifolium, Cicer arietinum, Cichorium
endiva, Citrullus lanatus, Coriandrum sativum,
Coronilla varia, Crotalaria spectabilis, Cucumis
melo, Cucumis sativus, Cucurbita maxima, Cucurbita
moschata, Cucurbita pepo, Cyamopsis tetragonoloba,
Datura ferox, Datura metel, Datura stramonium,
Datura tatula, Daucus carota, Dianthus barbatus,
Emilia sagittata, Fagopyrum esculentum, Glycine max,
Gomphrena globosa, Gossypium hirsutum, Helianthus
annuus, Hyoscyamus niger, Ipomoea nil, Lens
culinaris, Lespedeza stipulacea, Lilium, Lobelia
erinus, Lotus corniculatus, Lupinus albus, Lupinus
angustifolius, Lupinus luteus, Lycopersicon esculentum,
Lycopersicon pimpinellifolium, Matthiola incana,
Medicago sativa, Melilotus albus, Momordica
balsamina, Nicotiana bigelovii, Nicotiana clevelandii,
Nicotiana debneyi, Nicotiana glutinosa, Nicotiana
megalosiphon, Nicotiana rustica, Nicotiana sylvestris,
Nicotiana tabacum, Nicotiana x edwardsonii, Ocimum
basilicum, Petunia x hybrida, Phaseolus acutifolius,
Phaseolus lunatus, Phaseolus vulgaris, Physalis
floridana, Physalis peruviana, Phytolacca americana,
Pisum sativum, Raphanus sativus, Robinia
pseudoacacia, Rumex acetosa, Senecio vulgaris,
Sesamum indicum, Sesbania exaltata, Solanum demissum,
Solanum melongena, Solanum nigrum, Solanum
nodiflorum, Solanum rostratum, Solanum tuberosum,
Sonchus oleraceus, Spinacia oleracea, Stellaria
media, Tephrosia vogelii, Tetragonia tetragonioides,
Torenia fournieri, Trifolium dubium, Trifolium
hybridum, Trifolium incarnatum, Trifolium pratense,
Trifolium repens, Trifolium subterraneum, Trifolium
vesiculosum, Tropaeolum majus, Verbesina encelioides,
Vicia faba, Vicia sativa, Vicia villosa, Vigna
angularis, Vigna radiata, Vigna unguiculata, Vigna
unguiculata ssp. sesquipedalis , Zinnia elegans.
Experimentally infected insusceptible Hosts: Families
containing insusceptible hosts: Amaranthaceae,
Caryophyllaceae, or
Chenopodiaceae,
Compositae,
Cucurbitaceae,
Leguminosae-Papilionoideae,
Scrophulariaceae,
Solanaceae. Species inoculated with virus that do not
show signs of susceptibility: Antirrhinum majus, Celosia
argentea, Chenopodium capitatum, Citrullus vulgaris,
Cucumis sativus, Dahlia pinnata, Glycine max,
Helianthus annuus, Lactuca sativa, Lathyrus odoratus,
Momordica balsamina, Nicandra physalodes, Petunia x
hybrida, Phaseolus vulgaris, Solanum tuberosum,
Spinacia oleracea, Stellaria media, Vigna
unguiculata, Zinnia elegans.
Histopathology: Virions are found in the cytoplasm, or cell
vacuole.
Cytopathology: Inclusions are present in infected cells.
Inclusion bodies in the host cell are found in the cytoplasm. Cytoplasmic
inclusions are crystals. Inclusions contain mature virions.
The virus is probably distributed worldwide. The virus
spreads in Eurasia. The virus occurs in Australia, or Canada, or France, or
India, or Japan, or Korea (North), or Korea (South), or Morocco, or New Zealand
(Aotearoa), or Poland, or Spain, or the United States of America, or the USSR
(former).
Type species 00.010.0.04.001.
Cucumber mosaic virus .
List of Species in the
Genus.
Data Sources and
Contributions
The
following generic references are cited in the most recent ICTV Report.
PubMed References.
Taxon images: • EM by Robert G. Milne. • EM by Robert G. Milne. • EM by Robert G. Milne. • EM from IACR Rothamsted.
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