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00.010.0.04.002. Peanut stunt virus

Cite this publication as: ICTVdB Management (2006). 00.010.0.04.002. Peanut stunt virus. In: ICTVdB - The Universal Virus Database, version 4. Büchen-Osmond, C. (Ed), Columbia University, New York, USA

Cite this site as: ICTVdB - The Universal Virus Database, version 4. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/ICTVdb/ICTVdB/

Table of Contents

Isolate Description

Location: Virginia; the United States of America.

Host of Isolate and Habitat Details
Source of isolate: Arachis hypogaea.

Natural host and symptoms
Robinia pseudoacacia — mosaic and leaf malformation.

Trifolium repens, T. pratense, T. vesiculosum, T. incarnatum, T. subterraneum, Medicago sativa — chlorotic mottling.

Phaseolus ssp. — chlorotic local lesions and mottling, then mosaic, elongated misshapen trifoliate leaves in cv. Bountiful.

Arachis hypogaea — stunting, mild mottle, pod malformation.

Vicia sp. — systemic chlorotic mottle.

Glycine max, Pisum sativum, Vigna angularis, Coronilla varia, Tephrosia sp., Nicotiana tabacum, Apium graveolens, Lupinus luteus — leaf chlorosis.

Reference to Isolation Report
Miller et al. (1966).

Classification

This is a description of a plant virus at the species level with data on all virus properties from morphology to genome, replication, antigenicity and biological properties.

ICTVdB Virus Code: 00.010.0.04.002. Virus accession number: 10004002. Obsolete virus code: 10.0.4.0.002; superceded accession number: 10040002.
NCBI Taxon Identifier NCBI Taxonomy ID: 12313.

Name, Synonyms and Lineage

Synonym(s): Robinia mosaic virus (Richter et al., 1979; Schmelzer, 1971; Zheng and Kung, 1984), black locust true mosaic virus, clover blotch virus (Richter et al., 1979). ICTV approved acronym: PSV. Virus is an ICTV approved species. Virus is of the genus 00.010.0.04. Cucumovirus in the family 00.010. Bromoviridae.

Virion Properties

Morphology

Virions consist of a capsid. Virus capsid is not enveloped, round with icosahedral symmetry. The isometric capsid has a diameter of 30 nm. Capsids appear round. The capsomer arrangement is clearly visible. Virus preparations contain more than one particle component.






















Electron micrograph of Cucumber mosaic virus, Bromoviridae, by R.G. Milne, Istituto di Virologia, CRN, Torino, Italy.

Electron microscopic preparation and references: Virus preparation contains many virions. Aldehyde fixation necessary. Reference for electron microscopic methods: Mink et al. (1969, Waterworth et al. (1973).

Physicochemical and Physical Properties

Virions have a buoyant density in CsCl of 1.3573-1.3645 g cm-3 (fixed with formaldehyde). There are 1 sedimenting component(s) found in purified preparations (strain W), or 4 sedimenting component(s) found in purified preparations (strains B and P). The sedimentation coefficient is 152 S20w (strain P, of the other(s) are 135 S20w (strain P), or 98 S20w (strain W), or 90 S20w, or 37 S20w, or 59 S20w, or 75 S20w (strain B). Isoelectric point pH is 6.05. A260/A280 ratio is 1.6. The thermal inactivation point (TIP) is at 50-55°C. The longevity in vitro (LIV) is 1 days (and several days for P strain). Although the titer is dependent on the host, the decimal exponent (DEX) of the dilution end point is usually around 3-4.

Nucleic Acid

The Mr of the genome constitutes 16% of the virion by weight. The genome is segmented, tripartite (segements are distribute among 3 particle types of different size), and consists of three segments of to four segments of linear positive-sense, single-stranded RNA. Minor species of non-genomic nucleic acid are also found in virions. The encapsidated nucleic acid is mainly of genomic origin, but virions may also contain subgenomic RNA and satellite RNA, that is mRNA derived from genomic RNA-3 including satellite RNA (PARNA-5 of 197 or 620 nucleotides). The complete genome is 8500 nucleotides long. RNA-1 is fully sequenced and complete sequence is 3355 nucleotides long (RNA-1). Sequence has the accession number

[D00668] Em(40)_vi:PSVRNA3 Gb(84)_vi:PSVRNA3 Peanut stunt virus RNA 3 for 3a protein and coat protein. 6/92 2,186bp.
[D11126] Em(40)_vi:PSVJ1A Gb(84)_vi:PSVJ1A Peanut stunt virus RNA 1 complete genome. 8/92 3,355bp.
[D11127] Em(40)_vi:PSVJ2A Gb(84)_vi:PSVJ2A Peanut stunt virus RNA 2 complete genome. 5/92 2,946bp
[K03110] Em(40)_vi:CUPSVRN5 Gb(84)_vi:PSVPARNA5 Peanut stunt virus-associated RNA5 (PARNA 5). 4/90 393bp.
[X56544] Em(40)_vi:PSVCP Gb(84)_vi:PSVCP Peanut stunt virus coat protein mRNA. 8/91 986bp.
[U15728] Em(43)_vi:Ps15728 Gb(89)_vi:Psu15728 Peanut stunt virus RNA 1 complete sequence containing 1a protein mRNA, complete cds. 5/95 3,3
[U15729] Em(43)_vi:Ps15729 Gb(89)_vi:Psu15729 Peanut stunt virus RNA 2 complete sequence containing 2a protein mRNA, complete cds. 5/95 2,9
[U15730] Em(43)_vi:Ps15730 Gb(89)_vi:Psu15730 Peanut stunt virus RNA 3 complete sequence containing 3a movement protein mRNA, complete cds. RNA-2 is sequenced and complete sequence is about 2946 nucleotides long. RNA-3 is sequenced and complete sequence is about 2186 nucleotides long. RNA-4 is subgenomic has been sequenced, but only an estimate is provided, complete sequence is 986 nucleotides long. The genome has a base ratio of 24 % guanine; 26 % adenine; 21 % cytosine; 29 % uracil. The multipartite genome is divided among more than one type of particle and the segments are distributed between 3 different types of particles. The largest particles contain each one molecule of RNA-1 (sedimenting component B). The medium sized particles contain each one molecule of RNA-2 (sedimenting component M). The smallest particles contain one molecule each of RNA-3 and RNA-4 (sedimenting component T).

GenBank records for nucleotide sequences; complete genome sequences.

Proteins

Proteins constitute about 84% of the particle weight.

The viral genome encodes structural proteins and non-structural proteins located in the capsid.

Structural Proteins: Capsid protein is involved in viral encapsidation and involved in protein movement.

Reference to amino acid sequence or composition Mink (1972, Kaper and Waterworth (1981).

Lipids

Lipids are absent.

Transcription: Sub-genomic RNA is present in infected cells; encoding the coat protein.

Antigenicity

The virus is serologically related to cucumber mosaic virus.

Biological Properties

Natural Host

Domain
Viral hosts belong to the Domain Eucarya.

Domain Eucarya
Kingdom Plantae.

Kingdom Plantae
Phylum Magnoliophyta (Angiosperms, Class Magnoliopsida (Dicotyledonae).

Class Magnoliopsida (Dicotyledonae)
Subclass ROSIDAE; Order Fabales.

Severity and Occurrence of Disease

Host: Signs and symptoms persist.

Transmission and Vector Relationships

Virus is transmitted by a vector. Virus is transmitted by mechanical inoculation; transmitted by seeds (0.1% in Arachis hypogaea).

Vector Transmission:
Virus is transmitted by arthropods, by insects of the order Hemiptera, family Aphididae; Aphis craccivora, A spiraecola and Myzus persicae, but not Aphis gossypii. Virus is transmitted in a non-persistent manner.

Experimental Hosts and Symptoms

Under experimental conditions susceptibility to infection by virus is found in many families. Susceptible host species are found in the Family Amaranthaceae, Apocynaceae, Campanulaceae, Caryophyllaceae, Chenopodiaceae, Compositae, Cruciferae, Cucurbitaceae, Labiatae, Leguminosae-Caesalpinioideae, Leguminosae-Papilionoideae, Pedaliaceae, Scrophulariaceae, Solanaceae, Tetragoniaceae, Umbelliferae. The following species were susceptible to experimental virus infection: Amaranthus caudatus, Apium graveolens, Arachis hypogaea, Beta vulgaris, Brassica campestris ssp. rapa, Capsicum annuum, Capsicum frutescens, Cassia occidentalis, Catharanthus roseus, Chenopodium amaranticolor, Chenopodium foetidum, Chenopodium murale, Chenopodium quinoa, Cicer arietinum, Citrullus lanatus, Coronilla varia, Crotalaria spectabilis, Cucumis melo, Cucumis sativus, Cucurbita maxima, Cucurbita moschata, Cucurbita pepo, Cyamopsis tetragonoloba, Datura metel, Datura stramonium, Dianthus barbatus, Glycine max, Gomphrena globosa, Helianthus annuus, Lens culinaris, Lespedeza stipulacea, Lobelia erinus, Lupinus albus, Lupinus angustifolius, Lupinus luteus, Lycopersicon esculentum, Medicago sativa, Melilotus albus, Nicotiana clevelandii, Nicotiana glutinosa, Nicotiana rustica, Nicotiana tabacum, Ocimum basilicum, Petunia x hybrida, Phaseolus acutifolius, Phaseolus lunatus, Phaseolus vulgaris, Physalis floridana, Physalis peruviana, Pisum sativum, Robinia pseudoacacia, Sesamum indicum, Sesbania exaltata, Solanum melongena, Spinacia oleracea, Tephrosia vogelii, Tetragonia tetragonioides, Torenia fournieri, Trifolium dubium, Trifolium hybridum, Trifolium incarnatum, Trifolium pratense, Trifolium repens, Trifolium subterraneum, Trifolium vesiculosum, Vicia faba, Vicia sativa, Vicia villosa, Vigna angularis, Vigna radiata, Vigna unguiculata, Vigna unguiculata ssp. sesquipedalis , Zinnia elegans.

Experimentally infected insusceptible Hosts: Families containing insusceptible hosts: Chenopodiaceae, Compositae, Cucurbitaceae, Leguminosae-Papilionoideae, Scrophulariaceae, Solanaceae. Species inoculated with virus that do not show signs of susceptibility: Antirrhinum majus, Chenopodium capitatum, Glycine max, Helianthus annuus, Momordica balsamina, Solanum tuberosum.

Diagnostic Hosts

Diagnostic host species and symptoms:

Chenopodium amaranticolor, C. quinoa — chlorotic local lesions; systemic spotting.

Spinacia oleracea, Tetragonia tetragonioides — systemic mottling.

Glycine max — systemic chlorotic mottling.

Phaseolus vulgaris — chlorotic or necrotic local lesions, systemic chlorotic mottling or mosaic.

P. vulgaris cv. Bountiful — elongated mis-shapen trifoliate leaves.

Pisum sativum — systemic chlorotic mottling, stunting.

Vigna unguiculata — chlorotic local lesions; systemic vein clearing and severe epinasty.

Datura stramonium — systemic chlorotic mottle with islands of green tissue.

Nicotiana tabacum — light green and yellow rings, then systemic chlorotic areas.

Tetragonia tetragonioides — systemic mottle.

Maintenance and Propagation Hosts

Most commonly used maintenance and propagation host species are Phaseolus vulgaris, Pisum sativum, Vigna unguiculata, Nicotiana tabacum.

Assay Hosts

Host: Assay hosts (for Local lesions or Whole plants):
Chenopodium quinoa (L), Phaseolus vulgaris (L), Vigna unguiculata (L, W), Datura stramonium (W), Nicotiana tabacum (W).

References to host data: Mink et al. (1969, Waterworth et al. (1973, Milbrath and Tolin (1977).

Histopathology: Virus can be best detected in all parts of the host plant. Virions are found in the cytoplasm and cell vacuole.

Cytopathology: Inclusions are present in infected cells. Inclusion bodies in the host cell are found in the cytoplasm. Cytoplasmic inclusions are crystals.

Geographical Distribution

The virus occurs in France, Japan, Korea (North), Korea (South), Morocco, Poland, Spain, and the United States of America.

List of Strains and Isolates in the Species

Peanut common mosaic virus.

References

Douine, L. and Devergne, JC (1978). Annls. Phytopath. 10: 79.

Echandi, E. and Hebert, T.T. (1971). Phytopathology 61: 328.

Fischer, H.U. and Lockhart, B.E.L. (1978). Phytopathology 68: 289.

Kaper, J.M. and Waterworth, H.E. (1981). In: Handbook of Plant Virus Infections and Comparative Diagnosis, p. 257; ed. E. Kurstak. Elsevier/North-Holland Biomedical Press, Amsterdam.

Karasawa, A, Nakaho, K., Kakutani, T., Minobe, Y. and Ehara, Y. (1991). Virology 185: 464.

Kim, J.S., Lee, S.H. and Lee, M.W. (1988). Korean J. Pl. Path 4: 88.

Milbrath, GM and Tolin, S.A. (1977). Pl. Dis. Reptr 61: 637.

Miller, L.I. and Troutman, J.L. (1966). Pl. Dis. Reptr 50: 139.

Mink, G.I. (1972). CMI/AAB Descr. Pl. Viruses No. 92, 4 pp.

Mink, G.I., Silbernagel, M.J. and Saksena, K.N. (1969). Phytopathology 59: 1625.

Richter, J., Proll, E. and Musil, M. (1979). Acta Virol. 23: 489.

Schmelzer, K. (1971). CMI/AAB Descr. Pl. Viruses No. 65, 3 pp.

Waterworth, H.E., Monroe, R.L. and Kahn, R.P. (1973). Phytopathology 63: 93.

Xu, Z., Barnett, O.W. and Gibson, P.B. (1986). Phytopathology 76: 390.

Zheng Q.-X. and Kung T.-H. (1984). Acta Biochim. Biophys. Sin. 16: 540.

The following generic references are cited in the most recent ICTV Report.

PubMed References.

VIDEdB, the plant virus database developed at the Australian National University by Adrian J. Gibbs and collaborators, contains an earlier description with the number 585 by G.I. Mink, 1980. Revised by P.L. Guy, 1990.

A description of the virus is found in DPV, a database for plant viruses developed by the Association of Applied Biologists (AAB), with the number 92.



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ICTVdB - The Universal Virus Database, developed for the International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses (ICTV) by Dr Cornelia Büchen-Osmond, is written in DELTA. The virus descriptions in ICTVdB are coded by ICTV members and experts, or by the ICTVdB Management using data provided by the experts, the literature or the latest ICTV Report. The character list is the underlying code. All virus descriptions are based on the character list and natural language translations from the encoded descriptions are automatically generated and formatted for display on the Web.

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