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00.010.0.02. Ilarvirus

Cite this publication as: ICTVdB Management (2006). 00.010.0.02. Ilarvirus. In: ICTVdB - The Universal Virus Database, version 4. Büchen-Osmond, C. (Ed), Columbia University, New York, USA

Cite this site as: ICTVdB - The Universal Virus Database, version 4. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/ICTVdb/ICTVdB/

Table of Contents

Classification

This is a description of a plant virus at the genus level with data on all virus properties from morphology to genome, replication, antigenicity and biological properties.

ICTVdB Virus Code: 00.010.0.02. Virus accession number: 010002GE. Obsolete virus code: 10.0.2.; superceded accession number: 10020000.
NCBI Taxon Identifier NCBI Taxonomy ID: 12316.

Name, Synonyms and Lineage

Synonym(s): Tobacco streak virus group. Virus is of the family 00.010. Bromoviridae.

Virion Properties

Morphology

Virions consist of a capsid. Virus capsid is not enveloped. Capsid is round to elongated with icosahedral symmetry. The capsid is isometric to bacilliform and has a diameter of 19-27.46-36 nm. Capsids appear round, or hexagonal in outline, or slightly angular. The capsomer arrangement is clearly visible, or is not obvious. Virus preparations contain more than one particle component. Virions consist of several nucleocapsids. The capsids and segments have different lengths, but constant diameter with a length of 20-55 nm. The nucleocapsid is segmented.
























Electron micrograph of Bromoviridae.

Electron microscopic preparation and references: Virus preparation contains few virions, or many virions.

Physicochemical and Physical Properties

Virions have a buoyant density in CsCl of 1.33-1.351-1.37 g cm-3. There are 1 sedimenting component(s) found in purified preparations, or 2 sedimenting component(s) found in purified preparations, or 3 sedimenting component(s) found in purified preparations, or 4 sedimenting component(s) found in purified preparations, or 5 sedimenting component(s) found in purified preparations. The sedimentation coefficient is 90-106.9-125 S20w; of the other(s) are 72-92.33-114 S20w. Isoelectric point pH is 4.6. A260/A280 ratio is 1.31-1.49-1.67. The thermal inactivation point (TIP) is at 45-57.35-66°C. The longevity in vitro (LIV) is 0.0069-3.036-21 days. Although the titer is dependent on the host, the decimal exponent (DEX) of the dilution end point is usually around 1, or 2, or 3, or 4, or 5-7. The infectivity is increased by treatment with ether, or not changed by treatment with ether; retained when deproteinized with proteases, or lost when deproteinized with proteases; retained when deproteinized with phenol or detergent, or lost when deproteinized with phenol or detergent.

Nucleic Acid

The Mr of the genome constitutes 12-15.43-24% of the virion by weight. The genome is segmented; tripartite, segements are distribute among 3 particle types of different size; consists of three segments of, or four segments of, or five segments of linear, positive-sense, single-stranded RNA. Minor species of non-genomic nucleic acid are also found in virions. The encapsidated nucleic acid is mainly of genomic origin, but virions may also contain subgenomic RNA, that is mRNA derived from genomic RNA-3. The complete genome is 86000 nucleotides long. The RNA-1 is fully sequenced, complete sequence is 2901-3532-4300 nucleotides long (RNA-1). RNA-2 is fully sequenced, complete sequence is 2366-3000-3700 nucleotides long. RNA-3 is sequenced, but only an estimate is given, complete sequence is 1605-2322-2700 nucleotides long. RNA-4 is the encapsidated mRNA has been fully sequenced, complete sequence is 845-1100-1409 nucleotides long (RNA-4 that is the encapsidated mRNA). Subgenomic RNA-4 is an mRNA derived from RNA-3 negative strand template, has been sequenced, but only an estimate is presented, complete sequence is 760-812-871 nucleotides long. The genome has a base ratio of 24-25.33-27 % guanine; 24-24.66-25 % adenine; 20-20.66-21 % cytosine; 27-29.33-31 % uracil. The genome has a guanine + cytosine content of 43 %. The 5'-end of the genome has a methylated nucleotide cap. The genome has an intergenic poly (A) region. The multipartite genome is divided among more than one type of particle and the segments are distributed between 3 different types of particles. The largest particles contain each one molecule of RNA-1 (sedimenting component B). The medium sized particles contain each one molecule of RNA-2 (sedimenting component M). The smallest particles contain one molecule each of RNA-3 and RNA-4 (sedimenting component T).

GenBank records for nucleotide sequences; complete genome sequences.

Proteins

Proteins constitute about 76-84.56-88% of the particle weight.

The viral genome encodes structural proteins and non-structural proteins. Virions consist of 1 structural protein(s) located in the capsid.

Structural Proteins: Capsid protein coat. Capsid protein has a molecular mass of 19000-25200-30000 Da; is involved in viral encapsidation and involved in protein movement.

Lipids

Lipids are absent.

Genome Organization and Replication

By itself, genomic nucleic acid is not infectious; a successful infection by the virus requires the coat protein specifically associated with RNA 3'-terminal sequences for replicase recognition.

Transcription: Sub-genomic RNA is present in infected cells, or absent from infected cells; encoding the coat protein.

Biological Properties

Natural Host

Domain
Viral hosts belong to the Domain Eucarya.

Domain Eucarya
Kingdom Plantae.

Kingdom Plantae
Phylum Magnoliophyta (Angiosperms, Class Magnoliopsida (Dicotyledonae) and Liliopsida (Monocotyledonae).

Severity and Occurrence of Disease

Host: Signs and symptoms persist, or vary cyclically over a few weeks, or vary seasonally, or disappear soon after infection.

Transmission and Vector Relationships

Virus is transmitted by a vector, or not transmitted by a vector. Virus is transmitted by mechanical inoculation; transmitted by grafting; transmitted by contact between hosts, or not transmitted by contact between hosts; transmitted by seeds, or not transmitted by seeds; transmitted by pollen to the seed, or transmitted by pollen to the pollinated plant.

Vector Transmission:
Virus is transmitted by arthropods, by insects of the order Thysanoptera.

Experimental Hosts and Symptoms

Under experimental conditions susceptibility to infection by virus is found in many families, several families, few families. Susceptible host species are found in the Family Alstroemeriaceae, Amaranthaceae, Apocynaceae, Asparagaceae, Campanulaceae, Cannabidaceae, Caryophyllaceae, Chenopodiaceae, Compositae, Convolvulaceae, Corylaceae, Cruciferae, Cucurbitaceae, Ericaceae, Euphorbiaceae, Gentianaceae, Gramineae, Hydrangeaceae, Labiatae, Leguminosae-Caesalpinioideae, Leguminosae-Papilionoideae, Malvaceae, Oleaceae, Polemoniaceae, Rosaceae, Rutaceae, Scrophulariaceae, Solanaceae, Tetragoniaceae, Thunbergiaceae, Tropaeolaceae, Ulmaceae, Urticaceae, Vitidaceae. The following species were susceptible to experimental virus infection: Abelmoschus esculentus, Alstroemeria caryophylla, Amaranthus caudatus, Amaranthus retroflexus, Amaranthus tricolor, Antirrhinum majus, Arachis hypogaea, Asparagus officinalis, Atriplex hortensis, Beta macrocarpa, Beta patellaris, Beta vulgaris, Brassica campestris, Capsella bursa-pastoris, Capsicum annuum, Capsicum frutescens, Capsicum frutescens var. grossum, Cassia occidentalis, Cassia tora, Catharanthus roseus, Celosia argentea, Celosia cristata, Celosia plumosa, Chenopodium album, Chenopodium amaranticolor, Chenopodium capitatum, Chenopodium foetidum, Chenopodium foliosum, Chenopodium hybridum, Chenopodium murale, Chenopodium quinoa, Citrus aurantifolia, Citrus aurantium, Citrus limon, Citrus paradisi, Citrus reticulata, Citrus sinensis, Corylus avellana, Crotalaria juncea, Crotalaria spectabilis, Cucumis melo, Cucumis sativus, Cucurbita maxima, Cucurbita moschata, Cucurbita pepo, Cyamopsis tetragonoloba, Dahlia pinnata, Datura metel, Datura stramonium, Eustoma grandiflorum, Fragaria chiloensis, Fragaria vesca, Galinsoga parviflora, Glycine max, Gomphrena globosa, Gossypium herbaceum, Gossypium hirsutum, Helianthus annuus, Humulus, Humulus japonicus, Humulus lupulus, Hydrangea macrophylla, Hyoscyamus niger, Ipomoea nil, Lactuca sativa, Lathyrus odoratus, Lavatera trimestris, Lens culinaris, Lobelia erinus, Lupinus albus, Lycopersicon esculentum, Lycopersicon pimpinellifolium, Macrotyloma uniflorum, Malus, Malus domestica, Malus sylvestris, Matthiola incana, Medicago sativa, Melilotus albus, Melilotus officinalis, Momordica balsamina, Nicandra physalodes, Nicotiana benthamiana, Nicotiana bigelovii, Nicotiana clevelandii, Nicotiana debneyi, Nicotiana glutinosa, Nicotiana glutinosa x N. clevelandii, Nicotiana megalosiphon, Nicotiana occidentalis, Nicotiana rustica, Nicotiana sylvestris, Nicotiana tabacum, Nicotiana x edwardsonii, Ocimum basilicum, Parietaria officinalis, Petunia x hybrida, Phaseolus vulgaris, Phlox drummondii, Physalis floridana, Physalis peruviana, Pisum sativum, Prunus, Prunus americana x P. salicina, Prunus cerasifera, Prunus cerasus, Prunus domestica, Prunus persica, Prunus serrulata, Ricinus communis, Rosa, Rosa setigera, or Rosaceae, Salvia splendens, Senecio vulgaris, Sesbania exaltata, Solanum demissum, Solanum demissum x S. tuberosum, Solanum melongena, Solanum nigrum, Solanum nodiflorum, Solanum rostratum, Solanum tuberosum, Spinacia oleracea, Stellaria media, Syringa vulgaris, Teramnus uncinatus, Tetragonia tetragonioides, Thunbergia alata, Tithonia speciosa, Torenia fournieri, Trifolium incarnatum, Trifolium pratense, Trifolium repens, Tropaeolum majus, Ulmus glabra, Ulmus minor, Vaccinium corymbosum, Vicia faba, Vigna radiata, Vigna unguiculata, Vigna unguiculata ssp. cylindrica, Vigna unguiculata ssp. sesquipedalis , Vigna unguiculata ssp. unguiculata, Vitis vinifera, Zea mays, Zinnia elegans.

Experimentally infected insusceptible Hosts: Families containing insusceptible hosts: Alliaceae, Amaranthaceae, Apocynaceae, or Caryophyllaceae, Chenopodiaceae, Compositae, Cruciferae, or Cucurbitaceae, Labiatae, Leguminosae-Caesalpinioideae, or Leguminosae-Papilionoideae, Pedaliaceae, Phytolaccaceae, or Plantaginaceae, Polemoniaceae, Resedaceae, Scrophulariaceae, or Solanaceae, Tropaeolaceae, Umbelliferae. Species inoculated with virus that do not show signs of susceptibility: Allium cepa, Allium porrum, Amaranthus caudatus, Antirrhinum majus, Apium graveolens, Arachis hypogaea, Beta vulgaris, Brassica campestris ssp. chinensis, Brassica campestris ssp. pekinensis, Brassica campestris ssp. rapa, Brassica juncea, Brassica oleracea, Brassica oleracea var. botrytis, Brassica oleracea var. capitata, Capsella bursa-pastoris, Capsicum annuum, Cassia occidentalis, Cassia tora, Catharanthus roseus, Chenopodium amaranticolor, Chenopodium murale, Chenopodium quinoa, Citrullus lanatus, Crotalaria spectabilis, Cucumis melo, Cucumis sativus, Cucurbita pepo, Cyamopsis tetragonoloba, Datura ferox, Datura metel, Datura stramonium, Datura tatula, Dianthus barbatus, Digitalis purpurea, Gomphrena globosa, Gomphrena stramonium, Gypsophila perfoliata, Helianthus annuus, Hyoscyamus niger, Lactuca sativa, Lagenaria siceraria, Lupinus albus, Lycopersicon esculentum, Medicago sativa, Momordica balsamina, Nepeta cataria, Nicotiana, Nicotiana benthamiana, Nicotiana clevelandii, Nicotiana glutinosa, Nicotiana megalosiphon, Nicotiana rustica, Nicotiana sylvestris, Nicotiana tabacum, Ocimum basilicum, Petroselinum crispum, Petunia x hybrida, Phaseolus vulgaris, Phlox drummondii, Physalis floridana, Physalis peruviana, Phytolacca americana, Pisum sativum, Plantago virginica, Raphanus sativus, Reseda alba, Saponaria vaccaria, Sesamum indicum, Sesbania exaltata, Sinapis alba, Tithonia speciosa, Torenia fournieri, Trifolium incarnatum, Trifolium pratense, Trifolium repens, Tropaeolum majus, Vicia faba, Vigna unguiculata, Zinnia elegans.

Histopathology: Virions are found in the cytoplasm, or nucleus.

Cytopathology: Inclusions are present in infected cells, or not present in infected cells. Inclusion bodies in the host cell are found in the cytoplasm. Inclusions do not contain mature virions.

Geographical Distribution

The virus is probably distributed worldwide. The virus spreads in East Asia, or Eurasia, or North America, or Australasia and Pacific Islands. The virus occurs in Australia, or Canada, or Chile, or China, or Hungary, or Italy, or Japan, or the Netherlands, or Peru, or the United States of America, or Yugoslavia.

Taxonomic Structure of the Genus

Type species 00.010.0.02.001. Tobacco streak virus .

Species in the Genus

List of Species in the Genus.

Data Sources and Contributions

The description has been compiled from data in the ICTV Report presented by Rybicki EP.

References

The following generic references are cited in the most recent ICTV Report.

PubMed References.
A description of the virus is found in DPV, a database for plant viruses developed by the Association of Applied Biologists (AAB), with the number 275.

Taxonomic Proposals and Changes

The basic criteria used to subdivide the genus have been serology and host relations; Hamilton (1991) proposed 10 subgroups.

Images

Taxon images: • EM from IACR Rothamsted.



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DELTA - DEscription Language for TAxonomy developed by Dr Mike Dallwitz, Toni Paine and Eric Zurcher, CSIRO Entomology, Canberra, Australia. ICTVdB - The Universal Virus Database, developed for the International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses by Dr Cornelia Büchen-Osmond is written in DELTA. The virus descriptions in ICTVdB are coded by, or using data from experts in the field of virology or members ICTV. The character list is the underlying code. All virus descriptions are based on the character list and natural language translations are automatically generated and formatted for display on the Web from the descriptions in DELTA-format. The description has been generated automatically from DELTA files. DELTA - DEscription Language for TAxonomy developed by Dr Mike Dallwitz, Toni Paine and Eric Zurcher, CSIRO Entomology, Canberra, Australia.

ICTVdB - The Universal Virus Database, developed for the International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses (ICTV) by Dr Cornelia Büchen-Osmond, is written in DELTA. The virus descriptions in ICTVdB are coded by ICTV members and experts, or by the ICTVdB Management using data provided by the experts, the literature or the latest ICTV Report. The character list is the underlying code. All virus descriptions are based on the character list and natural language translations from the encoded descriptions are automatically generated and formatted for display on the Web.

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Last updated on 25 April 2006 by Cornelia Büchen-Osmond
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