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00.010.0.02.018. Tulare apple mosaic virus

Cite this publication as: ICTVdB Management (2006). 00.010.0.02.018. Tulare apple mosaic virus. In: ICTVdB - The Universal Virus Database, version 4. Büchen-Osmond, C. (Ed), Columbia University, New York, USA

Cite this site as: ICTVdB - The Universal Virus Database, version 4. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/ICTVdb/ICTVdB/

Table of Contents

Isolate Description

Location: the United States of America.

Host of Isolate and Habitat Details
Source of isolate: Malus sylvestris.

Natural host and symptoms
Corylus avellana, Malus sylvestris — conspicuous leaf chlorosis.

Reference to Isolation Report
Yarwood (1955).

Classification

This is a description of a plant virus at the species level with data on all virus properties from morphology to genome, replication, antigenicity and biological properties.

ICTVdB Virus Code: 00.010.0.02.018. Virus accession number: 10002018. Obsolete virus code: 10.0.2.02.06; superceded accession number: 10020206.
NCBI Taxon Identifier NCBI Taxonomy ID: 151043.

Name, Synonyms and Lineage

ICTV approved acronym: TAMV. Virus is an ICTV approved species of the genus 00.010.0.02. Ilarvirus in the family 00.010. Bromoviridae.

Virion Properties

Morphology

Virions consist of a capsid. Virus capsid is not enveloped. Capsid is round to elongated with icosahedral symmetry. The capsid is isometric to quasi-isometric and has a diameter of 33 nm. Capsids appear round. Virus preparations contain more than one particle component.
























Electron micrograph of Bromoviridae.

Electron microscopic preparation and references: Reference for electron microscopic methods: Mink and Bancroft (1962, Mink et al. (1963, Fulton (1967).

Physicochemical and Physical Properties

There are 3 sedimenting component(s) found in purified preparations. The sedimentation coefficient is of the fastest 118 S20w; of the other(s) are 93 and 108 S20w. A260/A280 ratio is 1.36. The thermal inactivation point (TIP) is at 62°C (in sap containing reducing agent). The longevity in vitro (LIV) is 0.0069 days.

Nucleic Acid

The Mr of the genome constitutes 12% of the virion by weight. The genome is segmented, tripartite (segements are distribute among 3 particle types of different size), and consists of three segments of to four segments of linear positive-sense, single-stranded RNA. Minor species of non-genomic nucleic acid are also found in virions. The encapsidated nucleic acid is mainly of genomic origin, but virions may also contain subgenomic RNA. RNA-4 is a subgenomic mRNA derived from RNA-3 negative strand template. The genome has a base ratio of 24 % guanine; 24 % adenine; 21 % cytosine; 31 % uracil. The multipartite genome segments are distributed between 3 different types of particles. The largest particles contain each one molecule of RNA-1 (sedimenting component B). The medium sized particles contain each one molecule of RNA-2 (sedimenting component M). The smallest particles contain one molecule each of RNA-3 and RNA-4 (sedimenting component T).

GenBank records for nucleotide sequences; complete genome sequences.

Proteins

Proteins constitute about 88% of the particle weight.

The viral genome encodes structural proteins and non-structural proteins. Virions consist of 1 structural protein(s) located in the capsid.

Structural Proteins: Capsid protein is involved in viral encapsidation and involved in protein movement.

Reference to amino acid sequence or composition Barnett and Fulton (1969).

Lipids

Lipids are absent.

Antigenicity

The virus is serologically related to citrus leaf rugose virus.

Biological Properties

Natural Host

Domain
Viral hosts belong to the Domain Eucarya.

Domain Eucarya
Kingdom Plantae.

Kingdom Plantae
Phylum Magnoliophyta (Angiosperms, Class Magnoliopsida (Dicotyledonae).

Class Magnoliopsida (Dicotyledonae)
Subclass ROSIDAE; Order Rosales.

Severity and Occurrence of Disease

Host: Signs and symptoms persist.

Transmission and Vector Relationships

Virus is transmitted by mechanical inoculation; not transmitted by seeds.

Experimental Hosts and Symptoms

Under experimental conditions susceptibility to infection by virus is found in several families. Susceptible host species are found in the Family Apocynaceae, Corylaceae, Leguminosae-Papilionoideae, Rosaceae, Solanaceae. The following species were susceptible to experimental virus infection: Catharanthus roseus, Corylus avellana, Malus sylvestris, Nicotiana tabacum, Phaseolus vulgaris.

Diagnostic Hosts

Diagnostic host species and symptoms:

Nicotiana tabacum — local necrotic lines and rings; systemic necrotic rings and oak-leaf patterns, but later formed leaves are symptomless.

Phaseolus vulgaris cv. Bountiful — brown local lesions; no systemic infection.

Maintenance and Propagation Hosts

Most commonly used maintenance and propagation host species are Catharanthus roseus, Nicotiana tabacum.

Assay Hosts

Host: Assay hosts (for Local lesions or Whole plants):
Phaseolus vulgaris cv. Bountiful (L), Nicotiana tabacum (W).

Geographical Distribution

The virus is found, but with no evidence of proliferation, in France and the U.S.A. (California).

Comments

The virus has been isolated from a single apple tree (since removed) in Tulare County, California, and later from hazel in France (Cardin and Marenaud, 1975).

References

Barnett, O.W. and Fulton, R.W. (1969). Virology 39: 556.

Cardin, L. and Mar‚naud, C. (1975). Annls. Phytopath. 7: 159.

Fulton, R.W. (1956). Phytopathology 46: 694.

Fulton, R.W. (1967). Virology 32: 153.

Fulton, R.W. (1971). CMI/AAB Descr. Pl. Viruses No. 42, 3 pp.

Gilmer, RM (1958). Phytopathology 48: 432.

Lister, RM and Saksena, K.N. (1976). Virology 70: 440.

Mink, G.I. (1965). Virology 26: 700.

Mink, G.I. and Bancroft, J.B. (1962). Nature, Lond. 194: 214.

Mink, G.I., Bancroft, J.B. and Nadakavukaren, M.J. (1963). Phytopathology 53: 973.

Uyeda, I. and Mink, G.I. (1983). Phytopathology 73: 47.

Yarwood, C.E. (1955). Hilgardia 23: 613.

The following generic references are cited in the most recent ICTV Report.

PubMed References. A description of this taxon in VIDEdB, the plant virus database developed at the Australian National University by Adrian J. Gibbs and collaborators, contains an earlier description with the number 847 by A.A. Brunt, 1992. A description of the virus is found in DPV, a database for plant viruses developed by the Association of Applied Biologists (AAB), with the number 42.



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DELTA - DEscription Language for TAxonomy developed by Dr Mike Dallwitz, Toni Paine and Eric Zurcher, CSIRO Entomology, Canberra, Australia. ICTVdB - The Universal Virus Database, developed for the International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses by Dr Cornelia Büchen-Osmond is written in DELTA. The virus descriptions in ICTVdB are coded by, or using data from experts in the field of virology or members ICTV. The character list is the underlying code. All virus descriptions are based on the character list and natural language translations are automatically generated and formatted for display on the Web from the descriptions in DELTA-format. The description has been generated automatically from DELTA files. DELTA - DEscription Language for TAxonomy developed by Dr Mike Dallwitz, Toni Paine and Eric Zurcher, CSIRO Entomology, Canberra, Australia.

ICTVdB - The Universal Virus Database, developed for the International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses (ICTV) by Dr Cornelia Büchen-Osmond, is written in DELTA. The virus descriptions in ICTVdB are coded by ICTV members and experts, or by the ICTVdB Management using data provided by the experts, the literature or the latest ICTV Report. The character list is the underlying code. All virus descriptions are based on the character list and natural language translations from the encoded descriptions are automatically generated and formatted for display on the Web.

Developer of the DELTA software: M. J. Dallwitz, T. Paine and E. Zurcher

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Last updated on 25 April 2006 by Cornelia Büchen-Osmond
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