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00.010.0.02.010. Humulus japonicus latent virus

Cite this publication as: ICTVdB Management (2006). 00.010.0.02.010. Humulus japonicus latent virus. In: ICTVdB - The Universal Virus Database, version 4. Büchen-Osmond, C. (Ed), Columbia University, New York, USA

Cite this site as: ICTVdB - The Universal Virus Database, version 4. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/ICTVdb/ICTVdB/

Table of Contents

Isolate Description

Location: in seedlings grown from seed imported from the Peoples Republic of China; the United Kingdom (imported from China).

Host of Isolate and Habitat Details
Source of isolate: Humulus japonicus.

Natural host and symptoms
Humulus japonicus, H. lupulus — symptomless.

Reference to Isolation Report
Adams et al. (1989).

Classification

This is a description of a plant virus at the species level with data on all virus properties from morphology to genome, replication, antigenicity and biological properties.

ICTVdB Virus Code: 00.010.0.02.010. Virus accession number: 10002010. Obsolete virus code: 10.0.2.09.01; superceded accession number: 10020901.
NCBI Taxon Identifier NCBI Taxonomy ID: 269213.

Name, Synonyms and Lineage

Alternative name: Humulus japonicus virus. ICTV approved acronym: HJLV. Acronym(s): HJV (HjV). Virus is an ICTV approved species of the genus 00.010.0.02. Ilarvirus in the family 00.010. Bromoviridae.

Virion Properties

Morphology

Virions consist of a capsid. Virus capsid is not enveloped. Capsid is round to elongated with icosahedral symmetry. The capsid is isometric and has a diameter of 24-33 nm. Capsids appear round. The capsomer arrangement is clearly visible. Virus preparations contain more than one particle component.
























Electron micrograph of Bromoviridae.

Electron microscopic preparation and references: Virus preparation contains many virions. Reference for electron microscopic methods: Adams et al. (1989).

Physicochemical and Physical Properties

Virions have a buoyant density in CsCl of 1.364 g cm-3 (fixed with 2% formaldehyde). There are 4 sedimenting component(s) found in purified preparations. The longevity in vitro (LIV) is less than 0.25 days. The infectivity is not changed by treatment with ether; retained when deproteinized with phenol or detergent.

Nucleic Acid

The genome is segmented; tripartite, segements are distribute among 3 particle types of different size; consists of four segments of linear positive-sense, single-stranded RNA. Minor species of non-genomic nucleic acid are also found in virions. The encapsidated nucleic acid is mainly of genomic origin, but virions may also contain subgenomic RNA. The complete genome is 9866 nucleotides long, is partially sequenced and sequenced region is 301 nucleotides long. Sequence has the accession number [X65990]. RNA-2 is sequenced, but only an estimate is available, complete sequence is 2958 nucleotides long. RNA-3 is sequenced, but only an estimate is given, complete sequence is 2113 nucleotides long. RNA-4 is subgenomic has been sequenced and complete sequence is 1099 nucleotides long. Subgenomic RNA-4 is an mRNA derived from RNA-3 negative strand template. The multipartite genome is divided among more than one type of particle and the segments are distributed between 3 different types of particles. The largest particles contain each one molecule of RNA-1 (sedimenting component B). The medium sized particles contain each one molecule of RNA-2 (sedimenting component M). The smallest particles contain one molecule each of RNA-3 and RNA-4 (sedimenting component T). Reference to nucleotide sequence Adams et al. (1989).

GenBank records for nucleotide sequences; complete genome sequences.

Proteins

The viral genome encodes structural proteins and non-structural proteins. Virions consist of 1 structural protein(s) located in the capsid.

Structural Proteins: Capsid protein is involved in viral encapsidation and involved in protein movement.

Reference to method of preparation: Adams et al. (1989).

Lipids

Lipids are absent.

Antigenicity

The virus is serologically related to Prunus necrotic ringspot virus, but distantly. The virus does not show serological relationships to apple mosaic, prune dwarf, American plum line pattern, tobacco streak, Asparagus 2, citrus leaf rugose, citrus variegation, elm mottle and lilac ring mottle viruses.

Diagnostics and Reference Collections

The best tests for diagnosis are its only known natural hosts are species of Humulus. Test plant reactions could be confused with those of Prunus necrotic ringspot virus which is widespread in hops and hence diagnosis is best confirmed by serology. Clear results obtained with ISEM and decoration.

Biological Properties

Natural Host

Domain
Viral hosts belong to the Domain Eucarya.

Domain Eucarya
Kingdom Plantae.

Kingdom Plantae
Phylum Magnoliophyta (Angiosperms, Class Magnoliopsida (Dicotyledonae).

Class Magnoliopsida (Dicotyledonae)
Subclass HAMAMELIDAE; Order Urticales.

Transmission and Vector Relationships

Virus is transmitted by mechanical inoculation; transmitted by seeds.

Experimental Hosts and Symptoms

Under experimental conditions susceptibility to infection by virus is found in many families. Susceptible host species are found in the Family Amaranthaceae, Apocynaceae, Cannabidaceae, Chenopodiaceae, Compositae, Cucurbitaceae, Solanaceae. The following species were susceptible to experimental virus infection: Amaranthus caudatus, Beta vulgaris, Catharanthus roseus, Celosia cristata, Chenopodium album, Chenopodium amaranticolor, Chenopodium foetidum, Chenopodium foliosum, Chenopodium murale, Chenopodium quinoa, Cucumis melo, Cucumis sativus, Cucurbita maxima, Helianthus annuus, Humulus japonicus, Humulus lupulus, Nicandra physalodes, Nicotiana clevelandii, Nicotiana tabacum, Petunia x hybrida, Zinnia elegans.

Host:
Experimentally infected hosts mainly show symptoms of necrotic local lesions, chlorotic mottle or mosaic in systemic leaves.

Experimentally infected insusceptible Hosts: Families containing insusceptible hosts: Alliaceae, Compositae, Cruciferae, or Leguminosae-Papilionoideae, Solanaceae. Species inoculated with virus that do not show signs of susceptibility: Allium cepa, Allium porrum, Brassica oleracea, Brassica oleracea var. capitata, Capsella bursa-pastoris, Capsicum annuum, Lactuca sativa, Lycopersicon esculentum, Nicotiana glutinosa, Raphanus sativus, Vicia faba, Vigna unguiculata.

Diagnostic Hosts

Diagnostic host species and symptoms:

Chenopodium quinoa — necrotic local lesions, systemic chlorosis and necrosis.

Chenopodium amaranticolor — pin-point necrotic local lesions, systemic chlorosis.

Nicotiana clevelandii — etched necrotic local lesions, systemic chlorosis and necrosis. Diagnostic host: insusceptible host species Lactuca sativa, Brassica oleracea, Vigna unguiculata, Nicotiana glutinosa.

Maintenance and Propagation Hosts

Most commonly used maintenance and propagation host species are Chenopodium quinoa.

Assay Hosts

Host: Assay hosts (for Local lesions or Whole plants):
Chenopodium quinoa (L) and C. amaranticolor (L).

References to host data: Adams et al. (1989).

Histopathology: Virus can be best detected in leaves.

Geographical Distribution

The virus occurs in China (probably; it was detected by serology in a few samples from China). The virus is found, but with no evidence of proliferation, in samples imported to the U.K., but is now thought to have been eradicated.

Ecology, Epidemiology and Control

Studies reported by Adams et al. (1989).

References

Adams, AN., Clark, MF and Barbara, D.J. (1989). Ann. appl. Biol. 114: 497.

The following generic references are cited in the most recent ICTV Report.

PubMed References. A description of this taxon in VIDEdB, the plant virus database developed at the Australian National University by Adrian J. Gibbs and collaborators, contains an earlier description with the number 406 by A.N. Adams, 1991.



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DELTA - DEscription Language for TAxonomy developed by Dr Mike Dallwitz, Toni Paine and Eric Zurcher, CSIRO Entomology, Canberra, Australia. ICTVdB - The Universal Virus Database, developed for the International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses by Dr Cornelia Büchen-Osmond is written in DELTA. The virus descriptions in ICTVdB are coded by, or using data from experts in the field of virology or members ICTV. The character list is the underlying code. All virus descriptions are based on the character list and natural language translations are automatically generated and formatted for display on the Web from the descriptions in DELTA-format. The description has been generated automatically from DELTA files. DELTA - DEscription Language for TAxonomy developed by Dr Mike Dallwitz, Toni Paine and Eric Zurcher, CSIRO Entomology, Canberra, Australia.

ICTVdB - The Universal Virus Database, developed for the International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses (ICTV) by Dr Cornelia Büchen-Osmond, is written in DELTA. The virus descriptions in ICTVdB are coded by ICTV members and experts, or by the ICTVdB Management using data provided by the experts, the literature or the latest ICTV Report. The character list is the underlying code. All virus descriptions are based on the character list and natural language translations from the encoded descriptions are automatically generated and formatted for display on the Web.

Developer of the DELTA software: M. J. Dallwitz, T. Paine and E. Zurcher

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Last updated on 25 April 2006 by Cornelia Büchen-Osmond
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