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00.000.4.00.012. Pelargonium zonate spot virus

Cite this publication as: ICTVdB Management (2006). 00.000.4.00.012. Pelargonium zonate spot virus. In: ICTVdB - The Universal Virus Database, version 4. Büchen-Osmond, C. (Ed), Columbia University, New York, USA

Cite this site as: ICTVdB - The Universal Virus Database, version 4. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/ICTVdb/ICTVdB/

Table of Contents

Isolate Description

Isolation date: 1969.
Location: Apulia; Southern Italy.

Host of Isolate and Habitat Details
Source of isolate: Lycopersicon esculentum.

Natural host and symptoms
Lycopersicon esculentum — concentric yellow bands, then necrotic stunting.

Cynara scolymus — foliar malformations.

Chrysanthemum segetum — yellow mottling.

Diplotaxis erucoides — symptomless.

Pelargonium zonale — concentric yellow bands.

Collection and Isolation Details
Virus was isolated by Martelli and Cirulli.

Reference to Isolation Report
Martelli and Cirulli (1969).

Classification

This is a description of a plant virus at the species level.

ICTVdB Virus Code: 00.000.4.00.012. Virus accession number: 00400012. Obsolete virus code: 00.079.0.04.009.; 79.0.P.4.009; superceded accession number: 79004009; 790p4009.
NCBI Taxon Identifier NCBI Taxonomy ID: 116056.

Name, Synonyms and Lineage

ICTV approved acronym: PZSV. Virus is unclassified and not assigned to a genus or family..

Virion Properties

Morphology

Virions are not enveloped. Capsid/nucleocapsid is elongated with helical symmetry. The capsid is bacilliform; 35 nm and a width of 25 nm.

Electron microscopic preparation and references: Virus preparation contains many virions. Fix with formaldehyde before mounting in KPT. Reference for electron microscopic methods: Gallitelli; homogenise Nicotiana glutinosa leaves in 20mM sodium phosphate containing 20 mM sodium thioglycollate and 20 mM DIECA, clarify by adjusting pH to 4.8, and precipitate virions with PEG.

Physicochemical and Physical Properties

Virions have a buoyant density in CsCl of 1.286 g cm-3 (Cs2SO4), or 1.346 g cm-3 (CsCl; formaldehyde-stabilised virions). There are 3 sedimenting component(s) found in purified preparations. The sedimentation coefficient is of the fastest 118 S20w (BV, which is probably an aggregate of TV, of the other(s) are 80 S20w (TV), or 90 S20w (MV). The thermal inactivation point (TIP) is at 40°C. The longevity in vitro (LIV) is 0.3 days. Although the titer is dependent on the host, the decimal exponent (DEX) of the dilution end point is usually around 2. The infectivity is retained when deproteinized with phenol or detergent.

Nucleic Acid

The Mr of the genome constitutes 18% of the virion by weight (TV), or 18% of the virion by weight (MV), or 18% of the virion by weight (BV). The genome is segmented; bipartite, segements are distributed among 2 particle types, single-stranded RNA. Minor species of non-genomic nucleic acid are also found in virions. The encapsidated nucleic acid is mainly of genomic origin, but virions may also contain satellite RNA associated with some strains. The complete genome is 7700 nucleotides long. Genome is sequenced, but only an estimate is available, complete sequence is 4400 nucleotides long, is sequenced, but only an estimate is available, complete sequence is 3300 nucleotides long. Reference to nucleotide sequence isolation method by Gallitelli; use phenol-SDS.

GenBank records for nucleotide sequences; complete genome sequences.

Proteins

The viral genome encodes structural proteins. Virions consist of 1 structural protein(s).

Structural Proteins: Reference to method of preparation: Gallitelli (1982).

Lipids

Lipids are not reported.

Genome Organization and Replication

By itself, genomic nucleic acid is infectious.

Antigenicity

The virus does not show serological relationships to Alfalfa mosaic virus, Apple mosaic virus, Arabis mosaic virus, Artichoke Italian latent virus, Artichoke mottled crinkle virus, Artichoke vein banding virus, Broad bean wilt virus, Brome mosaic virus, Carnation ringspot virus, Cherry leaf roll virus, Cherry rasp leaf virus, Chicory yellow mottle virus, Cacao necrosis virus, Cucumber mosaic virus, Grapevine Bulgarian latent virus, Grapevine chrome mosaic virus, Grapevine fanleaf virus, Myrobalan latent ringspot virus, Pelargonium leaf curl virus, Prune dwarf virus, Prunus necrotic ringspot virus, Radish mosaic virus, Raspberry bushy dwarf virus, Raspberry ringspot virus, Southern bean mosaic virus, Sowbane mosaic virus, Tobacco necrosis virus, Tobacco ringspot virus, Tobacco streak virus, Tomato black ring virus, Tomato ringspot virus, Tulare apple mosaic virus and Turnip yellow mosaic virus.

The virus shares properties with epirus cherry, cassava Ivorian bacilliform, olive latent 2 and melon Ourmia viruses.

Diagnostics and Reference Collections

The best tests for diagnosis are serology and host range.

Biological Properties

Natural Host

Domain
Viral hosts belong to the Domain Eucarya.

Domain Eucarya
Kingdom Plantae.

Kingdom Plantae
Phylum Magnoliophyta (Angiosperms).

General Symptoms in Plants Virus affects the vascular system, or photosynthetic system. Symptoms are expressed in the leaf; include deformation, or necrosis, or chlorosis. Include vein banding. Leaves with mottle, or striations, or zonale concentric bands.

Severity and Occurrence of Disease

Host: Signs and symptoms disappear soon after infection.

Transmission and Vector Relationships

Virus is transmitted by mechanical inoculation; transmitted by grafting; transmitted by seeds; transmitted by pollen to the seed.

Experimental Hosts and Symptoms

Under experimental conditions susceptibility to infection by virus is found in several families. Susceptible host species are found in the Family Amaranthaceae, Chenopodiaceae, Compositae, Cruciferae, Cucurbitaceae, Geraniaceae, Leguminosae-Papilionoideae, Solanaceae. The following species were susceptible to experimental virus infection: Celosia cristata, Chenopodium amaranticolor, Chenopodium quinoa, Chrysanthemum segetum, Cucumis sativus, Cucurbita pepo, Cynara scolymus, Diplotaxis erucoides, Glycine max, Gomphrena globosa, Lycopersicon esculentum, Nicotiana clevelandii, Nicotiana glutinosa, Nicotiana tabacum, Pelargonium zonale, Phaseolus vulgaris, Vicia faba, Vigna radiata, Vigna unguiculata.

Experimentally infected insusceptible Hosts: Families containing insusceptible hosts: Apocynaceae, Compositae, Labiatae, or Leguminosae-Papilionoideae, Solanaceae. Species inoculated with virus that do not show signs of susceptibility: Callistephus chinensis, Catharanthus roseus, Datura stramonium, Nicotiana benthamiana, Ocimum basilicum, Pisum sativum, Solanum melongena, Zinnia elegans.

Diagnostic Hosts

Diagnostic host species and symptoms:

Cucumis sativus — chlorotic local lesions.

Nicotiana glutinosa — chlorotic or necrotic local lesions, systemic mosaic and marginal necrosis.

Nicotiana tabacum cv. Xanthi — chlorotic rings, systemic mottling.

Cucurbita pepo — chlorotic or necrotic local lesions, death.

Phaseolus vulgaris — chlorotic or necrotic local lesions.

Lycopersicon esculentum — concentric yellow bands, then necrosis.

Diagnostic host: insusceptible host species Callistephus chinensis, Datura stramonium, Nicotiana benthamiana, Ocimum basilicum, Pisum sativum.

Maintenance and Propagation Hosts

Most commonly used maintenance and propagation host species are Cucumis sativus, Lycopersicon esculentum, Nicotiana glutinosa, N. tabacum cv. Xanthi.

Assay Hosts

Host: Assay hosts (for Local lesions or Whole plants):
Chenopodium quinoa (L), C. amaranticolor (L), Cucumis sativus (W), Nicotiana glutinosa (W), Vigna radiata (L).

References to host data: Quacquarelli et al. (1979, Gallitelli (1982, Vovlas et al. (1986).

Histopathology: Virus can be best detected in leaves, mesophyll, epidermis and phloem. Virions are found in the cytoplasm, nucleus, and nucleolus.

Cytopathology: Other cellular changes include damage of chloroplasts and vesicles containing fibrillar material.

Geographical Distribution

The virus occurs in Italy (Apulia).

Ecology, Epidemiology and Control

Studies reported by Gallitelli (1982, Quacquarelli et al. (1969, Vovlas et al. (1986).

References

Castellano, MA and Martelli, G.P. (1981). Phytopathol. Medit. 20: 64.

Gallitelli, D. (1982). Ann. appl. biol. 100: 457.

Gallitelli, D., Martelli, G.P. and Quacquarelli, A (1983). CMI/AAB Descr. Pl. Viruses No. 272, 4 pp.

Martelli, G.P. and Cirulli, M. (1969). Phytopathol. Medit. 8: 154.

Quacquarelli, A and Gallitelli, D. (1979). Phytopathol. Medit. 18: 61.

Vovlas, C., Gallitelli, D. and Difranco, A (1986). Inform. Fitopatol. 36: 9.

PubMed References. A description of this taxon in VIDEdB, the plant virus database developed at the Australian National University by Adrian J. Gibbs and collaborators, contains an earlier description with the number 594 by D. Gallitelli, 1987.

A description of the virus is found in DPV, a database for plant viruses developed by the Association of Applied Biologists (AAB), with the number 272.



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DELTA - DEscription Language for TAxonomy developed by Dr Mike Dallwitz, Toni Paine and Eric Zurcher, CSIRO Entomology, Canberra, Australia. ICTVdB - The Universal Virus Database, developed for the International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses by Dr Cornelia Büchen-Osmond is written in DELTA. The virus descriptions in ICTVdB are coded by, or using data from experts in the field of virology or members ICTV. The character list is the underlying code. All virus descriptions are based on the character list and natural language translations are automatically generated and formatted for display on the Web from the descriptions in DELTA-format. The description has been generated automatically from DELTA files. DELTA - DEscription Language for TAxonomy developed by Dr Mike Dallwitz, Toni Paine and Eric Zurcher, CSIRO Entomology, Canberra, Australia.

ICTVdB - The Universal Virus Database, developed for the International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses (ICTV) by Dr Cornelia Büchen-Osmond, is written in DELTA. The virus descriptions in ICTVdB are coded by ICTV members and experts, or by the ICTVdB Management using data provided by the experts, the literature or the latest ICTV Report. The character list is the underlying code. All virus descriptions are based on the character list and natural language translations from the encoded descriptions are automatically generated and formatted for display on the Web.

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