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00.000.4.00.009. Nicotiana velutina mosaic virus

Cite this publication as: ICTVdB Management (2006). 00.000.4.00.009. Nicotiana velutina mosaic virus. In: ICTVdB - The Universal Virus Database, version 4. Büchen-Osmond, C. (Ed), Columbia University, New York, USA

Cite this site as: ICTVdB - The Universal Virus Database, version 4. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/ICTVdb/ICTVdB/

Table of Contents

Isolate Description

Location: Lake Frome; Australia.

Host of Isolate and Habitat Details
Source of isolate: Nicotiana velutina.

Natural host and symptoms
Nicotiana velutina — bright yellow mosaic.

Reference to Isolation Report
Randles et al. (1976).

Classification

This is a description of a plant virus at the species level with data on all virus properties from morphology to genome, replication, antigenicity and biological properties.

ICTVdB Virus Code: 00.000.4.00.009. Virus accession number: 00400009. Obsolete virus code: 00.000.0.00.002.; 27.0.1.T.DE.2; superceded accession number: 00000002; 2701tde2.
NCBI Taxon Identifier NCBI Taxonomy ID: 12292.

Name, Synonyms and Lineage

ICTV approved acronym: NVMV. Virus is unclassified and not assigned to a genus or family..

Virion Properties

Morphology

Virions are not enveloped. Capsid/nucleocapsid is elongated with helical symmetry. Virus preparations contain more than one particle component. Virions consist of several nucleocapsids. The capsid is rod-shaped, straight with a varying length with a length of (100-)125-150(-175) nm and a width of 18 nm. Axial canal is distinct. Basic helix is obvious. Pitch of helix is 2.9 nm.

Electron microscopic preparation and references: Virus preparation contains few virions. Reference for electron microscopic methods: Randles (1978).

Physicochemical and Physical Properties

There are 8 sedimenting component(s) found in purified preparations (as a broad band containing aggregates, not separate components). The sedimentation coefficient is of the fastest 155 S20w (and greater). The thermal inactivation point (TIP) is at 60-70°C. The longevity in vitro (LIV) is 1-4 days. Although the titer is dependent on the host, the decimal exponent (DEX) of the dilution end point is usually around 1-2. The infectivity is retained when deproteinized with phenol or detergent.

Nucleic Acid

The genome is segmented; bipartite, segements are distributed among 2 particle types of linear, single-stranded RNA. The complete genome is about 11000 nucleotides long. The RNA-1 is is about 800 nucleotides long. RNA-2is partially sequenced, sequenced region is 2325 nucleotides long and encodes one ORF for capsid and membrane proteins; has the accession number [D00906] Em(40)_vi:NVMV2 Gb(84)_vi:NVMV2 Nicotiana velutina mosaic virus RNA2. 2/93 2,325bp.

Reference to nucleotide sequence in PubMed: reference(s). GenBank records for nucleotide sequences; complete genome sequences.

Proteins

The viral genome encodes structural proteins and non-structural proteins. Virions consist of 2 structural protein(s) and hypothetical proteins located in the capsid and membrane.

Structural Proteins: Capsid protein has a molecular mass of 10951 Da; has been sequenced; sequence has the accession number [Q05151] is the coat protein.

Reference to method of preparation: Randles et al. (1976).

Virus-coded non-structural proteins have been predicted from open reading frames (ORF). Non-Structural Proteins: Virus-coded non-structural proteins have been identified by sequence analysis and 2-3 non-structural protein(s) are found. The virus codes for proteins of unknown function (viral helicase 1). The non-structural protein is associated with the coat protein. Virus coded helicase has a molecular mass of 38998 kDa; helicase has been sequenced; helicase is coded from membrane protein of RNA-2 and can be accessed at Swiss-Prot with the accession number [Q05149].

Lipids

Lipids are not reported.

Antigenicity

The virus does not show serological relationships to Potato mop top vitus, Soil-borne wheat mosaic virus, Tobacco mosaic virus, Beet necrotic yellow vein virus, Barley stripe mosaic virus and Tobacco rattle virus.

CDNA clones did not hybridize with Tobacco mosaic, Frangipani mosaic, Odontoglossum ringspot, Tomato mosaic, Sunn-hemp mosaic, Cucumber green mottle mosaic and Kyuri green mottle mosaic viruses or Beet necrotic yellow vein and Peanut clump furoviruses. Although the virus has a divided genome with two RNA's of a size comparable to those of furoviruses, its unique biological properties and lack of serological relationship with furoviruses suggest that it has no clear relationship to any recognised taxonomic group of plant viruses.

Biological Properties

Natural Host

Domain
Viral hosts belong to the Domain Eucarya.

Domain Eucarya
Kingdom Plantae.

Kingdom Plantae
Phylum Magnoliophyta (Angiosperms, Class Magnoliopsida (Dicotyledonae).

Class Magnoliopsida (Dicotyledonae)
Subclass ASTERIDAE; Order Scrophulariales.

Transmission and Vector Relationships

Virus is not transmitted by a vector. Virus is transmitted by mechanical inoculation; transmitted by grafting; transmitted by seeds (up to 72% in Nicotiana glutinosa).

Experimental Hosts and Symptoms

Under experimental conditions susceptibility to infection by virus is found in several families. Susceptible host species are found in the Family Amaranthaceae, Chenopodiaceae, Solanaceae. The following species were susceptible to experimental virus infection: Beta macrocarpa, Chenopodium amaranticolor, Chenopodium quinoa, Gomphrena globosa, Nicotiana benthamiana, Nicotiana clevelandii, Nicotiana debneyi, Nicotiana glutinosa, Nicotiana rustica, Nicotiana sylvestris, Nicotiana tabacum, Nicotiana velutina, Spinacia oleracea.

Experimentally infected insusceptible Hosts: Families containing insusceptible hosts: Caryophyllaceae, Cucurbitaceae, Gramineae, Leguminosae-Papilionoideae, Tetragoniaceae. Species inoculated with virus that do not show signs of susceptibility: Cucumis sativus, Dianthus barbatus, Lathyrus odoratus, Phaseolus vulgaris, Tetragonia tetragonioides, Triticum aestivum, Vicia faba.

Diagnostic Hosts

Diagnostic host species and symptoms:

Nicotiana glutinosa — systemic chlorosis.

N. tabacum — etched ringspots, then mild systemic mottling.

N. debneyi — necrosis; then systemic mosaic and malformation.

Chenopodium amaranticolor, C. quinoa — chlorotic local lesions; not systemic.

Beta macrocarpa — local lesions; systemic mosaic.

Gomphrena globosa — necrotic ringspots; systemic chlorosis. Diagnostic host: insusceptible host species Tetragonia tetragonioides.

Maintenance and Propagation Hosts

Most commonly used maintenance and propagation host species are Nicotiana debneyi.

Assay Hosts

Host: Assay hosts (for Local lesions or Whole plants):
Chenopodium amaranticolor (L), C. quinoa (L).

Histopathology: Virus can be best detected in locally or systemically infected tissue in thin sections.

Cytopathology: Inclusions are not present in infected cells.

Geographical Distribution

The virus occurs in Australia.

References

Randles, J.W. (1978). CMI/AAB Descr. Pl. Viruses No. 189, 4 pp.

Randles, J.W. and Rohde, W. (1990). J. gen. Virol. 71: 1019.

Randles, J.W., Harrison, BD. and Roberts, I.M. (1976). Ann. appl. Biol. 84: 193.

PubMed References.

VIDEdB, the plant virus database developed at the Australian National University by Adrian J. Gibbs and collaborators, contains an earlier description with the number 521 by J.W. Randles, 1985. A description of the virus is found in DPV, a database for plant viruses developed by the Association of Applied Biologists (AAB), with the number 189.

Taxonomic Proposals and Changes

A taxonomic proposal has been submitted to the ICTV by the Plant Virus Subcommittee, Study Group for Furovirus at the meeting in San Diego, March 1998 to remove the taxon from the position held (as tentative species in the Genus Furovirus and list it as unclassified).



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DELTA - DEscription Language for TAxonomy developed by Dr Mike Dallwitz, Toni Paine and Eric Zurcher, CSIRO Entomology, Canberra, Australia. ICTVdB - The Universal Virus Database, developed for the International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses by Dr Cornelia Büchen-Osmond is written in DELTA. The virus descriptions in ICTVdB are coded by, or using data from experts in the field of virology or members ICTV. The character list is the underlying code. All virus descriptions are based on the character list and natural language translations are automatically generated and formatted for display on the Web from the descriptions in DELTA-format. The description has been generated automatically from DELTA files. DELTA - DEscription Language for TAxonomy developed by Dr Mike Dallwitz, Toni Paine and Eric Zurcher, CSIRO Entomology, Canberra, Australia.

ICTVdB - The Universal Virus Database, developed for the International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses (ICTV) by Dr Cornelia Büchen-Osmond, is written in DELTA. The virus descriptions in ICTVdB are coded by ICTV members and experts, or by the ICTVdB Management using data provided by the experts, the literature or the latest ICTV Report. The character list is the underlying code. All virus descriptions are based on the character list and natural language translations from the encoded descriptions are automatically generated and formatted for display on the Web.

Developer of the DELTA software: M. J. Dallwitz, T. Paine and E. Zurcher

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Last updated on 25 April 2006 by Cornelia Büchen-Osmond
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