[Home] [ICTV Taxonomy - Index of Viruses] [Virus Descriptions] [Character List] [Picture Gallery]
[Tutorial] [Online Data Retrieval & Identification] [Virus Isolate Registration & Submission] [Search]
Descriptions are generated automatically from the ICTVdB database including links. Some descriptions are only very basic and links may point to documents that are not yet published on the Web.

00.000.4.00.004. Chara australis virus

Cite this publication as: ICTVdB Management (2006). 00.000.4.00.004. Chara australis virus. In: ICTVdB - The Universal Virus Database, version 4. Büchen-Osmond, C. (Ed), Columbia University, New York, USA

Cite this site as: ICTVdB - The Universal Virus Database, version 4. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/ICTVdb/ICTVdB/

Table of Contents

Isolate Description

Location: the A.C.T.; Australia.

Host of Isolate and Habitat Details
Source of isolate: Chara australis.

Natural host and symptoms
Chara australis — plants symptomless but with inclusions.

Reference to Isolation Report
Gibbs et al. (1975).

Classification

This is a description of an algal virus at the species level with data on all virus properties from morphology to genome, replication, antigenicity and biological properties.

ICTVdB Virus Code: 00.000.4.00.004. Virus accession number: 00400004. Obsolete virus code: 00.027.0.91.001.; 27.0.1.T.DE.1; superceded accession number: 27091001; 2701tde1.

Name, Synonyms and Lineage

The taxon has the accepted ICTV name. It was listed in VIDE as tentative Furovirus, but is now considered as unclassified species).

Alternative name: Chara coralina virus. Synonym(s): Chara corallina virus. ICTV approved acronym: ChAV. Virus is unclassified now, but was considered to fit in the neighborhood of the genus 00.027.0.01. Furovirus (now in doubt that this classification was correct, not assigned to a family.

Virion Properties

Morphology

Virions consist of a capsid. Virus capsid is not enveloped. Capsid/nucleocapsid is elongated with helical symmetry. Virus preparations contain more than one particle component. The capsid is rod-shaped, straight with a clear modal length; with a length of 532 nm and a width of 18 nm. Axial canal is distinct. Pitch of helix is 2.75 nm.

Electron microscopic preparation and references: Virus preparation contains many virions. Reference for electron microscopic methods: blend Chara plants in 1-0.5 vol. of 50 mM phosphate buffer pH 7.5 containing 100 mM urea and 5 mM disodium EDTA. Filter. Stir in 2% w/v sodium chloride 4% w/v polyethylene glycol 6000 at 4°C overnight. Centrifuge at 3000 g for 30 minutes. Collect pellet. Resuspend in original buffer containing 8.0% butanol at room temperature. Emulsify with 10% chloroform. Centrifuge and collect supernatant. Purify further by centrifuging in buffered sucrose gradients.

Physicochemical and Physical Properties

There are 1 sedimenting component(s) found in purified preparations, or 2 sedimenting component(s) found in purified preparations (in some preparations). The sedimentation coefficient is 230 S20w. Isoelectric point pH is 3.4-3.7.

Nucleic Acid

The Mr of the genome constitutes 5% of the virion by weight. The genome is monopartite, only one particle size of linear, single-stranded RNA is recovered. Minor species of non-genomic nucleic acid are not found in virions. The complete genome is 11000 nucleotides long. Genome is sequenced, but only an estimate is available, complete sequence is 11000 nucleotides long. The genome has a base ratio of 24.5 % guanine; 28 % adenine; 20 % cytosine; 27.5 % uracil.

Proteins

Proteins constitute about 95% of the particle weight.

The viral genome encodes structural proteins and non-structural proteins. Virions consist of 1 structural protein(s).

Structural Proteins: Reference to amino acid sequence or composition Skotnicki et al. (1976).

Lipids

Lipids are not reported.

Antigenicity

The virus is serologically related to tobacco mosaic and Odontoglossum ringspot viruses, but very distantly.

The nucleotide sequence of the replicase motif has closest homology to that of Beet necrotic yellow vein virus.

Biological Properties

Natural Host

Domain
Viral hosts belong to the Domain Eucarya.

Domain Eucarya
Kingdom Protoctistae.

Kingdom Protoctista Division Charaphyta (Chara,
Family Characeae. Virus found in Chara australis.

Transmission and Vector Relationships

Virus is not transmitted by contact between hosts.

Experimental Hosts and Symptoms

Under experimental conditions susceptibility to infection by virus is found in few families. Susceptible host species are found in the Family Characeae. The following species were susceptible to experimental virus infection: Chara australis.

Experimentally infected insusceptible Hosts: Families containing insusceptible hosts: Chenopodiaceae, Cruciferae, Gramineae, or Leguminosae-Papilionoideae, Solanaceae. Species inoculated with virus that do not show signs of susceptibility: Avena sativa, Brassica campestris ssp. pekinensis, Brassica campestris ssp. rapa, Chenopodium amaranticolor, Chenopodium quinoa, Nicotiana clevelandii, Nicotiana glutinosa, Petunia x hybrida, Phaseolus vulgaris, Pisum sativum, Spinacia oleracea, Triticum aestivum, Vicia faba.

Diagnostic Hosts

Diagnostic host species and symptoms:

Chara australis — infected by injection become chlorotic and die. Diagnostic host: insusceptible host species Nicotiana clevelandii, N. glutinosa, Brassica campestris ssp. pekinensis, Phaseolus vulgaris.

Maintenance and Propagation Hosts

Most commonly used maintenance and propagation host species are Chara australis.

Assay Hosts

Host: Assay hosts (for Local lesions or Whole plants):
Chara australis.

References to host data: Gibbs et al. (1975).

Histopathology: Virus can be best detected in all parts of the host plant. Virions are found in the cytoplasm and cell vacuole.

Cytopathology: Inclusions are present in infected cells (in the cytoplasm, are banana-shaped paracrystals). Inclusions contain mature virions.

Geographical Distribution

The virus occurs in Australia (south-eastern rivers, but not found in the United Kingdom (4ssp.) nor in a worldwide collection of charophyte species held in Lubbock, Texas (V. Proctor and AJ. Gibbs, unpublished data)).

Ecology, Epidemiology and Control

Studies reported by Skotnicki et al. (1976).

Comments

The host of this virus was incorrectly identified first as Chara corallina.

References

Gibbs, AJ., Skotnicki, AH., Gardiner, JE, Walker, E.S. and Hollings M. (1975). Virology 64: 571.

Skotnicki, AH., Gibbs, AJ. and Wrigley, N.G. (1976). Virology 75: 457.

VIDEdB, the plant virus database developed at the Australian National University by Adrian J. Gibbs and collaborators, contains an earlier description with the number 196 by A.J. Gibbs and M. Torronen, 1987 and 1991.



Limit search to: Title & Body Title Document Path
Show Reverse Sort

DELTA - DEscription Language for TAxonomy developed by Dr Mike Dallwitz, Toni Paine and Eric Zurcher, CSIRO Entomology, Canberra, Australia. ICTVdB - The Universal Virus Database, developed for the International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses by Dr Cornelia Büchen-Osmond is written in DELTA. The virus descriptions in ICTVdB are coded by, or using data from experts in the field of virology or members ICTV. The character list is the underlying code. All virus descriptions are based on the character list and natural language translations are automatically generated and formatted for display on the Web from the descriptions in DELTA-format. The description has been generated automatically from DELTA files. DELTA - DEscription Language for TAxonomy developed by Dr Mike Dallwitz, Toni Paine and Eric Zurcher, CSIRO Entomology, Canberra, Australia.

ICTVdB - The Universal Virus Database, developed for the International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses (ICTV) by Dr Cornelia Büchen-Osmond, is written in DELTA. The virus descriptions in ICTVdB are coded by ICTV members and experts, or by the ICTVdB Management using data provided by the experts, the literature or the latest ICTV Report. The character list is the underlying code. All virus descriptions are based on the character list and natural language translations from the encoded descriptions are automatically generated and formatted for display on the Web.

Developer of the DELTA software: M. J. Dallwitz, T. Paine and E. Zurcher

ICTVdB and DELTA related References

Comments to ICTVdB Management
Last updated on 25 April 2006 by Cornelia Büchen-Osmond
Copyright © 2002    International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses.    All rights reserved.


Additional access points to virus species lists, descriptions and images on the web:

Species catalogue                     iSpecies.org - a species search engine           a species search engine

Google Analytics      Google Analytics: activity view