Name L.
Aravind
[aka Aravind Lakshminarayanan
Iyer]
Address
Building
38A Room 5N505
National Library of Medicine,
National Institutes of Health,
Tel (301)
594 2445
E-mail aravind
at mail.nih.gov
Nationality Hindu
Indian
Employment history
- October
2002-Present
Principal Investigator, Computational Biology
Branch, NCBI, NLM, NIH
- December
1999- October 2002
Staff Scientist, Computational Biology
Branch, NCBI, NLM, NIH
- December
1998-November 1999
Research Assistant,
-September
1997-December 1998
Burroughs-Wellcome Research Fellow,
NCBI, NLM, NIH
-September
1996-September 1997
Regents Fellow,
-June 1995-June
1996
Research Assistant,
Education
|
Degree |
Year of passing |
Grade obtained |
|
Ph.D.
Biology |
December 1999 |
GPA: 4 |
|
M.Sc.
Biotechnology |
May 1996 |
1st class with distinction (Rank 1) |
|
B.Sc.
Microbiology (Principal), Physics, Chemistry & Zoology (Adjunct) |
3-year degree course Passed in June 1994 |
1st class with distinction (Rank 1) |
|
Higher
secondary certificate (Science stream) |
Passed in March 1991 Maharashtra |
Grade 1 with distinction
(top 1% in the state board) |
|
Secondary
school certificate |
Passed in March 1989 Maharashtra |
1st class with distinction
(top 2% in the state board) |
Skills
1) Computational Biology
-Thorough understanding of sequence similarity search and alignment
techniques.
-Extensive familiarity with 3D structure visualization, manipulation
and modeling methods.
2) Computers
-Operating systems: Unix, Windows and MacOS
-Languages: PERL, C++ and QBASIC
3) Morphology and developmental biology
-Good knowledge of chordate, cnidarian, arthropod anatomy and
development.
-Have experience in molecular techniques used to study development.
4) Experimental Molecular Biology
-Recombinant DNA technology: DNA/RNA extraction,
cloning and expression techniques.
5) Human Languages
-Fluent in English, working knowledge of Sanskrit,
Grantha/ManipravaLa (Southern Prakrit), Tamil, Hindi and German.
Awards and
scholarships
1) Citation from the Human Genome Consortium for
contributions to the analysis of the human genome sequence (2002).
2) Special Research Scholarship of the
Burroughs-Wellcome Fund (1997–1999) for the genome analysis of Plasmodium falciparum.
2) Regents Scholarship (1996-1997) for pursuing
Graduate studies at
3) University Medal (
4) Research Scholarship from Indian Institute of
Science, Centre for Theoretical Studies, for pursuing a project on analysis of
ancient protein domains (Summer, 1995).
5) Department of Biotechnology (Govt. of India) Award-
Grant for pursuing Masters in Biotechnology in any of the 6 first tier
biotechnology training centers of India. (1994-1996).
6) Jawarharlal Nehru Student Award for research
project of evolution of DNA binding domains (Summer 1993).
7) MES College Award for
best paper titled “Bacterial taxonomy”
8) Jidnysa award for best
Essay titled “Evolution of Mira-type variable stars” in all India Science Competition
(1992).
9) Jidnysa award for best
Essay titled “DNA to protein: what do we really know?” in all India Science
Competition (1992).
I obtained a
Masters Degree in Biotechnology from the
AREAS
OF RESEARCH, INTERESTS AND EDUCATION
Primary Areas
of Research
1) Evolutionary
classification of proteins.
2) Understanding large-scale evolutionary trends
in genome evolution.
3) Reconstruction of functional networks of
regulatory proteins and metabolic enzyme pathways from genome sequence.
4) Prediction of novel biochemical activities
and biological functions of proteins, and inference of organismal biology from
comparative sequence and genome analysis.
5) Understanding the fundamental interactions
between natural selection and structural/genomic constraints in shaping protein
domain diversity.
Other Areas
of Research
1) Evolution
of tetrapods with special emphasis on pre-mammalian- synapsid and archosaur
phylogeny.
2) Understanding
the diversity of colony structures in microbes.
3) Determination of diversity and behavioral
observations on cicadelloids, aphids, ephemeropterans, ichneumonoid
hymenopterans and their parasites.
Other
Academic Interests
1) Astronomy: Observation of variable stars (e.g.
rho Persei, lambda Tauri, mu Cephei,
2) Origin and evolution of
Indo-European texts (especially Indo-Iranian), mythology and languages.
3) Studies in Indian and Central Asian history:
Impact of Indo-European, Turkic and Mongolic expansions on Outer Eurasia.
Non-Academic Interests
1) Cricket
2) Traditional Archery (with
long bow and composite bow)
-Gleanings
from genome sequences of pathogenic microbes. The
-Ancient
and recent protein domains: what do they tell us?
-Sequences
to biology.
-Evolutionary
mobility of protein domains: deciphering regulatory architectures in proteins.
Integrated Genetics Inc.,
-The
‘Proteinscape’ of Life.
-Understanding
pathobiology: A genomic viewpoint. Laboratory of Infectious Diseases, NIH,
-Multiple
independent origins of DNA replication: The transition from RNA to DNA.
-Structural
and functional diversification of Eukaryotes.
-A journey
back in time: Reconstructing the earliest proteins. Indian
-Mining
for biochemistries: discovery of novel enzymes and small molecule binding
domains. Astra-Zeneca Foundation,
-The
provenance and the ontology of the cyclic nucleotide-signaling pathway.
Gordon Conference,
-Biochemical activities: How do they emerge
in proteins? Center for Biotechnology,
-The P-loop NTPases: A natural history.
Plenary Session, 3rd International Conference on AAA+ ATPases,
-The evolutionary genomics of pathogen-host
interactions. EU-USDA Meeting on emerging themes in host-pathogen
interactions,
-Evolution of signaling mechanisms. NCBS,
-The comparative genomics of eukaryotic
parasites. Society for Structural Genomics of parasitic protozoa Meeting,
-Lateral transfers, lineage specific
expansions and gene loss, and the natural history of the Apicomplexa.
Gordon Conference,
-The origins of bio-catalysis. Gordon
Conference,
-Natural
history of Apicomplexa: a genomic perspective. Malaria Research Meeting,
-Evolution of the engines of chromosomal
dynamics. Gordon Conference,
-Reconstructing
the major transitions in evolution.
-A Framework
for functional analysis of proteins.
-Evolution of transcription factors and
chromatin proteins in early branching eukaryotes. Gordon Conference,
-Exploring the evolution of epigenetic epigenetic control?
-Canonizing the rogues: provenance of key components of regulatory systems from selfish and mobile elements
-Investigating the evolution of major signal transduction systems
Other professional activities
-Currently Editor and co-author of WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH
Textbook on “Protein Evolution”
Other professional activities in NIH
2007
Bioessays. 2007 Jul;29(7):625-9.
The two faces of short-range evolutionary dynamics of regulatory
modes in bacterial transcriptional regulatory networks.
Balaji S, Aravind L.
BMC Bioinformatics. 2007 May 23;8(1):173
Discovering functional linkages and uncharacterized cellular
pathways using phylogenetic profile comparisons: a comprehensive assessment.
Jothi R, Przytycka TM, Aravind L.
Annu Rev Microbiol. 2007 Aug 16
Comparative Genomics of Protists: New Insights on Evolution of
Eukaryotic Signal Transduction and Gene Regulation.
Anantharaman V, Iyer LM, Aravind L.
Nat Immunol. 2007 Apr 29
Evolution and diversification of lamprey antigen receptors: evidence
for involvement of an AID-APOBEC family cytosine deaminase.
Rogozin IB, Iyer LM, Liang L, Glazko GV, Liston VG, Pavlov YI, Aravind
L, Pancer Z.
Mol Microbiol. 2007 May;64(3):738-54.
An antisense RNA controls synthesis of an SOS-induced toxin evolved
from an antitoxin.
Kawano M, Aravind L, Storz G.
Infect Immun. 2007 Apr;75(4):2012-25.
Molecular factors and biochemical pathways induced by febrile
temperature in intraerythrocytic Plasmodium falciparum parasites.
Oakley MS, Kumar S, Anantharaman V, Zheng H, Mahajan B, Haynes JD,
Moch JK, Fairhurst R, McCutchan TF, Aravind L.
Biol Direct. 2007 Jan 24;2:4.
A novel superfamily containing the beta-grasp fold involved in
binding diverse soluble ligands.
Burroughs AM, Balaji S, Iyer LM, Aravind L.
2006
Nucleic Acids Res. 2006;34(22):6505-20. Epub 2006 Nov 27.
The natural history of the WRKY-GCM1 zinc fingers and the
relationship between transcription factors and transposons.
Babu MM, Iyer LM, Balaji S, Aravind L.
RNA Biol. 2006 Jan 23;3(1)
The NYN Domains: Novel Predicted RNAses with a PIN Domain-Like Fold.
Anantharaman V, Aravind L.
Cell Cycle. 2006 Oct;5(20):2354-63.
Estimating the prevalence and regulatory potential of the telomere
looping effect in yeast transcription regulation.
Babu MM, Balaji S, Iyer LM, Aravind L.
Hepatol Res. 2006 Dec;36(4):277-87.
Global transcriptional effects of PEG-IFN-alpha and ribavirin on
peripheral blood cells obtained from patients with chronic hepatitis C.
Balan V, Aravind L, Grill DE, Therneau TM, Sulkowski MS,
Nelson DR, Praestgaard J, Rosati M, Birse CE, Moore PA, Mani Subramanian G.
Biol Direct. 2006 Sep 5;1:25.
The signaling helix: a common functional theme in diverse signaling
proteins.
Anantharaman V, Balaji S, Aravind L.
J Mol Biol. 2006 Jul 7;
Evolutionary Genomics of the HAD Superfamily: Understanding the
Structural Adaptations and Catalytic Diversity in a Superfamily of
Phosphoesterases and Allied Enzymes.
Burroughs AM, Allen KN, Dunaway-Mariano D, Aravind L.
Genome Biol. 2006 Jul 19;7(7):R60
The prokaryotic antecedents of the Ubiquitin-signaling system and
the early evolution of ubiquitin-like beta-grasp domains.
Iyer LM, Burroughs MA, Aravind L.
J Mol Biol. 2006 Jun 30;360(1):213-27. Epub 2006 May 3.
Comprehensive Analysis of Combinatorial Regulation using the
Transcriptional Regulatory Network of Yeast.
Balaji S, Babu MM, Iyer LM,
J Mol Biol. 2006 Jun 30;360(1):204-12. Epub 2006 Apr 27.
Uncovering a Hidden Distributed Architecture Behind Scale-free
Transcriptional Regulatory Networks.
Balaji S, Iyer LM, Aravind L, Babu MM.
Curr Opin Struct Biol. 2006 Jun;16(3):409-19.
Comparative genomics and structural biology of the molecular innovations
of eukaryotes.
Aravind L, Iyer LM, Koonin EV.
Cell Cycle. 2006 Apr;5(7):775-82.
The HIRAN domain and recruitment of chromatin remodeling and repair
activities to damaged DNA.
Iyer LM, Babu MM, Aravind L.
J Bacteriol. 2006 Apr;188(8):2761-73.
A database of bacterial lipoproteins (DOLOP) with functional
assignments to predicted lipoproteins.
Babu MM, Priya ML, Selvan AT,
J Mol Biol. 2006 Feb 28;
Evolutionary Dynamics of Prokaryotic
Transcriptional Regulatory Networks.
Madan Babu M,
Teichmann SA, Aravind L.
Virus Res. 2006 Apr;117(1):156-84.
Evolutionary genomics of
nucleo-cytoplasmic large DNA viruses.
Iyer LM, Balaji S, Koonin EV, Aravind L.
J Cell Sci. 2006 Jan 15;119(Pt 2):370-9.
The Shwachman-Bodian-Diamond syndrome
gene encodes an RNA-binding protein that localizes to the pseudopod of Dictyostelium
amoebae during chemotaxis.
Wessels D, Srikantha T, Yi S, Kuhl S, Aravind L, Soll DR.
J Mol Biol. 2006 Feb 24;356(3):823-42.
Diversification of catalytic activities
and ligand interactions in the protein fold shared by the sugar isomerases,
eIF2B, DeoR transcription factors, acyl-CoA transferases and
methenyltetrahydrofolate synthetase.
Anantharaman V, Aravind L.
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2006 Jan 3;103(1):51-6.
Molecular cloning, expression, and
structural prediction of deoxyhypusine hydroxylase: a HEAT-repeat-containing
metalloenzyme.
Park JH, Aravind L, Wolff EC, Kaevel J, Kim YS, Park MH.
Trends Microbiol. 2006 Jan;14(1):11-4.
Adaptive evolution by optimizing
expression levels in different environments.
Babu MM, Aravind L.
Bioinformatics.
2006 Feb 1;22(3):257-63.
The ASCH superfamily: novel domains with
a fold related to the PUA domain and a potential role in RNA metabolism.
Iyer LM, Burroughs AM, Aravind L.
2005
Nucleic Acids Res. 2005 Jul 21;33(13):3994-4006.
Discovery of the principal specific
transcription factors of Apicomplexa and their implication for the evolution of
the AP2-integrase DNA binding domains.
Balaji S, Babu MM, Iyer LM, Aravind L.
Nucleic Acids Res. 2005 Jul 15;33(12):3875-96.
Origin and evolution of the
archaeo-eukaryotic primase superfamily and related palm-domain proteins:
structural insights and new members.
Iyer LM, Koonin
EV, Leipe DD, Aravind L.
Exp Parasitol. 2005 Aug;110(4):389-93.
Plasmodium falciparum: characterization
of a late asexual stage golgi protein containing both ankyrin and DHHC domains.
Seydel KB, Gaur D, Aravind L, Subramanian G, Miller LH.
Bioinformatics. 2005 Jun 15;21(12):2805-11.
MEDS and PocR are novel domains with a
predicted role in sensing simple
hydrocarbon derivatives in prokaryotic
signal transduction systems.
Anantharaman V, Aravind L.
FEMS Microbiol Rev. 2005 Apr;29(2):231-62.
The many faces of the helix-turn-helix
domain: transcription regulation and beyond.
Aravind L, Anantharaman V, Balaji S, Babu MM, Iyer
LM.
Genome Biol. 2005;6(1):R4.
Identification of the prokaryotic
ligand-gated ion channels and their implications for the mechanisms and origins
of animal Cys-loop ion channels.
Tasneem A, Iyer
LM, Jakobsson E, Aravind L.
2004
Cell Cycle. 2004 Dec;3(12):1612-37.
Comparative genomics, evolution and
origins of the nuclear envelope and nuclear pore complex. Mans BJ, Anantharaman
V, Aravind L, Koonin EV.
Cell Cycle. 2004 Nov;3(11):1440-50.
Novel predicted peptidases with a
potential role in the ubiquitin signaling pathway.
Iyer LM, Koonin
EV, Aravind L.
Nucleic Acids Res. 2004 Oct 5;32(17):5260-79.
Comparative genomics of the FtsK-HerA
superfamily of pumping ATPases: implications for the origins of chromosome
segregation, cell division and viral capsid packaging.
Iyer LM,
J Mol Biol. 2004 Oct 8;343(1):1-28
STAND, a class of P-loop NTPases
including animal and plant regulators of programmed cell death: multiple,
complex domain architectures, unusual phyletic patterns, and evolution by horizontal
gene transfer.
Leipe DD, Koonin
EV, Aravind L.
Genome Res. 2004 Sep;14(9):1686-95.
Comparative analysis of apicomplexa and
genomic diversity in eukaryotes.
Templeton TJ, Iyer LM, Anantharaman V,
Enomoto S, Abrahante JE, Subramanian GM, Hoffman SL, Abrahamsen MS, Aravind L.
Proteins. 2004 Sep 1;56(4):795-807.
The SHS2 module is a common structural
theme in functionally diverse protein groups, like Rpb7p, FtsA, GyrI, and
MTH1598/TM1083 superfamilies.
Anantharaman V, Aravind L.
Nature. 2004 Jul 18
De-ubiquitination and ubiquitin ligase
domains of A20 downregulate NF-kappaB signalling.
Wertz IE, O'Rourke KM, Zhou H, Eby M, Aravind L, Seshagiri S, Wu P, Wiesmann
C, Baker R, Boone DL, Ma A, Koonin EV,
Dixit VM.
BMC Genomics. 2004 Jul 16;5(1):45.
Novel conserved domains in proteins with
predicted roles in eukaryotic cell-cycle regulation, decapping and RNA
stability.
Anantharaman V, Aravind L.
Trends Genet. 2004 Jul;20(7):292-9.
Evolution of cell-cell signaling in
animals: did late horizontal gene transfer from bacteria have a role?
Iyer LM, Aravind L, Coon SL, Klein DC, Koonin EV.
Mol Cell. 2004 Jun 18;14(6):841-7.
The C. elegans Polycomb Gene sop-2
Encodes an RNA Binding Protein.
Zhang H, Christoforou A, Aravind L, Emmons SW, Van Den Heuvel S,
Haber DA.
Gene. 2004 Jun 23;335:73-88.
Evolution of bacterial RNA polymerase:
implications for large-scale bacterial
phylogeny, domain accretion, and
horizontal gene transfer.
Iyer LM, Koonin
EV, Aravind L.
Curr Opin Struct Biol. 2004 Jun;14(3):283-91.
Structure and evolution of
transcriptional regulatory networks.
Babu MM, Luscombe NM, Aravind L, Gerstein M, Teichmann SA.
J Exp Med. 2004 Jun 7;199(11):1533-44.
A Multidomain Adhesion Protein Family
Expressed in Plasmodium falciparum Is Essential for
Transmission to the Mosquito.
Pradel G, Hayton K, Aravind L, Iyer LM, Abrahamsen MS, Bonawitz A, Mejia C,
Templeton TJ.
Proteins. 2004 Jun 1;55(4):977-91.
The emergence of catalytic and structural
diversity within the beta-clip fold.
Iyer LM, Aravind L.
Genome Biol. 2004;5(5):R30.
A novel family of P-loop NTPases with an
unusual phyletic distribution and
transmembrane segments inserted within
the NTPase domain.
Aravind L, Iyer LM, Leipe DD, Koonin EV.
Science. 2004 Apr 16;304(5669):441-5.
Complete genome sequence of the
apicomplexan, Cryptosporidium parvum.
Abrahamsen MS, Templeton TJ, Enomoto S,
Abrahante JE, Zhu G, Lancto CA,
Deng M, Liu C, Widmer G, Tzipori S, Buck
GA, Xu P, Bankier AT, Dear PH,
Konfortov BA, Spriggs HF, Iyer L,
Anantharaman V, Aravind L, Kapur V.
J Struct Biol. 2004 Apr-May;146(1-2):11-31.
Evolutionary history and higher order
classification of AAA+ ATPases.
Iyer LM, Leipe
DD, Koonin EV, Aravind L.
Cancer Cell. 2004 Feb;5(2):137-49.
Prune
D'Angelo A, Garzia L, Andre A, Carotenuto
P, Aglio V, Guardiola O, Arrigoni
G, Cossu A, Palmieri G, Aravind L, Zollo M.
Nucleic Acids Res. 2004 Feb 27;32(4):1439-47.
A bipolar DNA helicase gene, herA,
clusters with rad50, mre11 and nurA genes in
thermophilic archaea.
Constantinesco F, Forterre P, Koonin EV, Aravind L, Elie C.
2003
Cell. 2003 Dec 26;115(7):771-85.
Plasmodium biology: genomic gleanings.
Aravind L, Iyer LM, Wellems TE, Miller LH.
Genome Biol. 2003;4(12):R81. Epub 2003
Nov 26.
New connections in the prokaryotic
toxin-antitoxin network: relationship with
the eukaryotic nonsense-mediated RNA
decay system.
Anantharaman V, Aravind L.
Curr Opin Microbiol. 2003 Oct;6(5):490-7.
Evolutionary connections between
bacterial and eukaryotic signaling systems: a
genomic perspective.
Aravind L, Anantharaman V, Iyer LM.
J Mol Biol. 2003 Oct 31;333(4):781-815.
Evolution and classification of P-loop
kinases and related proteins.
Leipe DD, Koonin
EV, Aravind L.
Genome Biol. 2003;4(10):R64.
The two faces of Alba: the evolutionary
connection between proteins participating in chromatin structure and RNA
metabolism.
Aravind L, Iyer LM, Anantharaman V.
BMC Genomics. 2003 Aug 12
Application of comparative genomics in the identification and
analysis of novel families of membrane-associated receptors in bacteria.
Anantharaman V, Aravind L.
Mol Microbiol. 2003 Aug;49(4):977-89.
Multiple transporters associated with malaria parasite responses to
chloroquine and quinine.
Mu J, Ferdig MT, Feng X, Joy DA, Duan J, Furuya T, Subramanian G, Aravind
L, Cooper RA, Wootton JC, Xiong M, Su XZ.
J Mol Microbiol Biotechnol. 2003;5(4):225-9.
Gene duplication with displacement and rearrangement: origin of the
bacterial replication protein PriB from the single-stranded DNA-binding protein
Ssb.
Cell Cycle. 2003 Jul-Aug;2(4):369-76.
Provenance of SET-Domain Histone Methyltransferases Through
Duplication of a Simple Structural Unit.
Aravind L, Iyer LM.
FEMS Microbiol Lett. 2003 May 16; 222(1):17-23.
Aravind L, Anantharaman V.
EMBO J. 2003 Apr 15;22(8):1725-31.
Diversification and spectral tuning in marine proteorhodopsins.
Man D, Wang W, Sabehi G, Aravind L, Post AF, Massana R, Spudich
EN, Spudich JL, Beja O.
Cell Cycle. 2003 Mar-Apr; 2(2):123-6.
Scores of RINGS
but no PHDs in ubiquitin signaling.
Aravind L, Iyer LM, Koonin EV.
Genome Biol. 2003; 4(2):R11.
Evolutionary history, structural features
and biochemical diversity of the NlpC/P60 superfamily of enzymes.
Curr Opin Struct Biol. 2002 Jun; 12(3):392-9.
Trends in protein evolution inferred from
sequence and structure analysis.
Aravind L, Mazumder R, Vasudevan S, Koonin EV.
Genome Res. 2002 Jul; 12(7):1048-59.
The role of lineage-specific gene family
expansion in the evolution of eukaryotes.
Lespinet O, Wolf YI, Koonin EV, Aravind
L.
Genome Biol. 2002;3(5):research0023.
The
GOLD domain, a novel protein module involved in Golgi function and secretion.
Anantharaman V, Aravind L.
Proteins. 2002 Jul 1; 48(1):1-14.
Monophyly of class I aminoacyl tRNA
synthetase, USPA, ETFP, photolyase, and PP-ATPase nucleotide-binding domains:
implications for protein evolution in the RNA.
Aravind L, Anantharaman V, Koonin EV.
Cell Death Differ. 2002 Apr
;9(4):394-404.
Origin and evolution of eukaryotic
apoptosis: the bacterial connection.
Koonin
EV, Aravind L.
Proc Natl Acad Sci
U S A. 2002 Apr 2;99(7):4644-9.
The complete genome of hyperthermophile Methanopyrus
kandleri AV19 and monophyly of archaeal methanogens.
Slesarev AI, Mezhevaya KV, Makarova
KS, Polushin NN, Shcherbinina OV, Shakhova VV, Belova GI, Aravind L,
Natale DA, Rogozin IB, Tatusov RL, Wolf YI, Stetter KO, Malykh AG, Koonin EV,
Kozyavkin SA.
Nucleic Acids Res. 2002 Apr
1;30(7):1427-64.
Comparative
genomics and evolution of proteins involved in RNA metabolism.
Anantharaman
V, Koonin EV, Aravind L.
J Mol Biol. 2002 Mar 15;317(1):41-72.
Classification
and evolution of P-loop GTPases and related ATPases.
Leipe
DD, Wolf YI, Koonin EV, Aravind L.
BMC Genomics. 2002 Mar 21;3(1):8.